Challenges and Opportunities for the Swiss Energy System in Meeting Stringent Climate Mitigation Targets

2018 ◽  
pp. 155-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelos Panos ◽  
Ramachandran Kannan
Keyword(s):  
Energy System ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities

scholarly journals Towards Scalable Economic Photovoltaic Potential Analysis Using Aerial Images and Deep Learning

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3800
Author(s):  
Sebastian Krapf ◽  
Nils Kemmerzell ◽  
Syed Khawaja Haseeb Khawaja Haseeb Uddin ◽  
Manuel Hack Hack Vázquez ◽  
Fabian Netzler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Semantic Segmentation ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Aerial Images ◽  
Potential Analysis ◽  
3D Data ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities

Roof-mounted photovoltaic systems play a critical role in the global transition to renewable energy generation. An analysis of roof photovoltaic potential is an important tool for supporting decision-making and for accelerating new installations. State of the art uses 3D data to conduct potential analyses with high spatial resolution, limiting the study area to places with available 3D data. Recent advances in deep learning allow the required roof information from aerial images to be extracted. Furthermore, most publications consider the technical photovoltaic potential, and only a few publications determine the photovoltaic economic potential. Therefore, this paper extends state of the art by proposing and applying a methodology for scalable economic photovoltaic potential analysis using aerial images and deep learning. Two convolutional neural networks are trained for semantic segmentation of roof segments and superstructures and achieve an Intersection over Union values of 0.84 and 0.64, respectively. We calculated the internal rate of return of each roof segment for 71 buildings in a small study area. A comparison of this paper’s methodology with a 3D-based analysis discusses its benefits and disadvantages. The proposed methodology uses only publicly available data and is potentially scalable to the global level. However, this poses a variety of research challenges and opportunities, which are summarized with a focus on the application of deep learning, economic photovoltaic potential analysis, and energy system analysis.

Modelling the impacts of challenging 2050 European climate mitigation targets on Ireland’s energy system

Energy Policy ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 169-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Chiodi ◽  
Maurizio Gargiulo ◽  
Fionn Rogan ◽  
J.P. Deane ◽  
Denis Lavigne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy System ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
European Climate

scholarly journals Two sides of the same coin?  The Energy Transition Potential in Global North and Global South Countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Schrutir Jain ◽  
Maarten Arentsen ◽  
Albert Molderink
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Global South ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Transition Potential ◽  
Global North ◽  
Zero Emission

Abstract Climatic changes have made transition to renewable energy essential. However, energy transition in the globalized world is challenged with diversification in culture, economic prowess, social development, and state structure. The global negotiations are always tough, among others, due to the split between the Global North (GN) and Global South (GS) countries. At the same time, the debates on how to deal with the inequalities in climate mitigation potential veils a thus far hardly acknowledged difference in energy transition potential and impact in the GN and GS countries. This paper, therefore, aims to contribute to bridging this knowledge gap by making a systematic comparative assessment of energy transition potential in the GN and GS with two regions as example cases. We analysed and compared energy scenarios in two regions in the world: Overijssel representing the GN countries and Matura representing the GS south countries. Both regions are similar in economic activities, but differ in demography and economic development. We analysed and compared the current energy system in both regions and two development scenarios towards 2050: the BAU scenario and the zero emission scenario. Despite the differences in starting position, the energy systems in both regions move towards each other in the longer term, but change pattern and costs differ. In both regions bioresources are the dominant renewable resource in an locally determined energy resource portfolio. However, the costs of getting into this longer term position are significantly higher in Matura than in Overijssel, whereas the general economic potential, as it looks in 2020, is worse in Matura. Our analysis therefore indicates that a renewable energy transition in the longer term can result in zero emission systems in both GN and GS countries, but with substantial differences in costs.

scholarly journals Energy System Models for City Climate Mitigation Plans—Challenges and Recommendations

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-28
Author(s):  
Burcu Unluturk ◽  
Anna Krook-Riekkola
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Model Development ◽  
System Optimization ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Scenario Development ◽  
Energy Transitions ◽  
Climate Action

AbstractMany cities around the world have adopted climate neutrality targets, and, to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions, they need climate action plans. Energy system optimization models (ESOMs) can be used as tools to support their energy transitions. ESOMs have been in use at the national level for several years and also have recently been used at the city level. Even though several researchers have focused on how city ESOMs can be developed, the literature lacks a discussion of the challenges that are faced in data collection during model development. In this paper, we share the challenges encountered in the model development, as well as in the scenario development and recommend practical solutions for overcoming these challenges. The following three challenges were identified and discussed in the model development process: (a) data availability and quality; (b) communication; and (c) knowledge and background of civil servants and researchers. The main challenges in the scenario development were: (a) parameter selection and (b) complexity. It was found that explanation of the terminology used in ESOMs, presentation of the model structure and preliminary base-year results were crucial actions for overcoming challenges during model development. During the scenario development, collaboration between modelers and civil servants when reviewing parameter combinations and working with preliminary scenario results were decisive strategies for improving the civil servants’ understanding of ESOMs. Complementarily, it was found that continuous communication between the researcher and the civil servant and good comprehension of the model on the municipality's side helped improve the usefulness of ESOMs in cities’ energy transitions.

Smart Infrastructure: Innovative Energy Technology, Climate Mitigation, and Consumer Protection in Australia and Germany

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Godden ◽  
Anne Kallies
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Consumer Protection ◽  
Electricity Markets ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Smart Infrastructure

‘Smart infrastructure’, such as smart meters, are innovative, information-based energy technologies designed to promote systemic energy efficiency, cost savings, and to transition energy markets toward sustainable outcomes, including reducing climate change impacts. Smart meters promise innovation in electricity markets–as an enabler of demand-side services and a more distributed energy system. The chapter examines three case studies of legal reform for smart meter introduction in Australia and Germany. It concludes that the realization of the innovation promise of smart infrastructure requires the legal system to address consumer-oriented social and economic changes. While legal responses are growing in sophistication, significant questions around consumer protection remain, although Germany emphasizes consumer privacy more than Australian case studies. Finally, Germany most closely links innovation to climate change and electricity system transitions, whereas, increasingly, Australian policies emphasize the consumer benefits and innovation in the business models for electricity distribution.

scholarly journals The Role of Green and Blue Hydrogen in the Energy Transition—A Technological and Geopolitical Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 298
Author(s):  
Michel Noussan ◽  
Pier Paolo Raimondi ◽  
Rossana Scita ◽  
Manfred Hafner
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Generation ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
International Consensus ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Hydrogen Supply ◽  
Zero Carbon ◽  
Generation Costs

Hydrogen is currently enjoying a renewed and widespread momentum in many national and international climate strategies. This review paper is focused on analysing the challenges and opportunities that are related to green and blue hydrogen, which are at the basis of different perspectives of a potential hydrogen society. While many governments and private companies are putting significant resources on the development of hydrogen technologies, there still remains a high number of unsolved issues, including technical challenges, economic and geopolitical implications. The hydrogen supply chain includes a large number of steps, resulting in additional energy losses, and while much focus is put on hydrogen generation costs, its transport and storage should not be neglected. A low-carbon hydrogen economy offers promising opportunities not only to fight climate change, but also to enhance energy security and develop local industries in many countries. However, to face the huge challenges of a transition towards a zero-carbon energy system, all available technologies should be allowed to contribute based on measurable indicators, which require a strong international consensus based on transparent standards and targets.

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