Expenditure obligations of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation in the social sphere in the budget structure

One of the most pressing issues in financial law is the determination of the place of expenditure obligations for the social sphere in the structure of the regional budget. Expenditure obligations of a social orientation are legally fixed in the Budget Code of the Russian Federation, as well as in the legal acts of the subjects of the Russian Federation regulating budget relations for the financial year and the planning period. The analysis of the content characteristics of expenditure obligations in the social sphere and the practice of their consolidation in regional budgets, indicates the priority nature of their financing, as indicated by both conducted sociological studies and developed and tested methods, in particular, the assessment of the elasticity of expenditures on budget revenues.

Financial Stability of Regional Budgets in Conditions of Cyclic Development of the Russian Economy. Part 2

This article is devoted to financial stability assessment of regional budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the conditions of cyclical development of the national economic system. The authors identified the regional budgets of the following regions of the Russian Federation as objects of research: Rostov region, Republic of Kalmykia and Orel region. Financial and economic performance of the administration of budgets of these territorial units for the period 2010–2019, which are reflected in the previous article (Part 1) of the authors, were taken as the subject. The purpose of the article is to reflect the features of the practical application of the methodology presented by the authors for the analysis of changes in the financial stability of regional budgets of specific regions against the background of the impact of external economic forces (decrease in world energy prices, sanctions to Russian companies and entrepreneurs). The relevance of the research topic is connected with the demand for a high-quality and objective financial analysis of the budgets of specific regions of the Russian Federation against the background of the general economic crisis affecting all the main spheres of society, as well as negatively influencing economic and social policy, both at federal and regional levels. When making generalized assessments and conclusions about the dynamics of changes in the level of financial stability of the regional budgets of Rostov region, the Republic of Kalmykia and Orel region, the authors suggested a system of indicators characterizing the budget in the following main areas: budget efficiency, financial stability, as well as the balance of the revenues and expenditures of the regional budget. On the basis of analytical research, the authors found that regions characterized as financially stable have the following features: presence of a highquality and well-functioning process of planning and administration of the regional budget; effective use of the potential of region’s industrial resource base; active investment in projects, both promising, profitable, and socially significant. In the course of the study of regions with a low level of financial independence (the Republic of Kalmykia and Orel region), the authors noted that the consistently worsening economic sphere in the Russian economy leads to an acceleration of the rates of the degradation of social and economic situation of the entire region, thereby reducing financial opportunities of the corresponding budget, what consequently results in the decrease in the quality of life of the population of the regions under analysis.

State support of AIC technical modernization

The article examines the features of state support for technical re-equipment of the agro-industrial complex of the Samara region. The main activities, financed from the federal and regional budgets, aimed at the development of technical equipment for the agro-industrial complex, have been identified. The purpose of the study is to assess the existing system of state support for the renewal of agricultural machinery in the agro-industrial complex of the Samara region. It is necessary to solve the following tasks: - to analyze the state of the agro-industrial complex technical equipment in the Samara region; - to evaluate the support system for the agricultural machinery park modernization in the Samara region; - to identify the shortcomings of the state support existing system for the new equipment acquisition. The current trends in improving state support for the agro-industrial complex show that the authorities of the country and the region have come to understand the problem importance. The subsidies amount is constantly increasing, new areas of support appear. The state support new direction is developing - the modernization of the land reclamation system. The Spassky irrigation system restoration is the most important reserve for increasing agricultural production.

Regional budget policy: conceptual dominants and vectors of development

The paper is devoted to the implementation of regional budget policy in Ukraine. The main vectors of budget policy development as a component of socio-economic policy at the local level are highlighted. Within the framework of the declared budget policy, the peculiarities of the formation and functioning of local (regional) budgets are considered. The interpretation of the definitions of "budget" and "policy" is presented, and the author's definition of the essence of the budget policy of the region is offered. The conceptual dominants of budget policy, the implementation of which takes place through the budget mechanism, are studied. It is proved that budget policy is an important lever of influence and a real reflection of the tactics and strategy of public authorities and local governments in the budget sphere. It is substantiated that the effectiveness of the implementation of regional budget policy directly depends on the sequence of steps aimed at increasing the level of competitiveness of the regions and overcoming the existing regional disparities. On the basis of generalization of thematic researches and practice the offers concerning application of levers of budgetary regulation which define a level of efficiency of budgetary policy of region are formulated. It is stated that the content of the budget policy of the region should be to determine the course, tasks and activities of the state and local governments in the field of formation and use of budget funds. Full implementation of the budget policy of the region stimulates the functioning of economic activity of administrative-territorial units, promotes rational budget planning, as well as the effective filling, distribution and use of local financial resources.

Evaluation of E-Budgeting Implementation in Planning Budget in Maros Regency

Several Regional Governments then implemented E-Budgeting in the preparation of the budget. One region that has implemented E-Budgeting in preparing regional budgets is Maros Regency. The research in this paper was conducted by reviewing literature, articles and using secondary data with documentation from observations via the internet. The data was obtained by monitoring the government website and the application used by the Maros Regency Government in conducting the E-Budgeting process and then conducting a descriptive qualitative analysis. The results of the study show that evaluation of the implementation of the E-Budgeting System in Budgeting in Maros Regency can be stated that at this time the electronic-based budgeting system has been implemented well but has not been fully optimal in achieving the results and benefits, this can be seen in 6 (six) criteria in the evaluation, namely effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, equity, and responsiveness.

Estimation of factors affecting tax revenues to regional budgets

The purpose of this article is to identify and estimation of factors affecting tax revenues to the Russian’s regional budgets. The study identifies the following factors: gross regional product, average wage level, inflation rate, share of unprofitable organizations in the region, employment rate, share of agricultural sector, investment in fixed assets and share of exports. The model includes information on the areas of advanced socio-economic development in the region. The study is based on open data from 83 regions of the Russian Federation from 2010 to 2017, the total of 664 observations. Through the least-squares estimate of a model with fixed effects, a significant impact of the studied parameters is established. Thus, the paper identifies common features for all regions in the context of the analyzed indicators’ impact. The results of this study may be used in forecasting the revenue of regional budgets.

Regional budget heavy-subsidization determinants: Evidence from Russia

Subject. This article deals with the issues of identifying determinants that contribute to Russian depressed regions' overexposure to State aid. Objectives. The article aims to identify the basic determinants of increasing the level of high subsidy dependence of depressed regions of Russia. Methods. For the study, I used the methods of econometric stochastic analysis, time series, coefficients, and logical generalization. Results. The article reveals the key role of socio-economic component determinants, such as the standard of living, unemployment, fertility, in the formation and strengthening of subsidy dependence of depressed regions of Russia. Conclusions. The current development status of heavily subsidized regional budgets of Russia depends on the dynamics of transfer support directly. The standard of living of the population of the regions, tension in the labor market, and investment activity have a major impact on it. The solution of socio-economic problems can contribute to a gradual and systematic exit from the state of heavy subsidy dependence of the Russian depressed regions.

Assessing the effectiveness of regulation of inter-budgetary relations in the Russian Federation constituent entities in conditions of instability

Subject. This article considers the peculiarities of regulation of inter-budgetary relations in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the conditions of an unstable economic situation. Objectives. The article aims to form an approach to assessing the effectiveness of the distribution of transfers from regional budgets in current conditions. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of analysis and synthesis, analogy, comparison, and grouping. Results. The article offers recommendations for the formation and improvement of the approach to assessing the effectiveness of the distribution of intergovernmental fiscal transfers between municipalities. Conclusions and Relevance. The proposed approach to assessing the effectiveness of inter-budgetary relations in the region can help comprehensively assess the effectiveness of the provision and use of inter-budget transfers to municipalities. This makes it possible, if necessary, to promptly adjust the distribution of funds between municipalities in an unstable external environment. The proposed approach to assessing the effectiveness of the distribution of intergovernmental fiscal transfers between municipalities should be used in the activities of regional authorities in the development of relevant regulatory documentation, as well as in the practice of financial interaction between regional and local authorities.

Indeks Transparansi Pengelolaan Anggaran Daerah: Bagaimana Perkembangannya?

The purpose of this research is to measure the transparency of regional budget management (TPAD). This type of research is descriptive research, using documentation data collection techniques. The data analyzed is regional budget management data, which is obtained through observations on the official website of local governments in Indonesia. The results of the analysis show that the first rank of the TPAD index was achieved by the Provincial Government of West Sumatra, the second rank was occupied by the Provincial Government of Riau, and the third rank was occupied by the Provincial Government of South Kalimantan. In addition, it was also found that the average value of the TPAD index was 24.24 percent. This means that the overall level of TPAD is still classified as insufficient, in other words, the management of regional budgets in Indonesia is still very non-transparent. However, this study also shows that the TPAD index in Indonesia continues to improve from year to year.

Financial Stability of Regional Budgets in Conditions of Cyclic Development of the Russian Economy. Part 1

This article is devoted to a comparative analysis of the financial stability of the development of regional budgets of certain constituent entities of the Russian Federation – Rostov Region, Republic of Kalmykia and Orel Region in comparison with the dynamic fluctuations of Russia’s economic development over the period 2010–2019. The relevance of the research topic is due to the need to create a methodology for assessing the financial stability of regional budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The purpose of this scientific article is to study and test the methodology suggested by the authors for the analysis of financial stability of regional budgets of Russia in the process of cyclical changes in the financial and economic environment of the national economy, as well as to demonstrate its practical application. The regional budgets of such constituent entities of the Russian Federation such as Rostov Region, Republic of Kalmykia, which are part of the Southern Federal District, and Orel Region, which is a constituent entity in the Central Federal District, were selected as the objects of the study. The authors define the subject of research as a system of financial and economic indicators that characterize the implementation of regional budgets of territorial units under analysis in the period 2010–2019. The obtained statistical data for the regions under analysis will be used in the subsequent material for the tests of the suggested methodology. When choosing the criteria for the assessment of the independence of the regional budget, the authors rely on the fundamental budget parameters, including its effectiveness, financial stability and balance of the revenue and expenditure parts of the budget. When analyzing the dynamics of the level of stability of the regional budgets of Rostov region, Republic of Kalmykia and Orel region, it was found that the region with a more developed social and economic infrastructure is more comfortable with cyclical shifts in the national economy (with the least losses, both for further development prospects of the region and for the population living in this territory). For regions where the social and economic situation is deteriorating, economic crises in the country have a multiplier effect, increasing both the gap in comparison with the developed regions of the Russian Federation, and the degree of imbalance of the regional economy and finance.