Improving the Efficiency of Soil Sampling on a Regional Scale in Impact Assessment

1993 ◽  
pp. 449-452
Author(s):  
B. von Steiger ◽  
R. Schulin
Keyword(s):  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Soil Sampling

scholarly journals How evaluation of hydrological models influences results of climate impact assessment—an editorial

2020 ◽  
Vol 163 (3) ◽  
pp. 1121-1141
Author(s):  
Valentina Krysanova ◽  
Fred F. Hattermann ◽  
Zbigniew W. Kundzewicz
Keyword(s):  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Model Evaluation ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Climate Impact ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Hydrological Models ◽  
Calibration And Validation ◽  
Climate Impact Assessment ◽  
Scale Models

AbstractThis paper introduces the Special Issue (SI) “How evaluation of hydrological models influences results of climate impact assessment.” The main objectives were as follows: (a) to test a comprehensive model calibration/validation procedure, consisting of five steps, for regional-scale hydrological models; (b) to evaluate performance of global-scale hydrological models; and (c) to reveal whether the calibration/validation methods and the model evaluation results influence climate impacts in terms of the magnitude of the change signal and the uncertainty range. Here, we shortly describe the river basins and large regions used as case studies; the hydrological models, data, and climate scenarios used in the studies; and the applied approaches for model evaluation and for analysis of projections for the future. After that, we summarize the main findings. The following general conclusions could be drawn. After successful comprehensive calibration and validation, the regional-scale models are more robust and their projections for the future differ from those of the model versions after the conventional calibration and validation. Therefore, climate impacts based on the former models are more trustworthy than those simulated by the latter models. Regarding the global-scale models, using only models with satisfactory or good performance on historical data and weighting them based on model evaluation results is a more reliable approach for impact assessment compared to the ensemble mean approach that is commonly used. The former method provides impact results with higher credibility and reduced spreads in comparison to the latter approach. The studies for this SI were performed in the framework of the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP).

Framework for high-resolution climate change impact assessment on grapevines at a regional scale

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Moriondo ◽  
Marco Bindi ◽  
Claudio Fagarazzi ◽  
Roberto Ferrise ◽  
Giacomo Trombi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Climate Change Impact ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Climate Change Impact Assessment ◽  
Change Impact

Prediction of groundwater impacts from coal seam gas extraction in the Surat Basin

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 931
Author(s):  
Keith Phillipson
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Groundwater Flow Model ◽  
Cumulative Impact ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Groundwater Flow Modelling ◽  
Regional Groundwater

The Queensland regulatory framework recognises that the impacts of groundwater extraction activities can overlap in areas of concentrated development. Such areas of overlapping impacts can be declared ‘cumulative management areas’ (CMAs). When a CMA is established, the Office of Groundwater Impact Assessment (OGIA) becomes responsible for carrying out a cumulative impact assessment and preparing an Underground Water Impact Report (UWIR). The Surat CMA was declared in March 2011, and since this time, two iterations of the UWIR have been published in 2012 and 2016, underpinned by a gradually evolving regional groundwater flow model. This case study presentation will examine a number novel features of the regional groundwater flow model, resulting from OGIA’s ongoing research and development program, including the development of an adapted version of the MODFLOW-USG groundwater flow modelling code and approximation of coal desaturation and dual-phase flow effects using a modified van Genuchten function. The presentation will also look at the simulation of CSG extraction using a ‘descending drain’ methodology that recognises the gas-filled nature of CSG wells and generating up-scaled properties of highly heterogenous sedimentary material by first generating stochastic realisations of fragments of these layers, and then using ‘numerical permeameters’ to determine both the expected value and stochasticity of these properties, at the regional scale.

Wildfire impact assessment through air quality monitoring in natural conservation areas and WRF-HYSPLIT coupled modelling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Castagna ◽  
Alfonso Senatore ◽  
Mariantonia Bencardino ◽  
Francesco D'Amore ◽  
Francesca Sprovieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Human Health ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
National Park ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Back Trajectories ◽  
The Impact

<p>In the Mediterranean region, climate change-induced effects (i.e., increasing drought and heatwaves) are intensifying wildfire occurrences and severity. During 2017 the administrative region of Calabria (southern Italy) was affected by an exceptional wildfire season. This study evaluates the wildfire impact on some air quality parameters in two National Parks, located in the north and south of the region, respectively. Two sampling stations were considered for the impact assessment, namely the Monte Curcio Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) regional station, located in the Sila National Park, and the Mammola rural-regional background station of the Regional Environmental Protection Agency of Calabria (ARPACal), in the Aspromonte National Park. To evaluate wildfire impact, a method based on the integration of ground-based observations (i.e., PM<sub>2.5</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub>, EBC, CO, and fire location) and WRF-HYSPLIT back-trajectories was applied. The WRF-HYSPLIT coupling allowed to reproduce high-resolution back-trajectories, improving the model accuracy in a complex orographic region such as the study area. Furthermore, wildfire impact on human health was qualitatively evaluated in terms of passively smoked cigarettes (PSC), related to the measured PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations. During the examined period (summer 2017), the exposure to wildfire emissions resulted equivalent to approximately 6 PSC per day, for both stations. These outcomes, obtained at the regional scale in southern Italy, highlight that wildfire emissions, whose associated risks are still underestimated, are of concern for human health even in protected areas. Future studies, based on a more thorough chemical characterization and source apportionment methods, should be oriented towards assessing the wildfire contribution to air quality deterioration.</p>

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