Provisions for Climate Change in Structural Design Standards

2021 ◽  
pp. 429-446
Author(s):  
Johan Retief ◽  
Celeste Viljoen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Design Standards

The Development of the New Volvo Class

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Britton Ward ◽  
Chris Cochran
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Manufacturing Technology ◽  
Design Standards ◽  
Control Procedures ◽  
Dramatic Shift ◽  
Construction Efficiency

For the 2014-15 Volvo Ocean Race, the organizing authority made a dramatic shift in direction for the next two editions of the race opting to move to a smaller, less expensive yacht built to exceptionally strict one design standards. This paper outlines some of the motivations for this shift and details some of the critical features of the new Volvo Ocean 65 design and how they compare to solutions on the previous Volvo Open 70 yachts. Discussion of the logistical complexities involved in building the fleet of boats in the required time is also discussed. A review of the structural design is included to illustrate the efforts to improve construction efficiency, reduce cost and dramatically improve robustness of the yacht structures while minimizing the weight additions that result. Finally we review some of the extensive quality control procedures and manufacturing technology that has been employed in an effort to achieve a fleet of one design yachts that are as identical as possible.

Recent developments in timber engineering

1983 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 722-739
Author(s):  
Borg Madsen ◽  
Robert Sexsmith
Keyword(s):  
Structural Design ◽  
Design Standards ◽  
Limit States ◽  
Design Engineers ◽  
Major Scale ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Structural Engineers ◽  
Timber Engineering

Wood is one of the world's most commonly used structural materials, but structural engineers do not become involved with it as often as with steel and concrete. They can, however, do so on a major scale, as there are very important structures of engineered wood. Structural design in wood is therefore of interest to designers; it is covered by several design standards and is the subject of research in many universities and government sponsored institutions in Canada and elsewhere.This discussion is directed to practicing design engineers seeking knowledge regarding structural design and behaviour in wood but who are not deeply involved with research or code development. It is intended as an up-date to illustrate the role of wood in structures, recent improvements in understanding its behaviour, and trends in design standards as they move to the limit states design format.

Structural design and globalization – the particular case of bridge construction equipment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
José M. S. Soares ◽  
Pedro Pacheco ◽  
Hugo Coelho ◽  
André Resende ◽  
Diogo Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Design ◽  
Structural Engineering ◽  
Structural Safety ◽  
Construction Equipment ◽  
Bridge Construction ◽  
Design Standards ◽  
Developing Regions ◽  
Satisfactory Outcome ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Design Construction

<p>Structural safety may be seen as an outcome of 3 major factors: Design, Construction/Erection and Materials. Each of these factors is usually governed by specific standards. In order to reach a satisfactory outcome, the standards should ideally be coherent and complementary. In the regions that led the development of structural engineering (US, Europe, Japan) it took decades to develop articulated standards and this development is still ongoing – for instance, improvement of materials and quality control promote material reduction, safety factors or even incorporation of new materials into design standards.</p><p>As globalization continues to accelerate, structural engineering companies simultaneously face global competition and new global opportunities. Challenges arise in situations in which Design, Construction and Materials’ standards are not governed by a common language or background. The use of large bridge construction equipment such as LG or MSS is widespread in Europe and North America. Increasing implementation of modern bridge construction processes in developing regions not yet familiarized with inherent construction equipment bring new challenges in terms of safety and standard harmonization. Some of these challenges are addressed in this paper. Main conclusions drawn in the end may be generalized to other design and construction activities.</p>

Optimum Structural Design of Naval Vessels

2003 ◽  
Vol 40 (03) ◽  
pp. 149-157
Author(s):  
Seo Seung II ◽  
Son Keon Ho ◽  
Park Myung Kyu
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Design Standards ◽  
Naval Vessel ◽  
Main Design ◽  
Optimum Structural Design ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Analysis Theory ◽  
The U.S

Naval vessels are not regulated by class rules, but by special regulations. This study introduces the concept and characteristics of the regulations of the U.S. Navy, which has been the most reliable in setting design standards of naval vessels and helps designers comprehend the effect of each regulation on design results. Also, an optimum structural design method combined with structural analysis theory is proposed for an actual naval vessel to be designed according to U.S. Navy regulations. The validity of the proposed method is shown by the optimum design results for the midship section. The optimum spacings of longitudinal and transverse web frames are found, and the effect of the main design variables is investigated.

Testing Procedure for Timber Strength Grading

2015 ◽  
Vol 660 ◽  
pp. 180-185
Author(s):  
Dorina Nicolina Isopescu ◽  
Oana Neculai
Keyword(s):  
Structural Design ◽  
Strength Class ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Testing Procedure ◽  
Grading System ◽  
Design Standards ◽  
Timber Products ◽  
Characteristic Values ◽  
European Standards

Despite the variability and particularities that the timber reveals, the strength class grading system has been developed to meet the need to correlate structural design standards with quality standards for timber products. The paper presents the standardised approaches for determining the characteristic values of properties for timber products, with the purpose of classifying the material according to the strength classes system presented in European standards.

Discussion on Structural Design of O-Ring Seal Used in Aviation 28MPa Hydraulic System

2015 ◽  
Vol 779 ◽  
pp. 88-94
Author(s):  
Qing He Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Structural Design ◽  
Hydraulic System ◽  
Design Calculation ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
Design Standards ◽  
Design Engineers ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Ring Seal ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Sealing Materials

Most of China's newly developed fighters are equipped with 28MPa hydraulic system rather than previous 21MPa hydraulic system since introduction of Russian S27 fighter production line. However, there is no truly applicable design standard guiding the sealing design of 28MPa hydraulic products in aviation applications although 28MPa hydraulic system has been applied in China's fielded fighters for quite a long time. In this article, the sealing standards both abroad and home and the sealing materials used by world-famous seal manufacturers are respectively investigated. In addition, calculation methods and allowable limits are recommended for the tensile and compression rate used in design calculation for sealing structure. All these recommended values can be referenced by sealing design engineers before China's high pressure sealing design standards are implemented.

scholarly journals STRUCTURAL DESIGN ASPECTS OF A COASTAL BUILDING CODE

1982 ◽  
Vol 1 (18) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
Ralph R. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Design ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Coastal Engineering ◽  
South Florida ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Building Code ◽  
Design Standards ◽  
Dune System ◽  
Design Considerations ◽  
The Impact

Since 1957, the State of Florida, U.S.A., has witnessed the evolution of coastal regulatory concepts based upon coastal engineering design guidance. In 1978, the Florida Legislature encouraged counties and municipalities to adopt coastal construction zoning and building codes to supplement the existing minimum codes which include the Standard Building Code, the National Building Code and the South Florida Building Code. Subsequently, coastal building code guidelines were developed to provide statewide uniformity in the adoption of supplemental codes by coastal counties and municipalities. It is the intent of this paper to present the structural design aspects required in a coastal building code using the code guidelines developed for and specifically applicable to Florida's coastal communities. These same design aspects and code guidance are applicable to most other state's or nation's developable sand shorelines which are subjected to coastal storm damage. The purpose of a coastal building code in Florida communities is to supplement the existing minimum code by providing the structural design standards for construction within that portion of the beach and dune system which is subject to substantial scour, erosion, flooding, and loads accompanying the impact of a major hurricane. A coastal building code includes structural design standards for the construction of residential structures, enclosed commercial structures, coastal and shore protection structures, and other substantial structures of a semi-permanent nature. Although the few minimum codes currently in effect in the coastal communities are comprehensive for conventional construction, they do not adequately address the special structural design considerations identified for the Florida coast. Along a developable coast, special design considerations are necessary for the preservation of the beach and dune systems, as well as, for the structural adequacy of the construction. The major concepts of coastal engineering design which are necessary in a coastal building code include: 1. Zone identification (horizontal and vertical). 2. Foundation design for erosion and scour. 3. Storm loading (including wind, waves, hydrostatic, and hydrodynamic loads).

scholarly journals Climate change adjustments in engineering design standards: European perspective

Water Policy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zbigniew W. Kundzewicz ◽  
Paweł Licznar
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Trend Detection ◽  
Design Standards ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Design Floods ◽  
Risk Cost ◽  
Risk Reduction Strategies

Abstract The European Commission Flood Risk Directive review shows that while many nations have embraced the concepts of flood risk management, there is still quite more to do in delineating risk–cost-effective measures and developing cost estimates and financing of those measures. Not mentioned are the necessary changes to existing design standards and protocols which will have to change in order to properly encompass climate change and variability, with associated uncertainties. Adjustments in engineering design standards and changes in hazards are examined, based on trend detection in observational records and projections for the future. Issues of urban and transport (motorways and railways) drainage design are also examined. Furthermore, risk reduction strategies are discussed. Finally, a way of accounting for non-stationarity in determining design precipitation and design floods is tackled. Climate change adjustments in engineering design standards, such as design precipitation and design floods, are reviewed via examples from Europe.

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