The Aral Sea Basin Crisis and Future Water–Climate–Food Nexus in Turkmenistan

2020 ◽  
pp. 161-183
Author(s):  
Weili Duan ◽  
Kaoru Takara
Keyword(s):  
Aral Sea ◽  
Aral Sea Basin

scholarly journals Diversity and Biocontrol Potential of Cultivable Endophytic Bacteria Associated with Halophytes from the West Aral Sea Basin

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1448
Author(s):  
Lei Gao ◽  
Jinbiao Ma ◽  
Yonghong Liu ◽  
Yin Huang ◽  
Osama Abdalla Abdelshafy Mohamad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Isolation Effect ◽  
Aral Sea ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Aral Sea Basin ◽  
Soil Borne Pathogens

Endophytes associated with halophytes may contribute to the host’s adaptation to adverse environmental conditions through improving their stress tolerance and protecting them from various soil-borne pathogens. In this study, the diversity and antifungal activity of endophytic bacteria associated with halophytic samples growing on the shore of the western Aral Sea in Uzbekistan were investigated. The endophytic bacteria were isolated from the nine halophytic samples by using the culture-dependent method and identified according to their 16S rRNA gene sequences. The screening of endophytic bacterial isolates with the ability to inhibit pathogenic fungi was completed by the plate confrontation method. A total of 289 endophytic bacterial isolates were isolated from the nine halophytes, and they belong to Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Proteobacteria. The predominant genera of the isolated endophytic bacteria were Bacillus, Staphylococcus, and Streptomyces, accounting for 38.5%, 24.7%, and 12.5% of the total number of isolates, respectively. The comparative analysis indicated that the isolation effect was better for the sample S8, with the highest diversity and richness indices. The diversity index of the sample S7 was the lowest, while the richness index of samples S5 and S6 was the lowest. By comparing the isolation effect of 12 different media, it was found that the M7 medium had the best performance for isolating endophytic bacteria associated with halophytes in the western Aral Sea Basin. In addition, the results showed that only a few isolates have the ability to produce ex-enzymes, and eight and four endophytic bacterial isolates exhibited significant inhibition to the growth of Valsa mali and Verticillium dahlia, respectively. The results of this study indicated that halophytes are an important source for the selection of microbes that may protect plant from soil-borne pathogens.

scholarly journals Challenges and Solutions for Biogas Production from Agriculture Waste in the Aral Sea Basin

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Olimjon Saidmamatov ◽  
Inna Rudenko ◽  
Urs Baier ◽  
Elbek Khodjaniyazov
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Aral Sea ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Current Form ◽  
Aral Sea Basin ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Biomass Resources

Energy plays an essential role in the modern society and can serve as one of the vital parameters of socio-economic development. Despite developments in technology, over three billion persons living in rural parts of the low- and middle-income countries continue to cover their energy needs for cooking through traditional ways by burning biomass resources. This paper as a case study focuses on the Aral Sea region of Uzbekistan, possessing a well-developed agricultural production with high livestock numbers and intensive crop production. The manure of the livestock farms is not used efficiently and the energy supply of the farms depends primarily on centrally produced gas and electricity. Some areas are not yet connected to the gas grid. Agriculture causes huge environmental damages in its current form. The benefit of biogas production would therefore be fivefold: (1) local energy source, (2) mitigation of environmental impacts, (3) reducing CH4-emissions, (4) producing organic fertilizer as a side product and (5) additional earnings for farmers.

Quantitative and qualitative assessment of collector-drainage waters in Aral Sea Basin: trends in Jizzakh region, Republic of Uzbekistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashid Kulmatov ◽  
Jasur Mirzaev ◽  
Abdurazzak Taylakov ◽  
Jilili Abuduwaili ◽  
Bakhtiyor Karimov
Keyword(s):  
Aral Sea ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Aral Sea Basin ◽  
Drainage Waters

International Water Law in Central Asia: The Nature of Substantive Norms and what Flows from It

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinara ZIGANSHINA
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Aral Sea ◽  
Aral Sea Basin ◽  
Transboundary Waters ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
International Water Law ◽  
International Water ◽  
Reasonable Use

Water security issues arising from the Central Asian states’ heavy reliance on, and competition over, the shared waters of the Aral Sea Basin have attracted urgent political and academic discussion. However, any analysis of the role that international law plays in addressing these substantive complex problems remains incomplete and imprecise. This article sets the stage for a deeper understanding of international law and of its potential operation in the context of the transboundary waters in the Aral Sea Basin. It seeks to explore the substantive norms operating in the field, namely, the rule of equitable and reasonable use, the no-harm rule, and obligations relating to environmental protection, with a view to understanding how these substantive norms work and ascertaining what conduct is required of the states with respect to their shared watercourses.

Optimizing irrigation efficiency improvements in the Aral Sea Basin

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 30-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maksud Bekchanov ◽  
Claudia Ringler ◽  
Anik Bhaduri ◽  
Marc Jeuland
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Efficiency ◽  
Aral Sea ◽  
Aral Sea Basin
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