A Theory of Human Memory: Self-Organization and Performance of Sensory-Motor Codes, Maps, and Plans

1982 ◽  
pp. 498-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Grossberg
Keyword(s):  
Human Memory ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Sensory Motor ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals The Impact of Sensory, Motor and Pain Impairments on Patient- Reported and Performance Based Function in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1258-1267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goris Nazari ◽  
Niyati Shah ◽  
Joy C MacDermid ◽  
Linda Woodhouse
Keyword(s):  
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ◽  
Carpal Tunnel ◽  
Hand Function ◽  
Pinch Strength ◽  
Sensory Motor ◽  
Tunnel Syndrome ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Quick Dash ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Vibration Threshold

Background: Research has suggested that persistent sensory and motor impairments predominate the symptoms experienced by patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS); with intermittent pain symptoms, being less predominant. Objective: The study aims to determine the relative contribution of sensory, motor and pain impairments as contributors to patient-report or performance-based hand function. Methods: Fifty participants with a diagnosis of CTS confirmed by a hand surgeon and electrodiagnosis were evaluated on a single occasion. Impairments were measured for sensibility, pain and motor performance. A staged regression analysis was performed. In the first step, variables with each of the 3 impairment categories were regressed on the Symptom Severity Scale (SSS) to identify the key variables from this domain. Models were created for both self report (Quick Disabilities of arm, shoulder and hand- Quick DASH) and performance based (Dexterity) functional outcomes. Backward regression modelling was performed for SSS and then, to allow comparability of the importance of different impairments across models, the 7 significant variables from the SSS model were forced into the models. Results: Variables: age, touch threshold and vibration threshold of the little finger of unaffected hand, median-ulnar vibration threshold ratio of affected hand, mean pain tolerance of unaffected hand, grip strength and pinch strength of affected hand, explained 31%, 36% and 63% of the variance in SSS, Quick DASH and dexterity scores, respectively. Conclusion: Hand function in patients with CTS is described by variables that reflect sensory status of the median and ulnar nerves, the persons pain threshold, grip and pinch strength impairments and age.

scholarly journals The Effect of a Multidimensional Intervention Program (Sensory-Motor Integration Training for Child and Parent) on Reading Attitudes and Performance of Students with Dyslexia

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Roghayeh Karimi Lichahi ◽  
◽  
Bahman Akbari ◽  
Abbas Ali Hoseinkhanzadeh ◽  
Samereh Asadi Majreh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Program ◽  
Reading Attitudes ◽  
Sensory Motor ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals Self-Inhibiting Modules Can Self-Organize as a Brain of a Robot: A Conjecture

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
J. Negrete-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Robot Control ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Control Architecture ◽  
Complex Behaviour ◽  
Running Away ◽  
Measured Distance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Sensor Gain

In this article we describe a new robot control architecture on the basis of self-organization of self-inhibiting modules. The architecture can generate a complex behaviour repertoire. The repertoire can be performance-enhanced or increased by modular poly-functionality and/or by addition of new modules. This architecture is illustrated in a robot consisting of a car carrying an arm with a grasping tool. In the robot, each module drives either a joint motor or a pair of wheel motors. Every module estimates the distance from a sensor placed in the tool to a beacon. If the distance is smaller than a previously measured distance, the module drives its motor in the same direction of its prior movement. If the distance is larger, the next movement will be in the opposite direction; but, if the movement produces no significant change in distance, the module self-inhibits. A self-organization emerges: any module can be the next to take control of the motor activity of the robot once one module self-inhibits. A single module is active at a given time. The modules are implemented as computer procedures and their turn for participation scheduled by an endless program. The overall behaviour of the robot corresponds to a reaching attention behaviour. It is easily switched to a running-away attention behaviour by changing the sign of the same parameter in each module. The addition of a “sensor-gain attenuation reflex” module and of a “light-orientation reflex” module provides an increase of the behavioural attention repertoire and performance enhancement. Since scheduling a module does not necessarily produce its sustained intervention, the architecture of the “brain” is actually providing action induction rather than action selection.

Autonomic Levels and Lability, and Performance Time on a Perceptual Task and a Sensory-Motor Task

1964 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 753-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Obrist ◽  
Shannon I. Hallman ◽  
Donald M. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Motor Task ◽  
Perceptual Task ◽  
Performance Time ◽  
Sensory Motor ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals Interactions Between Forms of Memory: When Priming Hinders New Episodic Learning

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 52-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony D. Wagner ◽  
Anat Maril ◽  
Daniel L. Schacter
Keyword(s):  
Explicit Memory ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Human Memory ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Priming Effects ◽  
Lag Effects ◽  
Episodic Encoding ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Past Experiences

Human memory consists of multiple forms, including priming and explicit memory. Although considerable evidence indicates that priming and explicit memory are functionally and neuroanatomically distinct, little is know about when and how these different forms of memory interact. Here, behavioral and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) methods were used to examine a novel and counterintuitive hypothesis: Priming during episodic encoding may be negatively associated with subsequent explicit memory. Using an experimental design that exploited known properties of spacing or lag effects, the magnitudes of behavioral and neural priming during a second study episode were varied and the relation between these magnitudes of priming during re-encoding and performance on a subsequent explicit memory test was examined. Results revealed that greater behavioral priming (reduced reaction times) and neural priming (reduced left inferior prefrontal brain activation) during re-encoding were associated with lower levels of subsequent explicit memory. Moreover, those subjects who demonstrated greater behavioral and neural priming effects during re-encoding following a long lag tended to demonstrate the least benefit in subsequent explicit memory due to this second study episode. These findings suggest that priming for past experiences can hinder new episodic encoding.

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