Glycerol to Value-Added Glycerol Carbonate in the Two-Step Non-Catalytic Supercritical Dimethyl Carbonate Method

2011 ◽  
pp. 153-158
Author(s):  
Zul Ilham ◽  
Shiro Saka
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Carbonate ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Glycerol Carbonate

scholarly journals Synthesis of glycerol carbonate from dimethyl carbonate and glycerol using CaO derived from eggshells

2018 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 03045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanichaya Praikaew ◽  
Worapon Kiatkittipong ◽  
Kunlanan Kiatkittipong ◽  
Navadol Laosiripojana ◽  
Navin Viriya-empikul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Dimethyl Carbonate ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Catalyst Loading ◽  
Glycerol Carbonate ◽  
Glycerol Conversion ◽  
Carbonate Production

Waste eggshell is proposed as a highly active catalyst for glycerol carbonate production from dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and glycerol. The effect of reaction temperature, reaction time and catalyst loading on the reaction performance were investigated in order to find a suitable operating condition. CaO derived from waste eggshell exhibits catalytic activity comparable to commercial CaO. By using CaO eggshell, glycerol conversion of 96% can be achieved within 90 min of reaction time under 2.5:1 feed molar ratio of DMC to glycerol, 0.08 mole ratio of CaO to glycerol and reaction temperature of 60°C. The catalyst was examined by XRD, TGA/DSC, SEM, N2 adsorption-desorption and Hammett indicators method. Utilization of eggshell as a catalyst for glycerol carbonate production not only provides a cost-effective and value-added of waste eggshell as a green catalyst, but also decrease amount of waste and its treatment cost which is ecologically friendly.

CaO-catalyzed synthesis of glycerol carbonate from glycerol and dimethyl carbonate: Isolation and characterization of an active Ca species

2011 ◽  
Vol 401 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 220-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fidelis Stefanus Hubertson Simanjuntak ◽  
Tae Kyung Kim ◽  
Sang Deuk Lee ◽  
Byoung Sung Ahn ◽  
Hoon Sik Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Carbonate ◽  
Glycerol Carbonate ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

scholarly journals THE SYNTHESIS OF GLYCEROL CARBONATE FROM BIODIESEL BY PRODUCT GLYCEROL AND UREA OVER AMBERLYST 15

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reviana Inda Dwi Suyatmo ◽  
Hary Sulistyo ◽  
Wahyudi Budi Sediawan
Keyword(s):  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Equimolar Amount ◽  
Glycerol Carbonate ◽  
Glycerol Conversion ◽  
Renewable Fuel ◽  
Amberlyst 15 ◽  
High Boiling Point ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Catalyst Load

The growing utilization of biodiesel as a renewable fuel has generated a large surplus of glycerol as a major byproduct. The prices of glycerol continue to drop in such an oversaturated market. Therefore, new uses are being developed for glycerol to produce value-added chemicals. Among those chemicals, glycerol carbonate has many application in various fields. Glycerol carbonate is mostly used as a solvent in cosmetic and pharmacheutical industries due to its low toxicity, high boiling point, and low vapor pressure. The synthesis of glycerol carbonate from glycerol and urea using Amberlyst15 as a catalyst was being conducted in this study. The reaction was carried out using a batch reactor for 5 hours with the condition of the reaction temperature was around 120oC, mole ratios of reactant of urea:glycerol were 0.8:1, 0.9:1, 1:1, and 1.2:1 , catalyst concentrations were 2%, 2,5%, 3%, and 4%, and mixing speeds were 370 rpm, 525 rpm, and 700 rpm. It is found that the optimum conversion of glycerol was obtained at 120oC with 5 hours of reaction using an equimolar amount of glycerol and urea with catalyst load of 3%. Mixing speed did not affect glycerol conversion. Amberlyst15 as catalyst was also stable enough to be reused at least for three times.

scholarly journals Ionic liquids as eco-friendly catalysts for converting glycerol and urea into high value-added glycerol carbonate

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 336-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juanjuan Chen ◽  
Chang Wang ◽  
Bin Dong ◽  
Wenguang Leng ◽  
Jun Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Glycerol Carbonate

scholarly journals Recent Development of Heterogeneous Catalysis in the Transesterification of Glycerol to Glycerol Carbonate

Catalysts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji
Keyword(s):  
Heterogeneous Catalysis ◽  
Mixed Oxides ◽  
Earth Metal ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Glycerol Carbonate ◽  
Base Catalysts ◽  
Organic Bases ◽  
Alkaline Earth Metal Oxides ◽  
Valuable Product ◽  
Heterogeneous Base

Glycerol is one of the most crucial by-products in the production of biodiesel, and owing to its oversaturation in the market, several synthetic strategies have been developed to transform it into other higher value-added products such as glycerol carbonate, epichlorohydrin, 1,3-propanediol, etc. Amongst them, glycerol carbonate is considered to be the most valuable product. Considering the facile separation and reusability of catalyst, heterogeneous base catalysts have attracted considerable attention due to the obvious advantages over Brϕnsted acid and homogeneous base catalysts in the transesterification of glycerol. Herein, we will give a short overview on the recent development of the heterogeneous catalysis in the transesterification of glycerol with dialkyl carbonate. Focus will be concentrated on the heterogeneous base catalysts including alkaline-earth metal oxides (MgO, CaO, and mixed oxides), hydrotalcites, zeolites, clinoptilolites, organic bases, etc. Their catalytic mechanisms during the heterogeneous process will be elucidated in detail.

scholarly journals Heterogeneous synthesis of glycerol carbonate from glycerol and dimethyl carbonate catalyzed by LiCl/CaO

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 494-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Tang ◽  
YuYing Xue ◽  
Zhaoyi Li ◽  
Tianlan Yan ◽  
Rui Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Carbonate ◽  
Glycerol Carbonate
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