Embryogenesis of Pilosebaceous Unit

The pilosebaceous unit is the triad comprising of hair follicle, arrector pilli muscle, and sebaceous gland. Drug delivery to and through the hair follicles has garnered much attention of the researchers and the hair follicles represent an attractive target site via topical applications. They are bordered by capillaries and antigenpresenting cells, connected to the sebaceous glands and the bulge region of the hair follicle anchors the stem cells. The nano lipid carriers have the propensity to penetrate through the skin via transcellular route, intracellular route and follicular route. It has been established that nano lipid carriers have the potential for follicular drug delivery and provide some advantages over conventional pathways, including improved bioavailability, enhanced penetration depth, fast transport into the skin, tissue targeting and form a drug reservoir for prolonged release. This review describes the pilosebaceous unit (PSU) and related diseases and the recent lipid-based nanotechnology approaches for drug delivery to the follicular unit as well as related issues. Different types of nano lipid carriers, including ethosomes, liposomes, nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), and nano lipid carriers (NLCs) have been reported for follicular drug delivery. Targeted drug delivery with nano-lipid carriers has the potential to augment the efficacy of drugs/bioactives to treat diseases of PSU. This review systematically introduces the activities of different formulations and the use of nano lipid carriers in treating PSU related disorders like alopecia, acne, and hirsutism.

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Sidharthakadi Lepa in Mukhadushika - A Clinical Study

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences (JAIMS) ◽

10.21760/jaims.v3i01.11631 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (01) ◽

Author(s):

Ravindra Angadi ◽

Rekha J.

Keyword(s):

Skin Disorder ◽

Acne Vulgaris ◽

Response To Therapy ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Pilosebaceous Unit ◽

External Application ◽

Acne Lesion ◽

Common Skin ◽

The Face ◽

Inflammatory Component

Background: Acne vulgaris is a very common malady of adolescents. It is common enough to be called as a physiological process but is better regarded as a disease due to its inflammatory component and the disfigurement. Acne vulgaris is a common skin disorder of pilosebaceous unit that primarily affects the face which if not treated leads to pigmentation. Mukhadushika is a Kshudra Roga which mainly involves Kapha and Vatadosa with Raktha. This is a common illness affecting 80 % of adolescents. Lepa is one of the external therapies explained in Ayurvedic classics. Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of Sidharthakadilepa in the management of mukhadushikaw.s.r. to acne vulgaris. Methods: 30 patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were selected. They were given Sidharthakadi Lepa for external application over face for one month. Patients were observed for changes on 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th day. The response to therapy was evaluated at the end of 28 days by calculating acne lesion score and the efficacy was determined by the percentage reduction in ALS. Results: The analysis revealed that 40% of patients had complete remission, 30% patients showed marked improvement and 30% showed moderate improvement.

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A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF 12 % GLYCOLIC ACID CREAM AND 10% AZELAIC ACID CREAM IN THE TREATMENT OF POST ACNE HYPERPIGMENTATION.

10.36106/paripex/8703306 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 34-35

Author(s):

Archana Rede ◽

Sanjay N. Agrawal ◽

Yoganand Kulkarni

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Azelaic Acid ◽

Glycolic Acid ◽

Acne Vulgaris ◽

Inflammatory Disorder ◽

Efficacy And Safety ◽

Common Complication ◽

Pilosebaceous Unit ◽

Inflammatory Lesions ◽

Chronic Inflammatory Disorder

Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the pilosebaceous unit that is associated with significant psychosocial repercussions. Post inflammatory hyperpigmentation is a most common complication seen after post acne. Therapeutic goal of treatment include promoting degradation of melanosomes and inhibiting their formation. Patient treated with Azelaic acid / Glycolic acid experienced of significant greater reduction in number of inflammatory lesions. This study focuses on the comparison of efficacy of 12% Glycolic acid and 10% Azelaic acid in treating post acne hyperpigmentation.

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The Pilosebaceous Unit: Toxicological and Pharmacological Aspects of Topical Agents

Toxicology ◽

10.1016/b978-0-08-023199-0.50032-1 ◽

1979 ◽

pp. 259-267

Author(s):

John S. Strauss

Keyword(s):

Pilosebaceous Unit

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THE PILOSEBACEOUS UNIT: TOXICOLOGICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF TOPICAL AGENTS

Abstracts ◽

10.1016/b978-0-08-023768-8.52097-1 ◽

1978 ◽

pp. 801

Author(s):

John S. Strauss

Keyword(s):

Pilosebaceous Unit

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Contribution of GATA6 to homeostasis of the human upper pilosebaceous unit and acne pathogenesis

Nature Communications ◽

10.1038/s41467-020-18784-z ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Bénédicte Oulès ◽

Christina Philippeos ◽

Joe Segal ◽

Matthieu Tihy ◽

Matteo Vietri Rudan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Production ◽

Inflammatory Skin Disease ◽

Pilosebaceous Unit ◽

Junctional Zone ◽

Normal Human Skin ◽

Keratinocyte Proliferation ◽

Proliferation And Differentiation ◽

Tgfβ Signalling ◽

Normal Human ◽

Pathological Event

Abstract Although acne is the most common human inflammatory skin disease, its pathogenic mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Here we show that GATA6, which is expressed in the upper pilosebaceous unit of normal human skin, is down-regulated in acne. GATA6 controls keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation to prevent hyperkeratinisation of the infundibulum, which is the primary pathological event in acne. When overexpressed in immortalised human sebocytes, GATA6 triggers a junctional zone and sebaceous differentiation program whilst limiting lipid production and cell proliferation. It modulates the immunological repertoire of sebocytes, notably by upregulating PD-L1 and IL10. GATA6 expression contributes to the therapeutic effect of retinoic acid, the main treatment for acne. In a human sebaceous organoid model GATA6-mediated down-regulation of the infundibular differentiation program is mediated by induction of TGFβ signalling. We conclude that GATA6 is involved in regulation of the upper pilosebaceous unit and may be an actionable target in the treatment of acne.

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