Laws, Institutional Arrangements, and Policy Instruments

2018 ◽  
pp. 41-64
Author(s):  
Rosalie Arcala Hall ◽  
Corazon L. Abansi ◽  
Joy C. Lizada
Keyword(s):  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Institutional Arrangements

scholarly journals Building relational capacities from institutional arrangements: lessons based on the construction of Salvador's subway system

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (b) ◽  
pp. 78-115
Author(s):  
Victor Bastos Lima ◽  
José Carlos Vaz
Keyword(s):  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
State Agency ◽  
State Agencies ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Infrastructure Policy ◽  
Subway System ◽  
Condition State ◽  
Relational Capacities

This article aims to study the construction process of the subway system in the Brazilian cities of Salvador and Lauro de Freitas, investigating the constraints of state agencies to build this subway infrastructure. By examining the structures created to produce this urban infrastructure policy, this paper tries to explain how institutional arrangements of public policies condition state agency, in other words, how they enhance or undermine the formation of policy capacities to deliver subway infrastructure. The qualitative analysis of the data suggests that the design of institutional arrangements and their change influence the availability and mobilization of actors, resources, competences and policy instruments towards the promotion of efficacy and legitimacy in this policy.

scholarly journals Building relational capacities from institutional arrangements: lessons based on the construction of Salvador's subway system

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 78-115
Author(s):  
Victor Bastos Lima ◽  
José Carlos Vaz
Keyword(s):  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
State Agency ◽  
State Agencies ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Infrastructure Policy ◽  
Subway System ◽  
Condition State ◽  
Relational Capacities

This article aims to study the construction process of the subway system in the Brazilian cities of Salvador and Lauro de Freitas, investigating the constraints of state agencies to build this subway infrastructure. By examining the structures created to produce this urban infrastructure policy, this paper tries to explain how institutional arrangements of public policies condition state agency, in other words, how they enhance or undermine the formation of policy capacities to deliver subway infrastructure. The qualitative analysis of the data suggests that the design of institutional arrangements and their change influence the availability and mobilization of actors, resources, competences and policy instruments towards the promotion of efficacy and legitimacy in this policy.

scholarly journals From the Citizen’s Constitution to REDD+

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-73
Author(s):  
Rafael Jacques Rodrigues ◽  
Thiago de Araújo Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
Forest Protection ◽  
Co2 Equivalent ◽  
Public Policy Instruments ◽  
Reporting And Verification ◽  
Diverse Pattern

This article identifies forest and climate change public policy instruments in Brazil. The country created a complex network of forest protection, deforestation control policies and Measurement, Reporting and Verification (MRV) instruments, culminating with institutional arrangements for Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+). Brazil’s positions at the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) negotiations relied on a diverse pattern of leadership, blockage, and flexibility. Under the Warsaw REDD+ Framework, Brazil reduced 8,2 billion tons of CO2 equivalent (tCO2e) and received almost 1,4 billion American dollars as results-based payments, by the end of 2018.

Macroprudential Policy Instruments of Central Banks

2012 ◽  
pp. 32-47
Author(s):  
S. Andryushin ◽  
V. Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Risk ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Central Banks ◽  
Macroprudential Policy ◽  
Policy Studies ◽  
The Future ◽  
Financial Cycles

The paper analyzes central banks macroprudencial policy and its instruments. The issues of their classification, option, design and adjustment are connected with financial stability of overall financial system and its specific institutions. The macroprudencial instruments effectiveness is evaluated from the two points: how they mitigate temporal and intersectoral systemic risk development (market, credit, and operational). The future macroprudentional policy studies directions are noted to identify the instruments, which can be used to limit the financial systemdevelopment procyclicality, mitigate the credit and financial cycles volatility.

Institutions as the Ordering Factor and as the Destabilizing Force: New Institutional and Post Keynesian Perspectives

2006 ◽  
pp. 102-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Skorobogatov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Business Cycles ◽  
Institutional Theory ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
Economic Stability ◽  
Forward Contracts

The paper is dedicated to the New Institutional and Post Keynesian perspectives on institutions and their relation to economic stability. Embeddedness, institutional environment, and institutional arrangements are considered. Within these institutions conventional expectations, the economic policy and forward contracts are analyzed. Upon these perspectives the author shows a contradictory relation between institutions and the order and develops an institutional theory of business cycles.

Tax competition and the activity of the regional tax policy

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-27
Author(s):  
S. M. Drobyshevsky ◽  
N. S. Kostrykina ◽  
A. V. Korytin
Keyword(s):  
Tax Competition ◽  
Tax Policy ◽  
Fiscal Federalism ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Tax Incentives ◽  
Fiscal Autonomy ◽  
Tax Legislation ◽  
Tax Exemptions ◽  
Open Question ◽  
Regional Budgets

The problem of efficiency of regional tax expenditures is an actual issue of the fiscal policy and fiscal federalism in Russia. A large fiscal autonomy allows federal subjects to realize a more active tax policy to attract new investments. One cannot claim current fiscal powers of the Russian regions to be wide. However, not all the regions use even existing tax policy instruments. Moreover, out of the regions that use them only few provide incentives to stimulate investment decisions. Others use regional tax measures to support businesses that already have strong positions in the region. And it is an open question whether such tax incentives are efficient. On the other hand, an aggressive tax competition for investors can also be wasteful for regional budgets. In this paper, we calculate indicators that characterize the depth and scope of tax exemptions provided at the regional level. The calculations are based on the open tax statistics. Through the analysis of the tax legislation as well as the economic structure of selected regions, we reveal the inducements of their higher activity: federal regional tax policy, tax competition or benefits for budget-forming companies of the region.

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