Do the Igapó Trees Species are Exclusive to this Phytophysiognomy? Or Geographic Patterns of Tree Taxa in the Igapó Forest – Negro River – Brazilian Amazon

2018 ◽  
pp. 185-207
Author(s):  
Veridiana Vizoni Scudeller
Keyword(s):  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Negro River ◽  
Geographic Patterns ◽  
Igapó Forest

scholarly journals Periphytic Actinella Lewis (Ochrophyta, Bacillariophyceae) species from an Environmental Protection Area in the Brazilian Amazon

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luís Gustavo de Castro Canani ◽  
Rebecca da Silva Fraia ◽  
Sérgio de Melo
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Acidic Ph ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Negro River ◽  
River Region ◽  
Environmental Protection Area ◽  
Protection Area ◽  
First Time

Abstract Aim The aim of this study is to present the Actinella species found in periphytic samples collected from an Environmental Protection Area in Santarém (PA, Brazil), to comment on their morphology by comparing them with existing records, and to increase knowledge of the distribution of the genus in Pará State. Methods Ten periphytic samples were collected from seven sampling stations in the Alter do Chão Environmental Protection Area (Santarém, Pará, Brazil) in October 2015 and February and July 2016. Dissolved oxygen, pH, conductivity and water temperature were measured in the field at sites from which samples were collected in 2016. Samples were oxidized and analyzed by light microscopy. Results The sampled water bodies presented low conductivity and an acidic pH. We identified 12 Actinella taxa, several of which had originally been described from samples collected from the Amazon in the mid-20th century, mainly in the lower Tapajós River region. Actinella rionegrensis is recorded for the first time in the State of Pará, outside of its type locality (Negro River, near Manaus, AM, Brazil), and the species habitus (wisp-shaped colonies) is recorded for the first time. Conclusion Our results indicate that the Environmental Protection Area has been effective in conserving the aquatic ecosystem, since Actinella species identified in the mid-20 th century are still present. Taxonomic issues for some species of this genus need clarification and revision, since overlapping diagnostic features occur among species and with species belonging to the genus Eunotia.

scholarly journals Pinnularia caprichosa sp. nov.: a diatom from a black water Brazilian Amazon system

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 239 (3) ◽  
pp. 280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreia Cavalcante Pereira ◽  
Lezilda Carvalho Torgan ◽  
Ana Luiza Burliga ◽  
John Patrick Kociolek ◽  
Carlos E. Wetzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Middle Portion ◽  
Black Water ◽  
Negro River ◽  
Electron Microscopical ◽  
Scanning Electron

While possessing a remarkable diversity in the acidic and oligotrophic waters of the Amazon basin, the genus Pinnularia appears underdescribed in the region. In this study, we present light and scanning electron microscopical observations on Pinnularia caprichosa sp. nov. from Tupé Lake, a dendritic lake located on the floodplain of the Negro River basin. This new taxon has a large axial area and transapical striae that are slightly radiate to parallel and longer in the middle portion of the valve. The species was compared with Pinnularia elliptica, P. instabilis, P. lacunarum, P. montana, P. permontana and P. subflexuosa, all of which closely resemble P. caprichosa but differ from the new species in specific details of size, striae density and valve shape.

scholarly journals Morphological variation among populations of Hemigrammus coeruleus (Characiformes: Characidae) in a Negro River tributary, Brazilian Amazon

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrique Lazzarotto ◽  
Thiago Barros ◽  
José Louvise ◽  
Érica Pellegrini Caramaschi
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
Geometric Morphometric ◽  
Blackwater River ◽  
Ecological Selection ◽  
Negro River ◽  
Morphological Differences

ABSTRACT We explored patterns of phenotypic variation in Hemigrammus coeruleus from the Unini River basin, a blackwater river in the Brazilian Amazon. Geometric morphometrics was used to evaluate variation in body shape among populations from four tributaries (UN2-UN5). We found no evidence for sexual dimorphism in body size and shape. However, morphological differences among populations were detected as the analyses recovered significant groups corresponding to each sub-basin, with some overlap among them. The populations from UN2, UN3 and UN5 had more elongate bodies than fish from UN4. The most morphologically divergent population belonged to UN4, the tributary with the most divergent environmental conditions and the only one with seasonally-muddy waters. The morphological variation found among these populations is likely due to phenotypic plasticity or local adaptation, arising as a product of divergent ecological selection pressures among sub-basins. This work constitutes one of the first to employ a population-level geometric morphometric approach to assess phenotypic variation in Amazonian fishes. This method was able to distinguish subtle differences in body morphology, and its use with additional species can bring novel perspectives on the evaluation of general patterns of phenotypic differentiation in the Amazon.

scholarly journals Peacock bass mortality associated with catch-and-release sport fishing in the Negro River, Amazonas State, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 527-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario J. F. Thomé-Souza ◽  
Michael J. Maceina ◽  
Bruce R. Forsberg ◽  
Bruce G. Marshall ◽  
Álvaro L. Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Sport Fishing ◽  
Rural Regions ◽  
Catch And Release ◽  
Negro River ◽  
Amazonas State ◽  
Peacock Bass ◽  
River Fish

Sport fishing for peacock bass Cichla spp. in the Brazilian Amazon has increased in popularity and attracts anglers who generate significant economic benefits in rural regions. The sustainability of this fishery is partly dependent on the survival of fish caught through catch-and-release fishing. The objective of this work was to investigate, hooking mortality of Cichla spp., including speckled peacock bass (C. temensis Humbolt), butterfly peacock bass (C. orinocensis Humbolt), and popoca peacock bass (C. monoculus Agassiz) in the basin of the Negro River, the largest tributary of the Amazon River. Fish were caught at two different sites using artificial lures, transported to pens anchored in the river and monitored for 72 hours. A total of 162 individual peacock bass were captured and hooking mortality (mean % ± 95% confidence intervals) was calculated. Mean mortality was 3.5% (± 5.0), 2.3% (± 3.5) and 5.2% (± 10.2) for speckled peacock bass, butterfly peacock bass, and popoca peacock bass, respectively. Lengths of captured fish ranged from 26 to 79 cm (standard length), however, only fish under 42 cm died. This research suggests that catch-and-release sport fishing of peacock bass does not result in substantial mortality in the Negro River basin.

scholarly journals Catfishes as prey items of Potamotrygonid stingrays in the Solimões and Negro rivers, Brazilian Amazon

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 376-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akemi Shibuya ◽  
Jansen Zuanon
Keyword(s):  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Regional Diversity ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Negro River ◽  
Prey Items ◽  
Solimões River

In spite of the fact that catfish have rarely been reported as food items in the diets of freshwater stingrays, they are commonly observed in the stomach contents of species inhabiting the Solimões and Negro rivers in the Brazilian Amazon. The stomach contents of six rays from the Solimões River and 64 from the Negro River were analyzed, and catfishes (distributed among the families Callichthyidae, Cetopsidae, Doradidae and Loricariidae) were found in the stomach contents of four and 10 of these rays, respectively, comprising a frequency of occurrence of 20%. These data indicate a relevant participation of catfishes in the diets of potamotrygonid rays in the Amazon, and may reflect the regional diversity and abundance of Siluriformes in the region.

Pseudoparasitism by Calodium hepaticum (syn. Capillaria hepatica; Hepaticola hepatica) in the Negro River, Brazilian Amazon

2009 ◽  
Vol 103 (10) ◽  
pp. 1071-1073 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filipe A. Carvalho-Costa ◽  
Adriano Gomes Silva ◽  
Alberto H. de Souza ◽  
Carlos J. de C. Moreira ◽  
Daniela L. de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Capillaria Hepatica ◽  
Negro River ◽  
Calodium Hepaticum

scholarly journals Multiple evolutionary lineages for the main vector of Leishmania guyanensis, Lutzomyia umbratilis (Diptera: Psychodidae), in the Brazilian Amazon

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Margarete Scarpassa ◽  
Antônio Saulo Cunha-Machado ◽  
Ronildo Baiatone Alencar
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Isolation By Distance ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Amazon River ◽  
Evolutionary Forces ◽  
Negro River ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Brazilian Amazon Region ◽  
Leishmania Guyanensis ◽  
Evolutionary Lineages

AbstractLutzomyia umbratilis is the main vector of Leishmania guyanensis in the Brazilian Amazon and in neighboring countries. Previous biological and molecular investigations have revealed significant differences between L. umbratilis populations from the central Brazilian Amazon region. Here, a phylogeographic survey of L. umbratilis populations collected from nine localities in the Brazilian Amazon was conducted using two mitochondrial genes. Statistical analyses focused on population genetics, phylogenetic relationships and species delimitations. COI genetic diversity was very high, whereas Cytb diversity was moderate. COI genealogical haplotypes, population structure and phylogenetic analyses identified a deep genetic differentiation and three main genetic groups. Cytb showed a shallower genetic structure, two main haplogroups and poorly resolved phylogenetic trees. These findings, allied to absence of isolation by distance, support the hypothesis that the Amazon and Negro Rivers and interfluves are the main evolutionary forces driving L. umbratilis diversification. The main three genetic groups observed represent three evolutionary lineages, possibly species. The first lineage occurs north of the Amazon River and east of Negro River, where Le. guyanensis transmission is intense, implying that L. umbratilis is an important vector there. The second lineage is in the interfluve between north of Amazon River and west of Negro River, an area reported to be free of Le. guyanensis transmission. The third lineage, first recorded in this study, is in the interfluve between south of Amazonas River and west of Madeira River, and its involvement in the transmission of this parasite remains to be elucidated.

scholarly journals Ornamental fishing in the region of Barcelos, Amazonas: socioeconomic description and scenario of activity in the view of “piabeiros”

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 544-556
Author(s):  
D. S. Ladislau ◽  
M. W. S. Ribeiro ◽  
P. D. S. Castro ◽  
P. H. R. Aride ◽  
A. J. V. Paiva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Ornamental Fish ◽  
Ecological Knowledge ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Negro River ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Igapó Forest ◽  
Capture Techniques ◽  
Short Time

Abstract The Negro river basin is considered the largest area of extractive of ornamental fish in Brazil. This area has fundamental importance for the populations from the Amazon. The present study aimed to describe socioeconomic profile of ornamental fishermen known as “piabeiros” in the Municipality of Barcelos, as well as the ornamental fishery, fisheries area, target species, environments, fishing techniques, equipment, capture techniques and main difficulties faced by the current activity. This study was carried out in municipality of Barcelos, through semi - structured interviews, with artisanal ornamental fishermen (N= 89). The main families of ornamental fish caught and traded were: Characidae, Lebiasinidae, Gasteropelecidae, Cichilidae, Anostomidae, Loricaridae, Potamotrygonidae and Gymnotidae. The main catchment areas were igarapés, lakes, flooded fields, beaches, river banks and igapó forest. Rapiché was the most used equipment in the fisheries both by the fishermen of the urban areas (43.81%) and rural (41.89%). Most of the fishermen are associated with the colony of fishermen of Barcelos (Z33). The data showed that the dynamics of ornamental fishing have changed in a short time and directly affected fishermen, in addition to the low age renewal with the participation of younger fishermen, threatening the transmission of ecological knowledge to future generations. As a result, the increase of the problems related to the productive chain and absence of public power to the activity, since ornamental fishing has already been treated as one of the main economic activities more important for the local communities and for the State of Amazonas.

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