Role of High Concentrations of Ca, Cu, and Zn in the Maturation and Discharge in Situ of Sea Anemone Nematocysts as Shown by X-Ray Microanalysis of Cryosections
ABSTRACTWe tried direct oxynitridation of silicon surfaces by remote-plasma-exited nitrogen and oxygen gaseous mixtures at 700°C in a high vacuum. The oxynitrided surfaces were investigated with in-situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. With increase of the oxynitridation time, the surface density of nitrogen gradually increases, but that of oxygen shows nearly saturation behavior after the rapid increase in the initial stage. We also annealed the grown oxynitride and oxide films to investigate the role of the contained nitrogen. The desorption rate of oxygen from the oxynitride films is much less than that from oxide films. We confirmed that nitrogen stabilizes the thermal stability of these oxynitride films.
Structural and chemical changes during the sol–gel synthesis of silica using an ionic liquid are investigatedin situand simultaneously by X-ray scattering and μ-Raman spectroscopy.
Hydrogen storage in the solid state has shown increasing research and development, and recently an approach in mixing two hydride systems together by ball milling (reactive hydride composites) has been investigated in more detail, e.g. NaBH4 plus MgH2. Thermodynamic destabilization may occur by new compounds formation during dehydrogenation, e.g. MgB2. A study of the the role of O2/H2O contamination for the reaction 2NaBH4 + MgH2 ↔ 2NaH + MgB2 + 4H2 was conducted using in-situ X-ray powder diffraction. Desorption reaction is observed to begin by a competition of MgH2 and NaBH4 decomposition due to higher reactivity promoted by ball milling processing summed to O2/H2O contamination. Oxidation of NaBH4 into NaBO2 is observed to happen in higher degree than MgH2/Mg into MgO for the Na-Mg-B-H system.
Blade coating of mixed cation, mixed halide perovskite films is investigated using in situ X-ray scattering to investigate the role of formulations and processing routes and eliminate the need for anti-solvent dripping.
Role of Cerium Oxide in the Enhancement of Activity for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction at Pt–CeOx Nanocomposite Electrocatalyst - An in Situ Electrochemical X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Study
