Institutional Framework for Training of Specialists for Water Supply Sysytems

This chapter focuses on the institutional framework for water in India that has the presence of a number of institutions organized horizontally and vertically. The first section of the chapter explains the different models adopted by different states to create drinking water utilities. While water institutions are generally created on a sectoral basis, a recent trend has been to set up independent water regulatory authorities mainly to look after sectoral allocation and regulation of pricing. In this context, the second section reproduces one of the earliest and one of the very few laws to set up an independent water regulatory authority that is actually in force. The third section brings in legal instruments to set up institutions that promote private sector participation in a number of sectors including the water supply sector.

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Enumeration and Identification of Asbestos Fibres in Water

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010005264x ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. 526-527 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

O. Mudroch ◽

J. R. Kramer

Keyword(s):

Water Supply ◽

Water Samples ◽

Drainage Basin ◽

Lake Superior ◽

Research Work ◽

List Type ◽

The West ◽

Asbestos Fibre ◽

Amphibole Asbestos

Approximately 60,000 tons per day of waste from taconite mining, tailing, are added to the west arm of Lake Superior at Silver Bay. Tailings contain nearly the same amount of quartz and amphibole asbestos, cummingtonite and actinolite in fibrous form. Cummingtonite fibres from 0.01μm in length have been found in the water supply for Minnesota municipalities.The purpose of the research work was to develop a method for asbestos fibre counts and identification in water and apply it for the enumeration of fibres in water samples collected(a) at various stations in Lake Superior at two depth: lm and at the bottom.(b) from various rivers in Lake Superior Drainage Basin.

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Bacterial biofilm behavior in water-supply lines of dental units

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100124811 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 882-883

Author(s):

B.D. Tall ◽

K.S. George ◽

R. T. Gray ◽

H.N. Williams

Keyword(s):

Water Supply ◽

Medical Devices ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Bacterial Biofilm

Studies of bacterial behavior in many environments have shown that most organisms attach to surfaces, forming communities of microcolonies called biofilms. In contaminated medical devices, biofilms may serve both as reservoirs and as inocula for the initiation of infections. Recently, there has been much concern about the potential of dental units to transmit infections. Because the mechanisms of biofilm formation are ill-defined, we investigated the behavior and formation of a biofilm associated with tubing leading to the water syringe of a dental unit over a period of 1 month.

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