scholarly journals Diversity and Biocontrol Potential of Cultivable Endophytic Bacteria Associated with Halophytes from the West Aral Sea Basin

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1448
Author(s):  
Lei Gao ◽  
Jinbiao Ma ◽  
Yonghong Liu ◽  
Yin Huang ◽  
Osama Abdalla Abdelshafy Mohamad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Isolation Effect ◽  
Aral Sea ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Aral Sea Basin ◽  
Soil Borne Pathogens

Endophytes associated with halophytes may contribute to the host’s adaptation to adverse environmental conditions through improving their stress tolerance and protecting them from various soil-borne pathogens. In this study, the diversity and antifungal activity of endophytic bacteria associated with halophytic samples growing on the shore of the western Aral Sea in Uzbekistan were investigated. The endophytic bacteria were isolated from the nine halophytic samples by using the culture-dependent method and identified according to their 16S rRNA gene sequences. The screening of endophytic bacterial isolates with the ability to inhibit pathogenic fungi was completed by the plate confrontation method. A total of 289 endophytic bacterial isolates were isolated from the nine halophytes, and they belong to Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Proteobacteria. The predominant genera of the isolated endophytic bacteria were Bacillus, Staphylococcus, and Streptomyces, accounting for 38.5%, 24.7%, and 12.5% of the total number of isolates, respectively. The comparative analysis indicated that the isolation effect was better for the sample S8, with the highest diversity and richness indices. The diversity index of the sample S7 was the lowest, while the richness index of samples S5 and S6 was the lowest. By comparing the isolation effect of 12 different media, it was found that the M7 medium had the best performance for isolating endophytic bacteria associated with halophytes in the western Aral Sea Basin. In addition, the results showed that only a few isolates have the ability to produce ex-enzymes, and eight and four endophytic bacterial isolates exhibited significant inhibition to the growth of Valsa mali and Verticillium dahlia, respectively. The results of this study indicated that halophytes are an important source for the selection of microbes that may protect plant from soil-borne pathogens.

scholarly journals Diversity and biological activity of culturable endophytic bacteria associated with marigold (Calendula officinalis L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 336-353
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav Shurigin ◽  
◽  
Burak Alaylar ◽  
Kakhramon Davranov ◽  
Stephan Wirth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Calendula Officinalis ◽  
Fungal Plant Pathogens

<abstract> <p>Endophytes colonizing plant tissue play an essential role in plant growth, development, stress tolerance and plant protection from soil-borne diseases. In this study, we report the diversity of cultivable endophytic bacteria associated with marigold (<italic>Calendula officinalis</italic> L.) by using 16S rRNA gene analysis and their plant beneficial properties. A total of 42 bacterial isolates were obtained from plant tissues of marigold. They belonged to the genera <italic>Pantoea, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas, Achromobacter, Xanthomonas, Rathayibacter, Agrobacterium, Pseudoxanthomonas</italic>, and <italic>Beijerinckia</italic>. Among the bacterial strains, <italic>P. kilonensis</italic> FRT12, and <italic>P. rhizosphaerae</italic> FST5 showed moderate or vigorous inhibition against three tested plant pathogenic fungi, <italic>F. culmorum, F. solani</italic> and <italic>R. solani</italic>. They also demonstrated the capability to produce hydrolytic enzymes and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Five out of 16 isolates significantly stimulated shoot and root growth of marigold in a pot experiment. The present study reveals that more than half of the bacterial isolates associated with marigold (<italic>C. officinalis</italic> L.) provided antifungal activity against one or more plant pathogenic fungi. Our findings suggest that medicinal plants with antimicrobial activity could be a source for selecting microbes with antagonistic activity against fungal plant pathogens or with plant growth stimulating potential. These isolates might be considered as promising candidates for the improvement of plant health.</p> </abstract>

scholarly journals Screening of Endophytic Bacteria Isolated from Mimosa pudica in Bali Island

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
Dewa Gede Wiryangga Selangga ◽  
Listihani
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Plant Disease ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Mimosa Pudica ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Fusarium Sp

This study aims to determine the screening of endophytic bacteria isolatd from Mimosa pudica in Bali Island. This research was conducted from September 2020 to January 2021 at the Plant Disease Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University, Denpasar. Isolation of endophytic bacteria was carried out by taking a sample of the root of the shy daughter plant which was then washed and dried on a tissue.. Hypersensitivity test followed Klement and Goodman (1967) by growing bacteria in a petri dish containing 100% TSA and NA.Tests were carried out by growing endophytic bacteria in 100% NA and TSA media.  Isolation of the roots of the Mimusa pudica plant resulted in 43 isolates. The resulting isolates then passed the hypersensitive test so that 27 isolates were selected. A total of 27 isolates were then tested for hemolysis on blood agar. The final results obtained were 12 endophytic bacterial isolates which were then used in the next practicum. The results showed that the endophytic bacterial isolates were not able to inhibit the fusarium sp. and Phytophthora sp., when using the inhibition percentage formula. This is because the average diameter of the pathogenic fungi colonies in the control treatment (R1) with the average diameter of the pathogenic fungi colonies in the endophytic treatment (R2) has the same size, so that when calculated by the percentage inhibition formula it results in the number 0 which means no. there is a zone of inhibition.

scholarly journals SCREENING OF ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA PRODUCING ANTIFUNGAL ISOLATED FROM INDONESIA MEDICINAL PLANT, JAVA GINSENG (TALINUM TRIANGULARE) (JACQ.) WILLD

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alimuddin Ali ◽  
Herlina Rante
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Polyketide Synthase ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Type I ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Antifungal Activities ◽  
Talinum Triangulare

Objective: The objective of this research was to isolate and characterize endophytic bacteria from Talinum triangulare having antifungal activity.Methods: The endophytic bacteria were isolated from roots tissue of Talinum triangulare by surface sterilization method. The isolates were cultured in Trypticase Soybean agar and antagonist activities were evaluated by dual culture assay against Fusarium oxysporum, Trichoderma reesei and Candida albicans. For metabolite antifungal activities, bacterial isolates were grown for 4 d in TS broth at 35 °C under shaking condition. The antifungal activities of the supernatant extract were determined by using the disk agar diffusion. Polyketide synthase (PKS I) and NRPS genes fragments of all isolates were amplified.Results: The result reveals that 4 of 23 endophytic bacterial isolates demonstrated great antifungal potentiality against many tested fungi. Polyketide synthase (PKS I) and NRPS genes amplification were showed 10 and 4 of endophytic isolates detected harboring PKS type I and NRPS genes, respectively. In general, high frequencies of positive PCR amplification were obtained for PKS I (43.47%). Phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence, morphological, physiological and biochemical showed that the isolates were identified as a member of genus Bacillus and Brevibacillus.Conclusion: These results indicated that the endophytic bacteria from java ginseng could be used as an alternative source of antifungal agents.

scholarly journals Bioprospection and genetic diversity of endophytic bacteria associated with cassava plant

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIA CAMILA DE BARROS SILVA LEITE ◽  
ARTHUR PRUDÊNCIO DE ARAUJO PEREIRA ◽  
ADIJAILTON JOSÉ DE SOUZA ◽  
FERNANDO DINI ANDREOTE ◽  
FERNANDO JOSÉ FREIRE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Cassava Plant ◽  
Bacterial Groups ◽  
Sanger Method

ABSTRACT Cassava is mostly planted in sandy soils which are usually of low fertility, thereby making it necessary to perform beneficial associations with microorganisms that can promote their growth. In this perspective, the possibility of selecting bacterial isolates efficient in promoting the growth of the culture is evident, which can provide subsidies for future inoculants. The objective of this study was to isolate, identify, select and evaluate the genetic diversity of endophytic bacteria in roots and stems of cassava grown in Garanhuns - PE, with features involved in promoting plant growth. The isolation was performed on culture medium semisolid LGI-P. The selected isolates were evaluated for the potential to fix N2, as the ability to produce indole acetic acid, for their ability to solubilize inorganic phosphate and produce exopolysaccharides. Some bacterial isolates had their 16S rRNA gene sequenced by the Sanger method. A total of 52 endophytic bacteria isolates were obtained from cassava. Regarding the potential to fix N2, 15% of the isolates were positive. As for the production of IAA, 78% of the isolates produced this phytohormone in a medium with increased L-tryptophan. Approximately 31% of the isolates were able to solubilize inorganic phosphate and 60% had exopolysaccharide. The identification of 19 isolates allowed the grouping into six bacterial genera, namely: Achromobacter, Bacillus, Burkholderia, Enterobacter, Pantoea and Pseudomonas. Cassava plants grown in Garanhuns - PE present interaction with different groups of endophytic bacteria and there are bacterial groups with several characteristics involved in promoting plant growth.

scholarly journals Biofungicide Producing Bacteria: an In Vitro Inhibitor of Ganoderma boninense

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Ade Irma ◽  
Anja Meryandini ◽  
Bedah Rupaedah
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Bacterial Isolate ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Ganoderma Boninense ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Tlc Analysis

Oil palm is widely known as one of vegetable oil sources and the main comodity in Indonesian agriculture because of the benefits in non-food and food industries. Ganoderma boninense attack results in considerable losses to agriculture. Chemical control creates a harmful effect on health and the environment. Biocontrol is required to take over the function of chemical control. This study aimed to select bacteria that produce bioactive compounds as biofungicide against G. boninense pathogenic fungi and identify bacteria producing biofungicide using molecular method. The stages of bacterial isolate selection were performed through the selected hemolysis and isolate tests in the antagonistic test. Bacteria were extracted using ethyl acetate and their extract activity were tested. Analysis of bioactive compounds was conducted using thin layer chromatography (TLC) and the identification was based on 16S rRNA gene. The result of bacterial pathogenic test was obtained from two selected bacterial isolates namely 11B LB and 11B MD. Both bacterial isolates showed antagonistic effects by forming an inhibitory zone against G. boninense growth with percentage of inhibitor of 81 and 75%. Activity test of bacterial extract showed that crude extract of bacterial isolate 11B MD had the highest inhibitor activity that is 88.34%. TLC analysis proved that the active extract of bacteria containing metabolite compounds had Rf value of 0.1, 0.28, and 0.38. Isolate bacteria 11B MD was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

scholarly journals Potential of endophytic bacteria from rice root as potassium solvent

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
WARZATULLISNA WARZATULLISNA ◽  
LENNI FITRI ◽  
YULIA SARI ISMAIL
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Rice Root ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Biochemical Tests

Abstract. Warzatullisna, Fitri L, Ismail YS. 2019. Potential of endophytic bacteria from rice root as potassium solvent. Biodiversitas 20: 1303-1308. Endophytic bacteria live in plant tissues and known to have many benefits for plant growth. One function of endophytic bacteria are known to be able to dissolve potassium. Potassium is one of the macronutrients that plays an important role in plant growth and development. This study aims to obtain endophytic bacterial isolates from the roots of rice plants (Oryza sativa L.) which have potential as potassium solvents, identify the endophytic bacteria in morphologically and physiologically, and analysis of the selected isolate 16S rRNA genes. Selected endophytic bacterial isolates from the test of dissolving potassium on medium Alexandrov, measured clear zone using calipers and continued with biochemical tests using KIT DL-96E also identified based on 16S rRNA gene and compared for their close relationship with reference strains available in the Bank Genes. Based on the isolation results, 7 isolates from the roots of rice were obtained. Six isolates of endophytic bacteria were able to dissolve potassium. EPK3 isolates were the isolates that are capable of dissolving the highest potassium in Alexandrov media with a 17.9 mm potassium dissolution index. EPK3 isolates also produce inhibit the growth of Xanthomonas oryzae with a 1.2 mm inhibition zone. Physiological identification showed that EPK3 isolates were Enterobacter cloaceae bacteria with 93.79% of similarity. Based on the 16SrRNA gene showed that EPK3 isolates were closely related to E. cloaceae strain SBP-8 with similarity rate is 99%.

scholarly journals Biodiversity of major bacterial groups in association with agarwood (Aquilaria crassna) in Khanh Hoa province, Vietnam

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thi Thanh Tra Nguyen ◽  
Van Duy Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Bacillus Pumilus ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Alcaligenes Faecalis ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Bacterial Groups ◽  
Aquilaria Crassna

Agarwood mainly formed by Aquilaria species is an economically and pharmaceutically important natural product used for the production of incense, perfumes and traditional medicines in Asia. Endophytic bacteria are potentially important in producing pharmaceutical compounds found in the plants. The aim of this research is to isolate, classify and identify major endophytic bacteria groups associated with agarwood of Aquilaria crassna species in Khanh Hoa province, Vietnam. Agarwood samples were collected and surface-sterilized, and total endophytic bacteria were isolated on Tryptic Soy Agar by the spread plate method. Major bacterial groups were classified according to the Bergey’s system. The 16S rRNA gene fragments were amplified using PCR method, and bacterial isolates were identified using this gene sequence similarity based method. The results showed that from 0.121 g of agarwood, total 26 bacterial isolates were purified and divided into 7 separated groups, in which the group II of Gram-positive spore-forming bacteria was the most dominant. Especially, two dominant strains, T14 of group II, and T15 of group VII, were identified as Bacillus pumilus and Alcaligenes faecalis, respectively. To our knowledge, it is the first time that biodiversity of bacterial endophytes associated with agarwood from Aquilaria crassna in Vietnam has been reported, which requires of further study to understand the relationship of endophytic bacteria to agarwood-producing Aquilaria crassna species as well as explore their potential applications towards the development of valuable bioactive compounds. Trầm hương, chủ yếu được tạo ra từ các loài cây Dó (Aquilaria), là một sản phẩm tự nhiên có giá trị kinh tế và y học đã được sử dụng để sản xuất hương, nước hoa và các dược phẩm truyền thống ở châu Á. Vi khuẩn nội cộng sinh thực vật được cho là một nguồn quan trọng cho các dược phẩm có nguồn gốc thực vật. Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu này là nhằm phân lập, phân loại và định danh các nhóm vi khuẩn chính trên Trầm hương Khánh Hòa, Việt Nam. Các mẫu Trầm hương được thu nhận và vô trùng bề mặt dùng để phân lập vi khuẩn tổng số trên môi trường TSA bằng phương pháp trải đĩa. Các nhóm vi khuẩn chính được phân loại dựa theo hệ thống chuẩn Bergey. Đoạn gen mã hóa 16S rRNA được khuếch đại bằng phương pháp PCR, và các chủng vi khuẩn được định danh bằng phép so sánh độ tương đồng trình tự của đoạn gen này. Kết quả cho thấy từ 0,121 g mẫu trầm hương, chúng tôi đã phân lập được 26 chủng vi khuẩn và phân chúng vào 7 nhóm chính, trong đó nhóm II bao gồm các vi khuẩn Gram dương sinh bào tử là nhóm chiếm ưu thế nhất. Đặc biệt, có 2 chủng ưu thế là chủng T14 thuộc nhóm II và chủng T15 thuộc nhóm VII đã được định danh tương ứng là Bacillus pumilus và Alcaligenes faecalis. Đây là nghiên cứu đầu tiên về đa dạng sinh học của các nhóm vi khuẩn chính trên Trầm hương Khánh Hòa. Vì vậy, cần có những nghiên cứu tiếp theo nhằm tìm hiểu mối quan hệ giữa các vi khuẩn nội cộng sinh với cây Dó bầu (Aquilaria crassna) tạo trầm cũng như khai thác những ứng dụng tiềm năng của các vi khuẩn này theo hướng phát triển các hoạt chất sinh học có giá trị.

DIVERSITY OF CULTURABLE BACTERIAL MICROBIOTA OF THE Eisenia foetida DIGESTIVE TRACT

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Abraham Pérez-Pérez ◽  
David Espinosa-Victoria ◽  
Hilda V. Silva-Rojas ◽  
Lucía López-Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Eisenia Foetida ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Bacterial Microbiota ◽  
Decomposition Of Organic Matter ◽  
Earthworm Gut

Bacteria are an unavoidable component of the natural earthworm diet; thus, bacterial diversity in the earthworm gut is directly linked to decomposition of organic matter and development of the surrounding plants. The aim of this research was to isolate and to identify biochemically and molecularly the culturable bacterial microbiota of the digestive tract of Eisenia foetida. Earthworms were sourced from Instituto de Reconversión Productiva y Bioenergética (IRBIO) and Colegio de Postgraduados (COLPOS), México. Bacterial isolation was carried out on plates of Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) culture medium. Fifty six and 44 bacterial isolates were obtained from IRBIO and COLPOS, respectively. The population was composed of 44 Gram-negative and 56 Gram-positive isolates. Over 50 % of the bacterial isolates were rod-shaped cells. The 16S rRNA gene was sequenced and nine genera were identified in worms from IRBIO (Bacillus, Paenibacillus, Solibacillus, Staphylococcus, Arthrobacter, Pantoea, Stenotrophomonas, Acinetobacter and Aeromonas) and six in worms from COLPOS (Bacillus, Paenibacillus, Stenotrophomonas, Staphylococcus, Acinetobacter and Aeromonas). Bacillus was the predominant genus, with eight and six species in the oligochaetes from IRBIO and COLPOS, respectively. The most represented bacteria in the worms from both sites were Bacillus sp. and B. subtilis. The predominance of Bacillus was probably due to spore formation, a reproductive strategy that ensures survival and dispersion in the soil and oligochaetes digestive tract. The gut of E. foetida not only harbored bacterial species of agronomic importance but also species potentially pathogenic for humans (Staphylococcus warneri, Pantoea agglomerans and Stentrophomonas sp.). The larger bacterial diversity in worms from IRBIO could be due to their feeding on cattle manure, which is a rich source of bacteria.

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