Methanogenic Archaea in Humans and Other Vertebrates: An Update

2018 ◽  
pp. 103-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Everly Conway de Macario ◽  
Alberto J. L. Macario
Keyword(s):  
Methanogenic Archaea

scholarly journals Microbial Diversity Dynamics in a Methanogenic-Sulfidogenic UASB Reactor

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1305
Author(s):  
E. Fernández-Palacios ◽  
Xudong Zhou ◽  
Mabel Mora ◽  
David Gabriel
Keyword(s):  
Paper Industry ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Methanogenic Archaea ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Long Run

In this study, the long-term performance and microbial dynamics of an Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactor targeting sulfate reduction in a SOx emissions treatment system were assessed using crude glycerol as organic carbon source and electron donor under constant S and C loading rates. The reactor was inoculated with granular sludge obtained from a pulp and paper industry and fed at a constant inlet sulfate concentration of 250 mg S-SO42−L−1 and a constant C/S ratio of 1.5 ± 0.3 g Cg−1 S for over 500 days. Apart from the regular analysis of chemical species, Illumina analyses of the 16S rRNA gene were used to study the dynamics of the bacterial community along with the whole operation. The reactor was sampled along the operation to monitor its diversity and the changes in targeted species to gain insight into the performance of the sulfidogenic UASB. Moreover, studies on the stratification of the sludge bed were performed by sampling at different reactor heights. Shifts in the UASB performance correlated well with the main shifts in microbial communities of interest. A progressive loss of the methanogenic capacity towards a fully sulfidogenic UASB was explained by a progressive wash-out of methanogenic Archaea, which were outcompeted by sulfate-reducing bacteria. Desulfovibrio was found as the main sulfate-reducing genus in the reactor along time. A progressive reduction in the sulfidogenic capacity of the UASB was found in the long run due to the accumulation of a slime-like substance in the UASB.

scholarly journals Iron corrosion by methanogenic archaea characterized by stable isotope effects and crust mineralogy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Tamisier ◽  
Matthias Schmidt ◽  
Carsten Vogt ◽  
Steffen Kümmel ◽  
Hryhoriy Stryhanyuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Isotope Effects ◽  
Methanogenic Archaea ◽  
Iron Corrosion

scholarly journals Oral Iron Supplementation—Gastrointestinal Side Effects and the Impact on the Gut Microbiota

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 491-502
Author(s):  
Sarah R. Bloor ◽  
Rudolph Schutte ◽  
Anthony R. Hobson
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Iron Supplementation ◽  
Methanogenic Archaea ◽  
Intravenous Iron ◽  
Oral Iron ◽  
Intestinal Lumen ◽  
Gastrointestinal Side Effects ◽  
Potential Link ◽  
The Impact

Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is a worldwide healthcare problem affecting approximately 25% of the global population. The most common IDA treatment is oral iron supplementation, which has been associated with gastrointestinal (GI) side effects such as constipation and bloating. These can result in treatment non-adherence and the persistence of IDA. Intravenous iron does not cause GI side effects, which may be due to the lack of exposure to the intestinal lumen. Luminal iron can cause changes to the gut microbiota, aiding the promotion of pathogenic species and decreasing beneficial protective species. Iron is vital for methanogenic archaea, which rely on iron for growth and metabolism. Increased intestinal methane has been associated with slowing of intestinal transit, constipation, and bloating. Here we explore the literature to understand a potential link between iron and methanogenesis as a novel way to understand the mechanism of oral iron supplementation induced GI side effects.

Occurrence of Methanogenic Archaea in Highly Polluted Sediments of Tropical Santos–São Vicente Estuary (São Paulo, Brazil)

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia Saia ◽  
Mercia Domingues ◽  
Vivian Pellizari ◽  
Rosana Vazoller
Keyword(s):  
Methanogenic Archaea ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Polluted Sediments

scholarly journals Methylofuran is a prosthetic group of the formyltransferase/hydrolase complex and shuttles one-carbon units between two active sites

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (51) ◽  
pp. 25583-25590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jethro L. Hemmann ◽  
Tristan Wagner ◽  
Seigo Shima ◽  
Julia A. Vorholt
Keyword(s):  
Active Sites ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Methanogenic Archaea ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Strong Interactions ◽  
Prosthetic Group ◽  
Additional Function ◽  
Amide Bonds ◽  
Consecutive Reactions ◽  
The One

Methylotrophy, the ability of microorganisms to grow on reduced one-carbon substrates such as methane or methanol, is a feature of various bacterial species. The prevailing oxidation pathway depends on tetrahydromethanopterin (H4MPT) and methylofuran (MYFR), an analog of methanofuran from methanogenic archaea. Formyltransferase/hydrolase complex (Fhc) generates formate from formyl-H4MPT in two consecutive reactions where MYFR acts as a carrier of one-carbon units. Recently, we chemically characterized MYFR from the model methylotrophMethylorubrum extorquensand identified an unusually long polyglutamate side chain of up to 24 glutamates. Here, we report on the crystal structure of Fhc to investigate the function of the polyglutamate side chain in MYFR and the relatedness of the enzyme complex with the orthologous enzymes in archaea. We identified MYFR as a prosthetic group that is tightly, but noncovalently, bound to Fhc. Surprisingly, the structure of Fhc together with MYFR revealed that the polyglutamate side chain of MYFR is branched and contains glutamates with amide bonds at both their α- and γ-carboxyl groups. This negatively charged and branched polyglutamate side chain interacts with a cluster of conserved positively charged residues of Fhc, allowing for strong interactions. The MYFR binding site is located equidistantly from the active site of the formyltransferase (FhcD) and metallo-hydrolase (FhcA). The polyglutamate serves therefore an additional function as a swinging linker to shuttle the one-carbon carrying amine between the two active sites, thereby likely increasing overall catalysis while decreasing the need for high intracellular MYFR concentrations.

scholarly journals Postinoculation Protozoan Establishment and Association Patterns of Methanogenic Archaea in the Ovine Rumen

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (14) ◽  
pp. 4609-4618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Ohene-Adjei ◽  
Ronald M. Teather ◽  
Michael Ivan ◽  
Robert J. Forster
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Methanogenic Archaea ◽  
Type A ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Association Patterns ◽  
Clone Libraries ◽  
Symbiotic Relationships ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Association patterns between archaea and rumen protozoa were evaluated by analyzing archaeal 16S rRNA gene clone libraries from ovine rumen inoculated with different protozoa. Five protozoan inoculation treatments, fauna free (negative control), holotrich and cellulolytic protozoa, Isotricha and Dasytricha spp., Entodinium spp., and total fauna (type A) were tested. We used denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, quantitative PCR, and phylogenetic analysis to evaluate the impact of the protozoan inoculants on the respective archaeal communities. Protozoan 18S ribosomal DNA clone libraries were also evaluated to monitor the protozoal population that was established by the inoculation. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that archaeal clones associated with the fauna-free, the Entodinium, and the type A inoculations clustered primarily with uncultured phylotypes. Polyplastron multivesiculatum was the predominant protozoan strain established by the holotrich and cellulolytic protozoan treatment, and this resulted predominantly in archaeal clones affiliated with uncultured and cultured methanogenic phylotypes (Methanosphaera stadtmanae, Methanobrevibacter ruminantium, and Methanobacterium bryantii). Furthermore, the Isotricha and Dasytricha inoculation treatment resulted primarily in archaeal clones affiliated with Methanobrevibacter smithii. This report provides the first assessment of the influence of protozoa on archaea within the rumen microbial community and provides evidence to suggest that different archaeal phylotypes associate with specific groups of protozoa. The observed patterns may be linked to the evolution of commensal and symbiotic relationships between archaea and protozoa in the ovine rumen environment. This report further underscores the prevalence and potential importance of a rather large group of uncultivated archaea in the ovine rumen, probably unrelated to known methanogens and undocumented in the bovine rumen.

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