scholarly journals Social Background and Adult Socio-Demographic Outcomes in a Cross-National Comparative Perspective: An Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Aart C. Liefbroer ◽  
Mioara Zoutewelle-Terovan
Keyword(s):  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Social Deprivation ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Adverse Impact ◽  
Comparative Perspective ◽  
Individual Choice ◽  
Individual Preferences ◽  
Childhood Disadvantage ◽  
Cross National

AbstractAn individual choice paradigm, focusing on individual preferences and values, has long dominated our understanding of socio-demographic outcomes. Recently, a trend towards an unequal choice paradigm, stressing how inequality in opportunities structures socio-demographic outcomes, is observed. This chapter outlines these changes and argues for a comparative perspective to examine how childhood disadvantage impacts these socio-demographic outcomes. The expectation is that the consequences of childhood disadvantage for demographic outcomes in young adulthood and for socio-economic and well-being outcomes in middle and late adulthood depend on the opportunities that national contexts offer to abate the adverse impact of economic and social deprivation. Subsequently, all chapters of the book are briefly introduced and their contribution to understanding this key issue is discussed.

scholarly journals Explaining Cross-National Differences in Social Background Effects: What Have We Learned?

2021 ◽  
pp. 155-171
Author(s):  
Aart C. Liefbroer
Keyword(s):  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Demographic Research ◽  
Methodological Challenges ◽  
National Differences ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Childhood Disadvantage ◽  
Cross National

AbstractThis chapter provides an overview of economic, cultural and institutional narratives capable of explaining cross-national variation in the consequences of childhood disadvantage for socio-demographic outcomes in adulthood. However, testing these explanations is often hard, given a series of methodological challenges. Next, the ways in which the Contexts of Opportunity Project has tackled these challenges and its key results are presented. Childhood disadvantage has pervasive consequences for demographic outcomes in young adulthood and socio-economic and well-being outcomes in later adulthood. Strong cross-national variation in the strength of these relationships is observed, though. Childhood disadvantage often seems to have weaker consequences in more individualized societies. The chapter concludes with a discussion of future challenges for demographic research on cross-national differences.

The Effects of Mother’s Marital Status on Adolescent and Young Adult Health and Economic Well-Being Among African Americans

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 1065-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. LaVeist ◽  
Tia L. Zeno ◽  
Ruth G. Fesahazion
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Childhood Exposure ◽  
Young Adult Health ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Economic Well Being

This article explores the effects of being raised by married parents during childhood on health and well-being in adolescence and young adulthood in a longitudinal sample of African Americans. This study aims to address the following three questions: Does childhood with married patients lead to better health and well-being during adolescence? Does childhood with married patients lead to better health and well-being in young adulthood? Do the health effects of childhood with married patients differ for male and female? The authors found modest direct effects of childhood exposure to marriage on health for females. Having at least some childhood marriage exposure was also associated with several positive health behaviors. There is modest evidence that marriage bestows health benefits for children and that these benefits endure into young adulthood.

China's great transformation: from duty to personal rejuvenation and well-being

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-101
Author(s):  
William Jankowiak
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Chinese History ◽  
Individual Choice ◽  
Cultural Model ◽  
Chinese Values ◽  
Provincial Capital ◽  
Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

If the freedom to choose is important for personal well-being, what happens when there are drastic restrictions on personal choice? China represents an opportune case to explore this question. Its fifty-plus years of experimenting with a redistributive command economy, combined with periodic bursts of political fever, made extreme egalitarianism more important than other Chinese values recognising individual merit, vision, and achievement. Throughout much of Chinese history, these values were widely shared; but in the current era, an alternative cultural model was stressed: social responsibility for the community and nation. Individuals were ideally expected to de-emphasise their individuality in favour of "the common good". In China, the juxtaposition of the two competing value systems—extreme egalitarianism versus individual choice, responsibility, and personal achievement—engendered confusion, anger, angst, and unhappiness. In China, from 1949 to 1976, this accounts, in part, for much of the suffering people experienced in living their lives. In this article I examine the Chinese cultural model for life satisfaction or wellbeing in two different eras: work unit (danwei), socialism (1981–1983), and market reform (1987–2000). My sample was found in Hohhot, the provincial capital of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in northern China, where I lived from 1981 to 1983; six months in 1987; five months in 2000 (a total of 35 months). I will also examine the ways Chinese sought well-being in four different domains: friendship, family, occupation, and fun activities. By analysing how Chinese conceptualised their lives over time, I will identify the conceptual frameworks individuals used to assess their relative well-being.

scholarly journals Picture-perfect lives on social media: a cross-national study on the role of media ideals in adolescent well-being

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orpha de Lenne ◽  
Laura Vandenbosch ◽  
Steven Eggermont ◽  
Kathrin Karsay ◽  
Jolien Trekels
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Well Being ◽  
National Study ◽  
Cross National Study ◽  
Cross National
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document