A Geometric Approach to Paradoxes of Majority Voting: From Anscombe’s Paradox to the Discursive Dilemma with Saari and Nurmi

Abstract During a cornering maneuver by a vehicle, high forces are exerted on the tire's footprint and in the contact zone between the tire and the rim. To optimize the design of these components, a method is presented whereby the forces at the tire-rim interface and between the tire and roadway may be predicted using finite element analysis. The cornering tire is modeled quasi-statically using a nonlinear geometric approach, with a lateral force and a slip angle applied to the spindle of the wheel to simulate the cornering loads. These values were obtained experimentally from a force and moment machine. This procedure avoids the need for a costly dynamic analysis. Good agreement was obtained with experimental results for self-aligning torque, giving confidence in the results obtained in the tire footprint and at the rim. The model allows prediction of the geometry and of the pressure distributions in the footprint, since friction and slip effects in this area were considered. The model lends itself to further refinement for improved accuracy and additional applications.

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Pathology image-based lung cancer subtyping using deeplearning features and cell-density maps

Electronic Imaging ◽

10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2020.10.ipas-064 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 (10) ◽

pp. 64-1-64-5

Author(s):

Mustafa I. Jaber ◽

Christopher W. Szeto ◽

Bing Song ◽

Liudmila Beziaeva ◽

Stephen C. Benz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Cell Density ◽

Majority Voting ◽

Training Set ◽

Density Maps ◽

Color Deconvolution ◽

Map Generation ◽

Density Map ◽

Pathology Image ◽

Whole Slide Images

In this paper, we propose a patch-based system to classify non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) diagnostic whole slide images (WSIs) into two major histopathological subtypes: adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). Classifying patients accurately is important for prognosis and therapy decisions. The proposed system was trained and tested on 876 subtyped NSCLC gigapixel-resolution diagnostic WSIs from 805 patients – 664 in the training set and 141 in the test set. The algorithm has modules for: 1) auto-generated tumor/non-tumor masking using a trained residual neural network (ResNet34), 2) cell-density map generation (based on color deconvolution, local drain segmentation, and watershed transformation), 3) patch-level feature extraction using a pre-trained ResNet34, 4) a tower of linear SVMs for different cell ranges, and 5) a majority voting module for aggregating subtype predictions in unseen testing WSIs. The proposed system was trained and tested on several WSI magnifications ranging from x4 to x40 with a best ROC AUC of 0.95 and an accuracy of 0.86 in test samples. This fully-automated histopathology subtyping method outperforms similar published state-of-the-art methods for diagnostic WSIs.

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Geometric approach to nondestructive identification of faults in stochastic structural systems

AIAA Journal ◽

10.2514/3.13568 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 35 ◽

pp. 700-705

Author(s):

M. H. Sadeghi ◽

S. D. Fassois

Keyword(s):

Geometric Approach ◽

Structural Systems ◽

Nondestructive Identification

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The dependence of the majority voting decision-making probabilities on a multi-expert binary system experts number

Informatization and communication ◽

10.34219/2078-8320-2020-11-1-7-14 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 7-14

Author(s):

E. D. Avedyan ◽

Le Thi Trang Linh

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Binary System ◽

Conditional Probability ◽

Majority Voting ◽

Correct Solution ◽

Conditional Probabilities ◽

Analytical Results ◽

Independent Expert ◽

Mutually Independent

The article presents the analytical results of the decision-making by the majority voting algorithm (MVA). Particular attention is paid to the case of an even number of experts. The conditional probabilities of the MVA for two hypotheses are given for an even number of experts and their properties are investigated depending on the conditional probability of decision-making by independent experts of equal qualifications and on their number. An approach to calculating the probabilities of the correct solution of the MVA with unequal values of the conditional probabilities of accepting hypotheses of each statistically mutually independent expert is proposed. The findings are illustrated by numerical and graphical calculations.

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