Cytological studies on adventitious shoots and minitubers of a monoploid potato clone

Euphytica ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. M. Hovenkamp-Hermelink ◽  
E. Jacobsen ◽  
L. P. Pijnacker ◽  
J. N. de Vries ◽  
B. Witholt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Potato Clone

Induction and origin of adventitious shoots from chimeras of Brassica juncea and Brassica oleracea

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1727-1732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue-Yun Zhu ◽  
Man Zhao ◽  
Sheng Ma ◽  
Ya-Ming Ge ◽  
Ming-Fang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Adventitious Shoots

scholarly journals Induction of callus and adventitious shoots on epicotyl and hypocotyl segments of cumaru (Dipteryx odorata)

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-480
Author(s):  
Paulo Tarso Barbosa Sampaio ◽  
Lyana Silva Jardim ◽  
Ariel Dotto Blind ◽  
Flavio Mauro Souza Bruno
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Adventitious Buds ◽  
Clonal Multiplication ◽  
Benefit Ratio ◽  
Dipteryx Odorata ◽  
Hypocotyl Segments

Somatic embryogenesis from callus induced in epicotyl and hypocotyl segments can be viable native species in order to better -benefit ratio costs, and rates of clonal multiplication. In this sense, two trials were established to induce callus and adventitious buds on hypocotyl and epicotyl segments of cumaru bean seedlings germinated in vitro in different concentrations and combinations of growth regulators. At first, we used the MS medium supplementwith ANA (0.0, 1.5 mg.L-1) and TDZ (0.0, 4.0 and 8.0 mg.L-1) distributed in factorial 2 x 3 x 2 (x auxin cytokinin x explant) with eight replications. In the second, it was used the WPM medium supplemented with BAP (2.0 mg L-1) and plus 2,4-D (2.0 and 4.0 mg L-1) in a factorial 2 x 2 (auxin x explant) with 15 repetitions each. They were evaluating callus formation and the average number of adventitious shoots during the period of 90 days. The results indicated that the highest average for callus formation was observed when the explants were subjected to concentrations of 8.0 mg L-1 TDZ combined with 1.5 mg L-1 ANA in MS medium. For the formation of buds, the WPM medium plus 2.0 mg L-1 2,4-D in the second experiment, induced higher number of shoots, being significant the use of auxin, and its interaction with the type of explant.

scholarly journals Shoot Organogenesis and Plant Regeneration from Cotyledons of Diploid, Triploid, and Tetraploid Watermelon

1993 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Compton ◽  
D.J. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Organogenesis ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Formation ◽  
Optimized Protocol ◽  
Apical Half ◽  
Number Of Shoots

Adventitious shoots were obtained from watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsun. & Nakai] cotyledons incubated on a modified Murashige and Skoog medium containing BA. Initial experiments comparing the effects of BA (0, 5, 10, or 20 μm) and IA4 (0, 0.5, or 5 μm) demonstrated that BA was required for adventitious shoot formation but its concentration in the medium was not critical. The addition of IAA to medium with BA increased callus production and inhibited shoot formation. However, the percentage of responding explants in the best treatment was <30%. Therefore, the manner in which cotyledon explants were prepared and seedling age at the time of explantation was examined to improve the organogenic response. The percentage of explants with shoots was improved by using explants that consisted of cotyledon bases (43%) or cotyledons cut in half longitudinally (39%). A lower percentage (16%) of cotyledons cut longitudinally into four pieces produced shoots. Explants taken from the apical half of cotyledons failed to regenerate shoots. Shoot formation was improved further by using explants from young seedlings. The percentage of explants with shoots was >90% for `Minilee', 64% for S86NE, and 50% for `Jubilee II' when explants were prepared from 5-day-old seedlings. Explants from nongerminated embryos or seedlings germinated for 10, 15, or 20 days produced fewer shoots. The effect of several cytokinins on shoot organogenesis was then examined using the optimized protocol. The percentage of explants with shoots and the number of shoots per explant were about two to four times higher when 5 to 10 μm BA was used compared to the most effective kinetin (20 μm) or thidiazuron (0.1 μm) concentration. The percentage of explants with shoots and the number of shoots per explant were greater for diploid (57% and 2.2, respectively) than for triploid (22% and 0.6, respectively) or tetraploid (20% and 0.8, respectively) lines. Chemical names used: N -(phenylmethyl)-1 H -purin-6-amine (BA); 6-furfurylaminopurine (kinetin); N -phenyl-N' -1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-ylurea (thidiazuron); 1 H -indole3-acetic acid (IAA).

scholarly journals Influence of the temperature factor on regeneration features of Silene Jailensis N.I. Rubtzov and Crepis Purpurea (Willd.) M. Bieb. and the content of phenolic substances in vitro

2020 ◽  
pp. 87-96
Author(s):  
I. V. Mitrofanova ◽  
N. N. Ivanova ◽  
A. E. Paliy ◽  
I. N. Paliy ◽  
O. V. Mitrofanova
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Biochemical Study ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Rare Plant ◽  
Temperature Influence ◽  
Phenolic Substances ◽  
Morphogenetic Potential ◽  
High Concentrations

The results of temperature influence on the regeneration of microshoots and the level of phenolic compounds in microshoots of two rare plant species under in vitro conditions are presented. It is shown that the maximum growth of the main and the formation of adventitious shoots, leaves occurred at a temperature of 21- 23°C. Reconnaissance experiments on the biochemical study of organs and tissues of the studied species were conducted. It was found that the leaves contain high concentrations of phenolic substances and are characterized by a wide variety of components. It is shown that as the temperature increased, the content of the sum of phenolic substances increased, which negatively affected the morphogenetic potential of the studied species.

scholarly journals Mass Propagation of Nauclea diderrichii (de Willd. & Th. Dur) Merr. Seedlings through Tissue Culture Technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
RI Oyediran ◽  
JO Afolabi ◽  
DB Olomola ◽  
FO Akanni
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Seedling Production ◽  
Mass Propagation ◽  
In Vitro Plantlets ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Nauclea Diderrichii

Nauclea diderrichii is a tree species of economic importance. However, its plantation establishment is limited by inadequate seedling production. Hence, there is ample scope of tissue culture for its mass propagation. Its in vitro plantlets development as affected by media strengths indicated that 100 % seed germination was obtained in full MS basal medium while the least (3.35 %) was from quarter-strength at 8 Weeks after inoculation (WAI). The effects of BAP and NAA assessed on the growth of its sub-cultured plantlets showed that highest number of leaves (17) and adventitious shoots (3) were obtained from MS basal medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/l BAP only. Whereas, highest shoot length (3.61 cm) and average number of roots (5/plantlet) were obtained from the same medium without hormone(s) at 8 WAI. Further sub-culturing into MS with 0.05 mg/l NAA resulted into plantlets having optimum shoot and massive root growth ready for acclimatization in 6 WAI. The plantlets were successfully acclimatized using coconuthusk/ topsoil mixture with 90 % survival. Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 31(1): 51-60, 2021 (June)

scholarly journals In-vitro development of Nauclea diderrichii (de Willd. & Th. Dur) Merrin liquid-M Smedia supplemented with benzyl amino purine (BAP) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA)

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 2065-2069
Author(s):  
J.O. Afolabi ◽  
R.I. Oyediran ◽  
Y.O. Aguda ◽  
E.A. Adekunle
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Temporary Immersion Bioreactor ◽  
Group A ◽  
Bioreactor System ◽  
Vitro Development

The growth of plantlets in Temporary Immersion Bioreactor system (TIBs) relies on initial successful liquid phase transition process. The response of N. diderrichii explants was assessed in liquid-M Smedia with a view to mass produce its seedlings using TIBs. Seven treatments consisting (A) 0.0/0.0, (B) 0.0/0.1, (C) 0.1/0.0, (D) 0.2/0.1, (E) 0.3/0.2, (F) 0.4/0.3 and (G) 0.5/0.4mg/lBAP/NAA combinations were studied. Each group consist of seven replicates and group A without Growth Regulators (GR) serves as control. The results at 4 Weeks after Inoculation (WAI) showed that effects of the growth regulators were significant on shoot length and number of adventitious shoots while number of roots and leaves were closely related. Treatment E produced highest number of adventitious shoots (3.6) which was higher than 0.9 shoots from treatment G and closely related to others. Maximum number of leaves (16.6) was produced by treatment F followed by E (15.7) while the least (12) was obtained in treatment A. The highest number of roots (4.9) was obtained from treatments B, followed by E (4.3) with the lowest being recorded in C (2.43). Liquid MS medium supplemented with 0.3/0.2mg/lBAP/NAA shows some promise for plantlets generation for the purpose of multiple shoot production of N. diderrichii in TIBs.

ORIGIN OF ADVENTITIOUS SHOOTS REGENERATED FROM CULTURED TOBACCO LEAF TISSUE

1986 ◽  
Vol 73 (11) ◽  
pp. 1541-1547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Marcotrigiano
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Tobacco Leaf

scholarly journals Silver nanoparticles induce genetic, biochemical, and phenotype variation in chrysanthemum

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-344
Author(s):  
Alicja Tymoszuk ◽  
Dariusz Kulus
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Phenotype Variation ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeats ◽  
Tremendous Progress ◽  
Genetic Level ◽  
User Friendly

Abstract Despite the tremendous progress in breeding, novel and user-friendly techniques of plant improvement are desirable. The study aimed to analyze the usefulness of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in the breeding of chrysanthemum: one of the top ornamental plant species. In vitro regeneration of adventitious shoots from internodes of chrysanthemum ‘Lilac Wonder’ was induced on the modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.6 mg L−1 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), 2 mg L−1 indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and AgNPs at 0, 5, 10 and 20 ppm concentration. The efficiency of callogenesis and caulogenesis were analyzed after 10 weeks of culture. The concentration of chlorophylls, carotenoids, and phenolic compounds in shoots and calli were estimated. Plants obtained from 20 ppm AgNPs treatment were additionally analyzed on the genetic level using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers. In vitro rooted shoots were acclimatized in the glasshouse and subjected to biochemical and phenotype stability evaluation. AgNPs at the highest concentration (20 ppm) suppressed both callogenesis and caulogenesis in vitro. The concentration of metabolites in callus was stable, regardless of AgNPs treatment, except for carotenoids which production was enhanced by 20 ppm AgNPs. In contrast, the content of chlorophyll a and b in shoots varied depending on AgNPs treatment. Polymorphic loci were detected in 12 and 9 AgNPs-treated-plants by RAPD and ISSR markers, respectively (one of which was common to both marker systems). Rooting and acclimatization were fully successful in all experimental combinations. Phenotype alternations were detected in six plants; one from 10 ppm AgNPs treatment and five from 20 ppm treatment. They included variation in pigment content (anthocyanins and carotenoids) and/or inflorescence shape. Interestingly, only two plants revealed both genetic and phenotype polymorphisms. No genetic or phenotype variation was detected in the control plants. In conclusion, AgNPs can be used in chrysanthemum breeding.

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