Climate Control of Wood Formation: Illustrated for Scots Pine at Its Northern Distribution Limit

We revisit the distribution and natural history data of Tachymenis chilensis chilensis (Schlegel, 1837) in Argentina based on compiled and novel records, extending its northern and southern distribution from the previously known localities in Argentina. We recorded two prey items in Argentinean populations: Rhinella rubropunctata, reported for the first time, and Liolaemus pictus. Tachymenis c. chilensis is mainly found in forested habitats, generally near wetlands with abundant populations of amphibians. The latitudinal range occupied by T. c. chilensis in Argentina is similar to that in Chile, but its northern distribution limit reaches the lowest latitudes in Chile. This is probably due to the higher humidity levels in the western slopes of the Andes and the barrier effect of the highest mountain ranges in this area.

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A Gymnadenia frivaldii Hampe ex Griseb. újrafelfedezése areája északi határán (Keleti Kárpátok, Románia)=Rediscovery of Gymnadenia frivaldii Hampe ex Griseb. at its northern distribution limit (Eastern Carpathians, Romania)

Kitaibelia ◽

10.17542/kit.21.213 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Attila Bartók ◽

◽

Ann-Mária Csergő ◽

Ödön Balázs ◽

Bogdan-Iuliu Hurdu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Distribution Limit ◽

Eastern Carpathians ◽

Northern Distribution

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Expression of three phenylpropanoid pathway genes in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in open-pollinated families with differing relative wood densities during early and late wood formation

Silvae Genetica ◽

10.1515/sg-2015-0014 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 64 (1-6) ◽

pp. 148-159 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

K. Kanberga-Silina ◽

A. Jansons ◽

Dainis Rungis

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Wood Density ◽

Scots Pine ◽

Lignin Content ◽

Lignin Biosynthesis ◽

Wood Formation ◽

Phenylpropanoid Pathway ◽

Structural Development ◽

Late Wood ◽

Forestry Production

Abstract Wood volume and quality are the most important aspects of commercial forestry production, and studies of wood formation are important in order to increase the value and efficiency of forestry production. The phenylpropanoid pathway produces various compounds with diverse functions both for plant defence against biotic and abiotic stress as well as structural development. One of the main roles is monolignol production for lignin biosynthesis, which is a crucial aspect of wood formation. For this study three candidate genes involved in lignin biosynthesis were selected: phenylalanine ammonialyase (PAL1), cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) and cinnamoyl-CoA reductase (CCR). Candidate gene expression was analysed in selected individuals with high and low wood density from open-pollinated Scots pine families during early wood (EW) and late wood (LW) formation and correlation between expression of these genes, total lignin content, and wood density was determined. Wood density values for analysed trees were similar within tree families but differed significantly between families with high and low wood density (p=1,06E-20). Wood density was slightly negatively correlated with lignin content (r=-0.36, p=0.038), but only in individuals in the high density wood group. In trees with low wood density, expression of the CAD gene was significantly lower in late wood formation compared to early wood (p=0.00179). In trees with high wood density, expression of the PAL1 gene was five times higher during early wood formation compared to late wood formation. A positive correlation was detected between PAL1 and CCR gene expression during early wood formation (r=0.804) and late wood formation (r=0.466).

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First Record of the Plains Minnow, Hybognathus placitus, in Canada

The Canadian Field-Naturalist ◽

10.22621/cfn.v119i2.436 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 119 (2) ◽

pp. 219 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R. M. Sylvester ◽

S. E. Freeling ◽

C. R. Berry

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

First Record ◽

Distribution Limit ◽

Positive Identification ◽

Northern Distribution ◽

Field Identification

Seven Plains Minnows, Hybognathus placitus, Family Cyprinidae, were collected on 11 June 2003 from Morgan Creek, in Grasslands National Park, Saskatchewan, Canada. This collection is the first record of the species in Canada and extends the northern distribution limit of the species. Of 95 Hybognathus spp. collected at the site, only eight specimens were retained for positive identification because of the uncertain status of two conspecifics, the Western Silvery Minnow, H. argyritis, and the Brassy Minnow, H. hankinsoni, in Saskatchewan. Our findings should stimulate additional sampling to assess the identification and status of Hybognathus spp. in southwestern Saskatchewan. Accurate field identification of Hybognathus spp. remains an issue and collection of all specimens is recommended to accurately identify members within the genus.

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