scholarly journals Building relational capacities from institutional arrangements: lessons based on the construction of Salvador's subway system

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 78-115
Author(s):  
Victor Bastos Lima ◽  
José Carlos Vaz
Keyword(s):  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
State Agency ◽  
State Agencies ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Infrastructure Policy ◽  
Subway System ◽  
Condition State ◽  
Relational Capacities

This article aims to study the construction process of the subway system in the Brazilian cities of Salvador and Lauro de Freitas, investigating the constraints of state agencies to build this subway infrastructure. By examining the structures created to produce this urban infrastructure policy, this paper tries to explain how institutional arrangements of public policies condition state agency, in other words, how they enhance or undermine the formation of policy capacities to deliver subway infrastructure. The qualitative analysis of the data suggests that the design of institutional arrangements and their change influence the availability and mobilization of actors, resources, competences and policy instruments towards the promotion of efficacy and legitimacy in this policy.

scholarly journals Building relational capacities from institutional arrangements: lessons based on the construction of Salvador's subway system

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (b) ◽  
pp. 78-115
Author(s):  
Victor Bastos Lima ◽  
José Carlos Vaz
Keyword(s):  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
State Agency ◽  
State Agencies ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Infrastructure Policy ◽  
Subway System ◽  
Condition State ◽  
Relational Capacities

This article aims to study the construction process of the subway system in the Brazilian cities of Salvador and Lauro de Freitas, investigating the constraints of state agencies to build this subway infrastructure. By examining the structures created to produce this urban infrastructure policy, this paper tries to explain how institutional arrangements of public policies condition state agency, in other words, how they enhance or undermine the formation of policy capacities to deliver subway infrastructure. The qualitative analysis of the data suggests that the design of institutional arrangements and their change influence the availability and mobilization of actors, resources, competences and policy instruments towards the promotion of efficacy and legitimacy in this policy.

Women in Probation and Parole, 1974

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meyressa H. Schoonmaker ◽  
Jennifer S. Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Probation Officers ◽  
State Agency ◽  
Title Vii ◽  
State Agencies ◽  
Civil Rights Act ◽  
Probation And Parole ◽  
Change In Practice ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
Probation And Parole Officers

A 1970 survey of women in probation and parole showed that only 20 states mixed caseloads of parole and probation officers. A survey of state agencies by means of a questionnaire directed. to the director of each state agency in January 1974 showed dramatic changes. The number of states allowing probation and parole officers to supervise clients of the opposite sex jumped to 46, with only four states holding out. The questionnaire results also show, not surprisingly, the low ratio of women employed in probation and parole. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the need for more qualified employees, and the inefficiency of caseload segrega tion have influenced changes in use of personnel. Although the change in practice to integrated caseloads is selective in some states and made with reservations in others, the response of one director of parole operations seems to capture the mood of inevitable change in practice and attitude: Civil Service says that his agency cannot discriminate against women and that a woman can do a "man's job" in all respects.

scholarly journals Funding, financing and governing urban infrastructures

Urban Studies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 1291-1303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter O’Brien ◽  
Phil O’Neill ◽  
Andy Pike
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Infrastructure Provision ◽  
Infrastructure Policy ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Empirical Material

This Special Issue aims to further understanding and explanation of the funding, financing and governing of urban infrastructure amidst its engagements with contemporary financialisation. Drawing upon empirical material from international cases from Europe, North America, Africa and Asia, it identifies critical issues to advance work in this area. These themes concern: the impacts of financialisation upon shifting the definitions and conceptualisations of urban infrastructure; the worth of adopting more actor-oriented and grounded approaches to financialisation; the importance of affording greater recognition to national and local states as the objects and agents of financialising relations, processes and practices; the substance and ramifications of the emergent informalisation of infrastructure policy-making and governance; and, the implications of financialisation for the evolving and uneven landscapes of urban infrastructure provision. The arguments are, first, that how infrastructure is funded, financed and governed is integral to explaining socially and spatially uneven infrastructural provision and its urban development ramifications; and second, the engagements of urban infrastructure with contemporary financialisation have become central in such accounts. Future research avenues are identified. These comprise: identifying exactly how revenues are generated from infrastructure assets; specifying the relations of financialisation with other processes such as ‘assetisation’, ‘marketisation’ and privatisation; extending the geographical and comparative reach of current studies; elaborating the spaces of regulation in negotiating and accommodating infrastructure financialisation; and, scrutinising the roles of decentralised powers and resources in financialising urban infrastructure and exploring its alternatives.

A Seismic Isolated Long-Span Overhanging Urban Infrastructure

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutaka Nakamura ◽  
◽  
Toshiaki Saito ◽  
Kazuo Tamura
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Soft Soil ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Structural System ◽  
Cage Structure ◽  
Long Span ◽  
Story Building ◽  
Base Isolators

The design and construction of a long-span, seismic isolated office building located in Tokyo and completed in October 2003, meets the needs of a sustainable urban environment. The 6-story building is 20 m × 80 m and uses a large-scale “trussed cage” structure, the upper part of which is supported on six base isolators on independent columns, creating an expansive area at ground level. The building’s seismic design uses artificial earthquake input movement taking into account the soft soil of the site and the frequency of Japan’s earthquakes. We detail the structural system and design concept, construction process, and health monitoring in the section that follow.

scholarly journals iDUC: Solution to Address Common Challenges of State Agency Drone Deployment

10.29007/5l52 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marchell Magxaka ◽  
Jason Lucas ◽  
Joseph Burgett
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft Systems ◽  
State Agency ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
State Agencies ◽  
Construction Planning ◽  
Aircraft Systems ◽  
Initial Survey ◽  
Collaborative Efforts

The use of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UASs), or drones, have been widely documented with benefits for many agencies and industries that deal with construction, planning, emergency management, and public safety. Many agencies that are currently using drones have limited resources and face challenges in their deployment. This research is examining the extent of those challenges among state agencies of South Carolina and how they may better be addressed through joint initiatives, enhanced communication, networking, and research. This paper documents an initial survey used to gauge drone use of different agencies throughout the state, common challenges that were identified, and strategies that are planned to address these challenges through future collaborative efforts.

An Assessment of State Regulatory Oversight of Pipeline Systems in Alaska

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dave Norton ◽  
Jennifer L. Owens ◽  
Gregory Annis
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
State Agency ◽  
State Agencies ◽  
Executive Order ◽  
Regulatory Oversight ◽  
Petroleum Systems ◽  
Minimum Requirements ◽  
Integrity Management ◽  
Oil And Natural Gas ◽  
Alaskan North Slope

Following pipeline leaks on the Alaskan North Slope in 2006, the state of Alaska, by executive order of the governor, responded by establishing the Petroleum Systems Integrity Office (PSIO) as the lead state agency responsible for oversight of the maintenance of facilities, equipment, and infrastructure for oil and natural gas resources in Alaska. The executive order identified three major activities for PSIO: • An assessment of Alaska’s oil and gas infrastructure integrity; • An assessment of current regulatory oversight in Alaska; and • A review of industry oversight efforts. The PSIO assessments identified infrastructure with indeterminate regulatory oversight. In addition, PSIO recommended improvements to facilitate efficient and effective regulatory oversight, including establishment of minimum requirements for operators’ integrity management systems and the coordination of data collection among agencies. The initial activity set of PSIO was completed and the oversight function closed in 2015. Future efforts to improve policies, systems, and methods of oversight will depend on executive direction, legislative support, and management emphasis within state agencies.

Urban statecraft: The governance of transport infrastructures in African cities

Urban Studies ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 004209802110281
Author(s):  
Liza Rose Cirolia ◽  
Jesse Harber
Keyword(s):  
Urban Governance ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Bus Rapid Transit ◽  
State Agencies ◽  
African Cities ◽  
Service Delivery Systems ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
National Road ◽  
Urban State

Through the lens of infrastructure governance, this article explores the configurations and operations of the urban state in sub-Saharan Africa. We deploy and extend the concept of ‘statecraft’, drawing on the recent scholarship within urban studies which explores city and municipal statecraft. Consolidating insights across several studies on transport governance in African cities, we identify three ‘sites’ of urban statecraft evident in urban Africa. First, we look at sectoral authorities, which we analyse through the common experience of ringfenced national road agencies. Carving off urban functions can fragment power over urban infrastructure. Second, we look at metropolitan authorities, which we analyse through bus rapid transit (BRT) agencies. Metropolitanisation crafts new scales of governance in Africa’s larger cities. Finally, we turn to the regulation of informal service delivery systems, which we analyse through popular transport regulation. The regulation of minibus and motorcycle taxis shows the central importance of everyday practice in urban statecraft in Africa. The case of transport governance provides a particularly vivid display of the institutional fragmentation that exists between state agencies and institutions in African cities. In this context, the urban state is not a static municipal entity, but is enacted through complex and multi-scalar relationships. These relationships relate not only to the assignment of functions or territorial design, but also to the practices which animate infrastructural systems. More generally, we argue that there is ample scope within the African urban governance debates for deeper interrogation of statecraft.

Policy Convergence in Banking: A Comparative Study

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D. Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Policy Making ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
The United States ◽  
State Agencies ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Policy Convergence ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Policy Goals ◽  
Banking Policy ◽  
Policy Communities

The relationship between global economic integration and policy convergence in banking is examined in five countries: Canada, France, Germany, the United Kingdom and the United States. Focusing upon policy styles and modes of policy-making, considerable convergence in membership of policy communities and some convergence in the organization of state agencies is found. When it comes to policy networks, there is more limited convergence on a corporatist mode of policy-making in banking. Policy style may not be as responsive to international economic changes as policy goals, policy content, and policy instruments.

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