Role of HLA-DQ2 and -DQ8 as Susceptibility Molecules in Coeliac Disease — A Model-Disease of Autoimmunity

Author(s):  
Erik Thorsby ◽  
Knut E. A. Lundin ◽  
Ludvig M. Sollid
Keyword(s):  
2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siba P Paul ◽  
Matthew Hoghton ◽  
Bhupinder Sandhu

The European guidelines for diagnosing coeliac disease in children were revised in 2012. These recommend that in symptomatic children, a diagnosis of coeliac disease can be made without small-bowel biopsies provided their anti-tissue transglutaminase (anti-tTG) titre is >10 times of upper-limit-of-normal (>10×ULN) and anti-endomysial antibody is positive. In order to firm up the diagnosis in these children with very high anti-tTG titre, HLA-DQ2/DQ8 should be checked and be positive. Approximately 25–40% of white Caucasian population has HLA-DQ2/DQ8 haplotype. However, only 0.1–1% of the population will develop coeliac disease. Therefore, HLA-DQ2/DQ8 testing must not be done to ‘screen’ or ‘diagnose’ children with coeliac disease. Its use by paediatricians should be limited to children with anti-tTG>10×ULN, where the diagnosis of coeliac disease is being made on serology alone. A review of case referrals made to a tertiary paediatric gastroenterology centre in Southwest England demonstrated that HLA-DQ2/DQ8 testing is being requested inappropriately both in primary and secondary care suggesting a poor understanding of its role in diagnosis of coeliac disease. This article aims to clarify the role of HLA-DQ2/DQ8 testing for clinicians working in non-specialist settings.


2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A393-A393
Author(s):  
D SCHUPPAN ◽  
W DIETERICH ◽  
S HOFMANN ◽  
M HUEFNER ◽  
K USADEL ◽  
...  

2009 ◽  
Vol 160 (4) ◽  
pp. 675-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy R Frost ◽  
Margaret M Band ◽  
Gerard S Conway

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of coeliac disease (CD) in an adult population with Turner's syndrome (TS).DesignA clinic population with TS was screened using a serological test for CD.MethodsTwo hundred and fifty six patients with TS were included in the study. Five patients had existing diagnoses of CD. The remaining 251 asymptomatic patients were screened using an IgA endomysium antibody (EMA) test. Positive cases were offered endoscopy with duodenal biopsy. HLA typing was undertaken in existing cases and new EMA-positive cases.ResultsOf the 251 patients screened, eight were found to be EMA positive (3.2%). Seven patients proceeded to duodenal biopsy on which all were confirmed histologically to have cluster of differentiation (2.8%). The prevalence of subclinical cluster of differentiation in the population can therefore be estimated between 2.8 and 3.2%. The total population prevalence of CD, including the previously diagnosed cases, is estimated between 4.7 and 5.1%. Ten patients with histologically confirmed cluster of differentiation underwent HLA typing of which eight were HLA-DQ2 positive, one was HLA-DQ8 positive and one was negative to both HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates an increased prevalence of cluster of differentiation in an adult population with TS over the general population. This is consistent with previous data published in paediatric populations.


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitaigiri Taffreeda Banua ◽  
Jaspreet Kaura ◽  
Vishesh Bhadariya ◽  
Jyoti Singh ◽  
Kartik Sharma

Composite flour is a combination of only either various grains or both various grains and vegetables it is a storehouse of various nutrients like vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and dietary fiber. In the present day, there has been an increased demand for nutritional and health-based variants of food due to changes in lifestyle and socio-economic status. There is no surprise in saying that people are seeing the food being consumed on a day-to-day basis as a status symbol and are striving to get better quality of health through the food they consume and are ready to spend huge amounts of money on the products which are so-called healthy and are being commercially marketed in a smart manner capturing both peoples mind and attention knowing to bring down various lifestyle disorders like Diabetes, Cardiovascular diseases, Hypertension, Cancer, Atherosclerosis, Ischemic stroke, Obesity, Coeliac disease, Alzheimer’s and many other diseases and disorders when consumed frequently in long run. The foods which fall under such category especially are composite flours and ready-to-cook mixes occupying more than 70% of both the food and health industry today being recommended by most of the nutritional experts. This paper is a review-based article collected from various papers focusing on role of consumption of composite flours in management of lifestyle disorders such as diabetes, hypertension, cancer etc.


2021 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. S90
Author(s):  
M.T. Segreto ◽  
D. Di Fusco ◽  
S. Sessa ◽  
G. Di Maggio ◽  
C. Maresca ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (12) ◽  
pp. 1906-1911
Author(s):  
Shaun SC Ho ◽  
Jacqueline I Keenan ◽  
Andrew S Day

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Réka Rokonay ◽  
Apor Veres-Székely ◽  
Beáta Szebeni ◽  
Domonkos Pap ◽  
Rita Lippai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

Author(s):  
Stefania Chetcuti Zammit ◽  
Mark E McAlindon ◽  
Pierre Ellul ◽  
Emanuele Rondonotti ◽  
Cristina Carretero ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 753-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Chetcuti Zammit ◽  
M. Kurien ◽  
D.S. Sanders ◽  
R. Sidhu

2002 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre H. DEPREZ ◽  
Christine SEMPOUX ◽  
Christine DE SAEGER ◽  
Jacques RAHIER ◽  
Paul MAINGUET ◽  
...  

Cholecystokinin (CCK) release after a standard test meal is decreased in coeliac patients. The aim of the study was to determine the origin of the CCK deficiency and the relationship between the distinctive types of mucosal lesions observed in coeliac disease and the number of duodenal CCK cells and their peptide and mRNA content. Duodenal biopsies were obtained in ten controls and nineteen coeliac patients [seven with atrophic mucosa, six with increased numbers of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) and six with fully normalized mucosa]. Immunocytochemistry was performed with a CCK C-terminal-specific polyclonal antiserum. The CCK cells were counted and related to the epithelial area using a semi-automated image analyser. CCK content in mucosal extracts was determined by radioimmunoassay. mRNA was measured with a semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase–PCR method using specific CCK and ribosomal protein L19 (RPL19) primers. CCK tissue concentration and CCK mRNA were significantly reduced in patients with atrophic mucosa [12.2 (range 6.9–17.5) pmol/g; CCK/RPL19 ratio 0.64 (0.30–0.99)] compared with patients with normal mucosa [40.5 (30.4–50.7) pmol/g; CCK/RPL19 ratio 1.40 (0.41–2.40)] or controls [42.7 (18.2–67.2) pmol/g; CCK/RPL19 ratio 1.35 (1.09–1.62)]. A similar decrease was observed in patients with an excess of IELs, 13.9 (3.8–31.8) pmol/g and 0.86 (0.57–1.15) pmol/g respectively. The number of CCK cells was, however, similar in all groups. Duodenal CCK concentration and mRNA are decreased not only in the mucosa presenting atrophic changes but also when disease activity is limited to infiltration by IELs. Reduced expression of the CCK gene could therefore be related to suppressive factors induced by the inflammatory infiltrate.


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