In vitro axillary shoot proliferation and somatic embryogenesis of yellow pitaya Mediocactus coccineus (Salm-Dyck)

1992 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Infante
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Axillary Shoot ◽  
Axillary Shoot Proliferation

scholarly journals In vitro propagation of Tilia platyphyllos by axillary shoot proliferation and somatic embryogenesis

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 537-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Chalupa
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Axillary Shoot ◽  
Axillary Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Tilia Platyphyllos

In vitro propagation of Tilia platyphyllos Scop. has been achieved by axillary shoot proliferation and somatic embryo-<br />genesis. The influence of tree age, explant source, genotype, and phytohormones on micropropagation of juvenile and mature trees of Tilia platyphyllos has been investigated. Nodal segments and shoot tips were used as initial explants for axillary shoot proliferation. Low concentration of cytokinin (BA, BPA, TDZ) plus auxin (IBA) stimulated fast shoot multiplication. Microshoots<br />excised from proliferating cultures were rooted on low salt medium and produced trees were planted in the field. Embryo-<br />genic tissues were initiated from zygotic embryos cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D. After transfer of&nbsp; embryogenic tissues with developing embryoids on media lacking 2,4-D and supplemented with low concetration of IBA, the development of somatic embryos was enhanced. Secondary somatic embryogenesis led to the formation of new adventive somatic embryos. Trees produced from somatic embryos were planted in the field and exhibited normal growth and morphology.

scholarly journals In Vitro Propagation of an Endangered Helianthus verticillatus by Axillary Bud Proliferation

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 712
Author(s):  
Marzena Nowakowska ◽  
Žaklina Pavlović ◽  
Marcin Nowicki ◽  
Sarah L. Boggess ◽  
Robert N. Trigiano
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Genetic Fidelity ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Axillary Shoot ◽  
Axillary Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Micropropagated Plants ◽  
Ssrs Markers

Helianthus verticillatus (Asteraceae), whorled sunflower, is a perennial species restricted to a few locations in the Southeastern United States. Habitat loss has caused H. verticillatus to become rare, and since 2014, it has been federally listed as an endangered species. As a part of the recovery plan for the restoration and protection of H. verticillatus, an efficient micropropagation protocol based on axillary shoot proliferation was developed. Various concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP; 0 to 4.44 µM) were examined for their morphogenetic potential in the regeneration of six genotypes of H. verticillatus from the nodal explants derived from greenhouse-grown plants. Both the BAP concentration and genotype had significant effects on the regeneration capacity of H. verticillatus. Although the induced buds were observed on ½-strength Murashige and Skoog medium without plant growth regulators, a higher rate of induction and bud development were achieved on media with either 0.88 or 2.22 µM BAP, regardless of the genotype. Successful rooting of the induced shoots was achieved within four weeks after the transfer from the induction medium to the fresh ½-strength MS medium, but the rooting efficiency was dependent on the plant’s genetic background. Regenerated plantlets, with well-developed shoots and roots, were acclimatized successfully to greenhouse conditions with a 97% survival rate. Simple sequence repeats (SSRs) markers were employed to assess the genetic uniformity of the micropropagated plants of H. verticillatus. No extraneous bands were detected between regenerants and their respective donor plants, confirming the genetic fidelity and stability of regenerated plants. To our knowledge, the protocol developed in this study is the first such report for this endangered species.

scholarly journals Vegetative Propagation of Phytophthora cinnamomi-Tolerant Holm Oak Genotypes by Axillary Budding and Somatic Embryogenesis

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 841
Author(s):  
Maria Teresa Martínez ◽  
Francisco Javier Vieitez ◽  
Alejandro Solla ◽  
Raúl Tapias ◽  
Noelia Ramírez-Martín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Phytophthora Cinnamomi ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Holm Oak ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Axillary Shoot ◽  
Oak Decline ◽  
Shoot Cultures

Holm oak (Quercus ilex) is one of the most widely distributed tree species in the Mediterranean basin. High mortality rates have been observed in holm oak populations in the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula as a result of oak decline syndrome. Selection and propagation of genotypes tolerant to this syndrome could aid the restoration of affected areas. In this article, we report micropropagation and conservation procedures based on axillary budding and somatic embryogenesis (SE) of holm oak plants, selected for their tolerance to Phytophthora cinnamomi—the main biotic factor responsible for oak decline. Forced shoots were obtained from potted plants of eight different genotypes, and used as stock material to establish in vitro shoot proliferation cultures. Reliable shoot proliferation was obtained in seven out the eight genotypes established in vitro, whereas multiplication rates were genotype-dependent. The highest rooting rates were obtained by culturing shoots for 24 h or 48 h on rooting induction medium containing 25 mg L−1 indole-3-butyric acid, followed by transfer to medium supplemented with 20 µM silver thiosulphate. Axillary shoot cultures can be successful conserved by cold storage for 12 months at 4 °C under dim lighting. Shoot tips, excised from axillary shoot cultures established from tolerant plants, were used as initial explants to induce SE. Somatic embryos and/or nodular embryogenic structures were obtained on induction medium with or without indole-acetic acid 4 mg L−1, in two out the three genotypes evaluated, and induction rates ranged between 2 and 4%. Plantlet recovery was 45% after two months cold stratification of somatic embryos and eight weeks of culture on germination medium. Vegetative propagation of P. cinnamomi-tolerant Q. ilex trees is a valuable milestone towards the restoration of disease-affected areas.

scholarly journals Micropropagation of Clerodendrum phlomidis L.F.

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mafatlal M. Kher ◽  
Deepak Soner ◽  
Neha Srivastava ◽  
Murugan Nataraj ◽  
Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Callus Formation ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Nodal Explants ◽  
Axillary Shoot ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Axillary Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Clerodendrum Phlomidis

Abstract Clerodendrum phlomidis L. f. is an important medicinal plant of the Lamiaceae family, particularly its roots, which are used for various therapeutic purposes in a pulverized form. The objective of this study was to develop a standard protocol for axillary shoot proliferation and rooting of C. phlomidis for its propagation and conservation. Nodal explants were inoculated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium that was supplemented with one of six cytokinins: 6-benzyladenine, kinetin, thidiazuron, N6-(2-isopentenyl) adenine (2iP), trans-zeatin (Zea) and meta-topolin. Callus induction, which was prolific at all concentrations, formed at the base of nodal explants and hindered shoot multiplication and elongation. To avoid or reduce callus formation with the objective of increasing shoot formation, the same six cytokinins were combined with 4 μM 2,3,5-tri-iodobenzoic acid (TIBA) alone or in combination with 270 μM adenine sulphate (AdS). Nodal explants that were cultured on the medium supplemented with 9.12 μM Zea, 4 μM TIBA and 270 μM AdS produced significantly more and longer shoots than on medium without TIBA and AdS. Half-strength MS medium supplemented with 8.05 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid was the best medium for root formation. Most (75%) in vitro rooted plantlets were successfully acclimatized under natural conditions.

scholarly journals In Vitro Propagation of Muscadine Grape by Axillary Shoot Proliferation

1990 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 324-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Lee ◽  
Hazel Y. Wetzstein
Keyword(s):  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Axillary Shoot ◽  
Axillary Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Vitis Rotundifolia ◽  
Shoot Production ◽  
Muscadine Grape ◽  
Better Than

Plantlets were recovered from axillary bud cultures of muscadine grape (Vitis rotundifolia, `Summit'). Nodal segments 0.5 to 1.0 cm long were cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with 5, 10, 20, or 40 μm BA. Best total shoot production was obtained with 10 μm BA; with higher BA levels, shoots were unexpanded and exhibited high mortalities. MS medium supplemented with IBA enhanced rooting by increasing rooting percentage and number per plantlet. Shoots previously proliferated on medium with 5 μm BA rooted significantly better than those multiplied on 10 μM BA. Shoot vigor during rooting was greater in shoots proliferated on 5 vs. 10 μm BA. Root development was not significantly affected by liquid vs. agar-solidifted medium or shoot length. Chemical names used: N-(phenylmethyl) -1H-purin-6-amine (BA), 1H-indole-3-butyric acid (IBA).

scholarly journals Axillary Shoot Proliferation from in Vitro Culture of Pulmonaria L. Shoots

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 630d-630
Author(s):  
Dennis P. Stimart ◽  
John C. Mather
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Axillary Shoot ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Axillary Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Skoog Medium ◽  
Murashige And Skoog Medium ◽  
Rooting Response

Actively growing shoots from Pulmonaria L. `Roy Davidson' were cultured in vitro on Murashige and Skoog medium containing benzyladenine (BA) to establish proliferating cultures. BA at 0, 0.4, 0.8, 4.4, 8.8, and 44.4 μm was compared for shoot proliferation and rooting response. Shoot count was highest on 8.8 μm BA with root count highest on 0 or 0.4 μm BA. Subculture 4 weeks later of shoots to the same treatments resulted in highest shoot counts on 44.4 μm BA. Optimum level for micropropagation was 8.8 or 44.4 μm BA. Greatest rooting was at 0 or 0.4 μm BA.

scholarly journals In Vitro Propagation of Eriostemon myoporoides and Eriostemon `Stardust'

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 686-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Ault
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Axillary Shoot ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Stem Explants ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Axillary Shoot Proliferation

Optimal axillary shoot proliferation was obtained from stem explants of a clone of Eriostemon myoporoides DC. on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium containing 0.1 mg BA/liter, and of Eriostemon `Stardust' on MS medium containing 0.5 mg BA/liter. Overall average number of shoots and shoot lengths for all treatments was greater for E. `Stardust' (22.4 shoots and 12.1-mm shoot length) than for E. myoporoides (4.5 shoots and 8.3-mm shoot length). Maximum percent rooting of E. myoporoides (42%) and E. `Stardust' (95%) was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg K-IBA/liter for E. myoporoides and 0.1 mg NAA/liter for E. `Stardust'. Overall average percent rooting and root lengths were greater for E. `Stardust' (42% rooting and 11.0-mm root length) than for E. myoporoides (27% rooting and 2.3-mm root length). For E. `Stardust', reducing sucrose in the rooting medium from 50 to 25 g·liter-1 significantly decreased overall average percent rooting to 1670 and root length to 6.8 mm. Plantlets of both clones were acclimatized in the greenhouse and transferred successfully to soil, although survival was <7070. Chemical names used: N -(phenylmethyl) -l H -purine-6-amine (BA); potassium-l H -indole-3-butyric acid (K-IBA); l-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA).

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