Climate Change Impact on Water Resources and Adaptation Strategies in the Blue Nile River Basin

2014 ◽  
pp. 389-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shimelis G. Setegn ◽  
Assefa M. Melesse ◽  
David Rayner ◽  
Bijan Dargahi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Climate Change Impact ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Nile River ◽  
Blue Nile ◽  
Change Impact ◽  
Nile River Basin ◽  
Blue Nile River Basin

scholarly journals Climate change impact on river flow extremes in the Upper Blue Nile River basin

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 759-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadush K. Meresa ◽  
Mulusew T. Gatachew
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Climate Change Impact ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Nile River ◽  
Hydrological Models ◽  
Hydrological Extremes ◽  
Dry Spell ◽  
Change Impact ◽  
Blue Nile River Basin

Abstract This paper aims to study climate change impact on the hydrological extremes and projected precipitation extremes in far future (2071–2100) period in the Upper Blue Nile River basin (UBNRB). The changes in precipitation extremes were derived from the most recent AFROCORDEX climate data base projection scenarios compared to the reference period (1971–2000). The climate change impacts on the hydrological extremes were evaluated using three conceptual hydrological models: GR4 J, HBV, and HMETS; and two objective functions: NSE and LogNSE. These hydrological models are calibrated and validated in the periods 1971–2000 and 2001–2010, respectively. The results indicate that the wet/dry spell will significantly decrease/increase due to climate change in some sites of the region, while in others, there is increase/decrease in wet/dry spell but not significantly, respectively. The extreme river flow will be less attenuated and more variable in terms of magnitude, and more irregular in terms of seasonal occurrence than at present. Low flows are projected to increase most prominently for lowland sites, due to the combined effects of projected decreases in Belg and Bega precipitation, and projected increases in evapotranspiration that will reduce residual soil moisture in Bega and Belg seasons.

scholarly journals Analysis of combined and isolated effects of land-use and land-cover changes and climate change on the upper Blue Nile River basin's streamflow

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 6187-6207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dagnenet Fenta Mekonnen ◽  
Zheng Duan ◽  
Tom Rientjes ◽  
Markus Disse
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Nile River ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Lulc Change ◽  
Blue Nile ◽  
Mk Test ◽  
Forest Coverage ◽  
Nile River Basin ◽  
Blue Nile River Basin

Abstract. Understanding responses by changes in land use and land cover (LULC) and climate over the past decades on streamflow in the upper Blue Nile River basin is important for water management and water resource planning in the Nile basin at large. This study assesses the long-term trends of rainfall and streamflow and analyses the responses of steamflow to changes in LULC and climate in the upper Blue Nile River basin. Findings of the Mann–Kendall (MK) test indicate statistically insignificant increasing trends for basin-wide annual, monthly, and long rainy-season rainfall but no trend for the daily, short rainy-season, and dry season rainfall. The Pettitt test did not detect any jump point in basin-wide rainfall series, except for daily time series rainfall. The findings of the MK test for daily, monthly, annual, and seasonal streamflow showed a statistically significant increasing trend. Landsat satellite images for 1973, 1985, 1995, and 2010 were used for LULC change-detection analysis. The LULC change-detection findings indicate increases in cultivated land and decreases in forest coverage prior to 1995, but forest area increases after 1995 with the area of cultivated land that decreased. Statistically, forest coverage changed from 17.4 % to 14.4%, by 12.2 %, and by 15.6 %, while cultivated land changed from 62.9 % to 65.6 %, by 67.5 %, and by 63.9 % from 1973 to 1985, in 1995, and in 2010, respectively. Results of hydrological modelling indicate that mean annual streamflow increased by 16.9 % between the 1970s and 2000s due to the combined effects of LULC and climate change. Findings on the effects of LULC change on only streamflow indicate that surface runoff and base flow are affected and are attributed to the 5.1 % reduction in forest coverage and a 4.6 % increase in cultivated land areas. The effects of climate change only revealed that the increased rainfall intensity and number of extreme rainfall events from 1971 to 2010 significantly affected the surface runoff and base flow. Hydrological impacts by climate change are more significant as compared to the impacts of LULC change for streamflow of the upper Blue Nile River basin.

scholarly journals Impact of climate change on the hydrology of Blue Nile basin, Ethiopia: a review

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1539-1550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gebre Gelete ◽  
Huseyin Gokcekus ◽  
Tagesse Gichamo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Nile River ◽  
Nile Basin ◽  
Blue Nile ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Blue Nile Basin ◽  
Blue Nile River Basin ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Climate change alters the spacial and temporal availability of water resources by affecting the hydrologic cycle. The main objective of this paper is to review the climate change effect on the water resources of the Blue Nile River, Ethiopia. The impact of climate change on water resources is highly significant as all natural ecosystems and humans are heavily dependent on water. It alters precipitation, temperature, and streamflow of the Blue Nile river basin which is threatening the lives and livelihoods of people and life-supporting systems. Rainfall within the Blue Nile river basin is highly erratic and seasonal due to it being located in the inter-tropical convergent zone. The temperature and sediment load are shown to increase in the future while the rainfall and streamflow are decreasing. The Blue Nile basin is characterized by highly erosive rainfall, erodible soil, and shrinking forest cover. Therefore, mitigation and adaptation measures should be applied by considering these characteristics of the basin. Watershed management methods like afforestation and water conservation are recommended to reduce the impact on the Blue Nile basin.

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