A Study of Scrambled Noisy Quantum Image Formation with Geometric Transformation and Its Denoising Using QWT

2020 ◽  
pp. 137-150
Author(s):  
S. Chakraborty ◽  
S. H. Shaikh ◽  
A. Chakrabarti ◽  
R. Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Image Formation ◽  
Geometric Transformation ◽  
Quantum Image

scholarly journals Quantum Image Watermarking Based on Wavelet and Geometric Transformation

2020 ◽  
pp. 153-163
Author(s):  
Rahman Abdulrida ◽  
Matheel E. A-Monem ◽  
Abdul Mohssen Jaber
Keyword(s):  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
Image Watermarking ◽  
Digital Watermark ◽  
Cover Image ◽  
Set Cover ◽  
Geometric Transformation ◽  
Quantum Image ◽  
Combination Methods ◽  
Squared Error ◽  
High Degree

Like the digital watermark, which has been highlighted in previous studies, the quantum watermark aims to protect the copyright of any image and to validate its ownership using visible or invisible logos embedded in the cover image. In this paper, we propose a method to include an image logo in a cover image based on quantum fields, where a certain amount of texture is encapsulated to encode the logo image before it is included in the cover image. The method also involves transforming wavelets such as Haar base transformation and geometric transformation. These combination methods achieve a high degree of security and robustness for watermarking technology. The digital results obtained from the experiment show that the values of Peak Signal Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Mean Squared Error (MSE) that apply to one of the set cover images were 68.74 and 0.093, respectively.

scholarly journals Scaling Up and Down of 3-D Floating-point Data in Quantum Computation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meiyu Xu ◽  
Dayong Lu ◽  
Xiaoyun Sun
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Computation ◽  
Scaling Up ◽  
Floating Point ◽  
Geometric Transformation ◽  
Double Precision ◽  
Quantum Image ◽  
Image Scaling ◽  
Trilinear Interpolation ◽  
Point Data ◽  
Floating Point Numbers

Abstract In the past few decades, quantum computation has become increasingly attractivedue to its remarkable performance. Quantum image scaling is considered a common geometric transformation in quantum image processing, however, the quantum floating-point data version of which does not exist. Is there a corresponding scaling for 2-D and 3-D floating-point data? The answer is yes.In this paper, we present quantum scaling up and down scheme for floating-point data by using trilinear interpolation method in 3-D space. This scheme offers better performance (in terms of the precision of floating-point numbers) for realizing the quantum floating-point algorithms compared to previously classical approaches. The Converter module we proposed can solve the conversion of fixed-point numbers to floating-point numbers of arbitrary size data with p + q qubits based on IEEE-754 format, instead of 32-bit single-precision, 64-bit double precision or 128-bit extended-precision. Usually, we use nearest neighbor interpolation and bilinear interpolation to achieve quantum image scaling algorithms, which are not applicable in high-dimensional space. This paper proposes trilinear interpolation of floating-point numbers in 3-D space to achieve quantum algorithms of scaling up and down for 3-D floating-point data. Finally, the circuits of quantum scaling up and down for 3-D floating-point data are designed.

The 'well-known' theory of electron image formation

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 288-289
Author(s):  
M.A. O'Keefe ◽  
W.O. Saxton
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Image Formation ◽  
Source Profiles ◽  
Electron Image

A recent paper by Kirkland on nonlinear electron image processing, referring to a relatively new textbook, highlights the persistence in the literature of calculations based on incomplete and/or incorrect models of electron imageing, notwithstanding the various papers which have recently pointed out the correct forms of the appropriate equations. Since at least part of the problem can be traced to underlying assumptions about the illumination coherence conditions, we attempt to clarify both the assumptions and the corresponding equations in this paper, illustrating the effects of an incorrect theory by means of images calculated in different ways.The first point to be made clear concerning the illumination coherence conditions is that (except for very thin specimens) it is insufficient simply to know the source profiles present, i.e. the ranges of different directions and energies (focus levels) present in the source; we must also know in general whether the various illumination components are coherent or incoherent with respect to one another.

Observation of Phase Contrast Images in STEM and CTEM Modes by Using 100 kV Field Emission Electron Gun

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 390-391
Author(s):  
Y. Harada ◽  
T. Goto ◽  
H. Koike ◽  
T. Someya
Keyword(s):  
Field Emission ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Image Formation ◽  
Fresnel Diffraction ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Electron Gun ◽  
Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Emission Electron ◽  
Lattice Images

Since phase contrasts of STEM images, that is, Fresnel diffraction fringes or lattice images, manifest themselves in field emission scanning microscopy, the mechanism for image formation in the STEM mode has been investigated and compared with that in CTEM mode, resulting in the theory of reciprocity. It reveals that contrast in STEM images exhibits the same properties as contrast in CTEM images. However, it appears that the validity of the reciprocity theory, especially on the details of phase contrast, has not yet been fully proven by the experiments. In this work, we shall investigate the phase contrast images obtained in both the STEM and CTEM modes of a field emission microscope (100kV), and evaluate the validity of the reciprocity theory by comparing the experimental results.

Image formation analysis of thick biological specimens using three-dimensional power-spectra of through focus series

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 124-125
Author(s):  
Karen F. Han
Keyword(s):  
Inelastic Scattering ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Relative Proportion ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Power Spectra ◽  
Image Formation ◽  
Energy Filtering ◽  
Ewald Sphere ◽  
Nonlinear Imaging

The primary focus in our laboratory is the study of higher order chromatin structure using three dimensional electron microscope tomography. Three dimensional tomography involves the deconstruction of an object by combining multiple projection views of the object at different tilt angles, image intensities are not always accurate representations of the projected object mass density, due to the effects of electron-specimen interactions and microscope lens aberrations. Therefore, an understanding of the mechanism of image formation is important for interpreting the images. The image formation for thick biological specimens has been analyzed by using both energy filtering and Ewald sphere constructions. Surprisingly, there is a significant amount of coherent transfer for our thick specimens. The relative amount of coherent transfer is correlated with the relative proportion of elastically scattered electrons using electron energy loss spectoscopy and imaging techniques.Electron-specimen interactions include single and multiple, elastic and inelastic scattering. Multiple and inelastic scattering events give rise to nonlinear imaging effects which complicates the interpretation of collected images.

An Experimental Study on Image Formation Factors of Simple Line Figures

1985 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 23-37
Author(s):  
Hisako Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Image Formation

A Robust Blind Image Forensic-Detection Method based on Fuzzy Technique

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 5926-5929
Keyword(s):  
Research Direction ◽  
Geometric Transformation ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Forensic Investigation ◽  
Image Forensic ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Approach ◽  
Logic Approach ◽  
Tampered Image ◽  
New Research ◽  
Blind Image

Blind forensic-investigation in a digital image is a new research direction in image security. It aims to discover the altered image content without any embedded security scheme. Block and key point based methods are the two dispensation options in blind image forensic investigation. Both the techniques exhibit the best performance to reveal the tampered image. The success of these methods is limited due to computational complexity and detection accuracy against various image distortions and geometric transformation operations. This article introduces different blind image tampering methods and introduces a robust image forensic investigation method to determine the copy-move tampered image by means of fuzzy logic approach. Empirical outcomes facilitate that the projected scheme effectively classifies copy-move type of forensic images as well as blurred tampered image. Overall detection accuracy of this method is high over the existing methods.

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