Stem Cells in Growth and Development of the Human Fetus

2016 ◽  
pp. 267-275
Author(s):  
Phuc Van Pham
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Human Fetus ◽  
Growth And Development

scholarly journals Stem Cells: Growth and Development…in Policy

BioScience ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (9) ◽  
pp. 744-744
Author(s):  
Jenna Jadin
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Growth And Development

impact of donor nutritional balance on the growth and development of mesenchymal stem cells from caprine umbilical cord Wharton´s jelly

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Paula Martins Alves ◽  
Rafael Rossetto ◽  
César Carneiro Linhares Fernandes ◽  
Assis Rubens Montenegro ◽  
Iolly Tábata Oliveira Marques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Nutritional Balance

Analyzing the Broadening Scope of Patentability in the Advancing Field of Biotechnology

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Downing
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Patent Protection ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Biotechnology Industry ◽  
Patent Law ◽  
Patent System ◽  
Legislative History ◽  
Public Debates

The current U.S. patent system is considered to provide the broadest patent protection of all patent systems in existence, especially with respect to the biotechnology industry. Advances in science and technology have been key contributors to the growth and development of legislation controlling patent law. With these advancements have come vivid public debates on the morality of research with embryonic stem cells and the fusion of human and animal DNA to find cures for disease. Despite the rapid developments, the legislation controlling such research has been slow to progress. This paper will explore the legislative history surrounding biotechnology patents, focusing on the specific need for strong, adequate protection to promote the survival of the biotechnology industry.

scholarly journals Stem cells in Nanomia bijuga (Siphonophora), a colonial animal with localized growth zones

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Siebert ◽  
Freya E. Goetz ◽  
Samuel H. Church ◽  
Pathikrit Bhattacharyya ◽  
Felipe Zapata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Marker Gene ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Marker Gene Expression ◽  
Growth Zones ◽  
I Cells ◽  
Colony Level

Background: Siphonophores (Hydrozoa) have unparalleled colony-level complexity, precision of colony organization, and functional specialization between zooids (i.e., the units that make up colonies). Previous work has shown that, unlike other colonial animals, most growth in siphonophores is restricted to one or two well-defined growth zones that are the sites of both elongation and zooid budding. It remained unknown, however, how this unique colony growth and development is realized at the cellular level. Results: To understand the colony-level growth and development of siphonophores at the cellular level, we characterize the distribution of proliferating cells and interstitial stem cells (i-cells) in the siphonophore Nanomia bijuga. Within the colony we find that i-cells are present at the tip of the horn, the structure within the growth zone that gives rise to new zooids. They persist in the youngest zooid buds, but as each zooid matures i-cells become progressively restricted to specific regions within the zooids until they are mostly absent from the oldest zooids. I-cell marker-gene expression remained in gametogenic regions. I-cells are not found in the stem between maturing zooids. Domains of high cell proliferation include regions where i-cells can be found, but also include some areas without i-cells such as the stem within the growth zones. Cell proliferation in regions devoid of marker gene expression indicates the presence of mitotically active epithelial cell lineages and, potentially, progenitor cell populations. Conclusions: Restriction of stem cells to particular regions in the colony may play a major role in facilitating the precision of siphonophore growth, and also lead to a reduced developmental plasticity in other, typically older, parts of the colony. This helps explain why siphonophore colonies have such precise colony-level organization.

Growth and development of the human fetus prior to the twentieth week of gestation

1969 ◽  
Vol 103 (6) ◽  
pp. 789-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.M. Hellman ◽  
M. Kobayashi ◽  
L. Fillisti ◽  
M. Lavenhar
Keyword(s):  
Human Fetus ◽  
Growth And Development

scholarly journals High expression of BCL6 inhibits the differentiation and development of hematopoietic stem cells and affects the growth and development of chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongmei Li ◽  
Bowen Hu ◽  
Shang Hu ◽  
Wen Luo ◽  
Donglei Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
High Expression ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Atp Concentration

Abstract Background B-cell CLL/lymphoma 6 (BCL6) is a transcriptional master regulator that represses more than 1200 potential target genes. Our previous study showed that a decline in blood production in runting and stunting syndrome (RSS) affected sex-linked dwarf (SLD) chickens compared to SLD chickens. However, the association between BCL6 gene and hematopoietic function remains unknown in chickens. Methods In this study, we used RSS affected SLD (RSS-SLD) chickens, SLD chickens and normal chickens as research object and overexpression of BCL6 in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), to investigate the effect of the BCL6 on differentiation and development of HSCs. Results The results showed that comparison of RSS-SLD chickens with SLD chickens, the BCL6 was highly expressed in RSS-SLD chickens bone marrow. The bone marrow of RSS-SLD chickens was exhausted and red bone marrow was largely replaced by yellow bone marrow, bone density was reduced, and the levels of immature erythrocytes in peripheral blood were increased. At the same time, the hematopoietic function of HSCs decreased in RSS-SLD chickens, which was manifested by a decrease in the hematopoietic growth factors (HGFs) EPO, SCF, TPO, and IL-3, as well as hemoglobin α1 and hemoglobin β expression. Moreover, mitochondrial function in the HSCs of RSS-SLD chickens was damaged, including an increase in ROS production, decrease in ATP concentration, and decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). The same results were also observed in SLD chickens compared with normal chickens; however, the symptoms were more serious in RSS-SLD chickens. Additionally, after overexpression of the BCL6 in primary HSCs, the secretion of HGFs (EPO, SCF, TPO and IL-3) was inhibited and the expression of hemoglobin α1 and hemoglobin β was decreased. However, cell proliferation was accelerated, apoptosis was inhibited, and the HSCs entered a cancerous state. The function of mitochondria was also abnormal, ROS production was decreased, and ATP concentration and ΔΨm were increased, which was related to the inhibition of apoptosis of stem cells. Conclusions Taken together, we conclude that the high expression of BCL6 inhibits the differentiation and development of HSCs by affecting mitochondrial function, resulting in impaired growth and development of chickens. Moreover, the abnormal expression of BCL6 might be a cause of the clinical manifestations of chicken comb, pale skin, stunted growth and development, and the tendency to appear RSS in SLD chickens.

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