Superimposing noise linearizes the responses of primary muscle spindle afferents to sinusoidal muscle stretch

1988 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kröller ◽  
O. -J. Grüsser ◽  
L. -R. Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Spindle ◽  
Muscle Spindle Afferents ◽  
Muscle Stretch ◽  
Sinusoidal Muscle Stretch

Primary- and Secondary-Like Jaw-Muscle Spindle Afferents Have Characteristic Topographic Distributions

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 2925-2944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean Dessem ◽  
Revers Donga ◽  
Pifu Luo
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Spindle ◽  
Feedback Signal ◽  
Motor Nucleus ◽  
Superior Cerebellar Peduncle ◽  
Trigeminal Nucleus ◽  
Muscle Spindle Afferents ◽  
Jaw Muscles ◽  
Muscle Stretch ◽  
Trigeminal Motor Nucleus ◽  
Jaw Muscle

Dessem, Dean, Revers Donga, and Pifu Luo. Primary- and secondary-like jaw-muscle spindle afferents have characteristic topographic distributions. J. Neurophysiol. 77: 2925–2944, 1997. Single jaw-muscle spindle afferent axons were characterized physiologically and intracellularly stained to determine whether particular physiological types of spindle afferent show distinctive morphologies. Microelectrodes filled with either horseradish peroxidase (HRP) or biotinamide (Neurobiotin) were advanced into the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus (Vme) in anesthetized rats. Intracellular recordings then were characterized by their response: to palpation of the jaw muscles; when pressure was applied to the teeth and during passive ramp and hold and sinusoidal jaw movement. Seventy-one afferents were characterized physiologically and injected with HRP; an additional 61 afferents were typed and injected with biotinamide. The response of 43 stained neurons was recorded in the presence of suxamethonium. The major projection areas of these afferents were the: trigeminal motor nucleus (Vmo); region dorsal to Vmo; reticular formation, spinal trigeminal nucleus, superior cerebellar peduncle and Vme. One afferent type was modulated strongly during stretching of the jaw-elevator muscles. Based on their high sensitivity during stretching of the jaw muscles and/or their silencing during the release phase of muscle stretch, these afferents were classified as primary-like spindle afferents. These afferents projected most strongly to Vmo. A second type of afferent was modulated only modestly during stretching of the jaw-elevator muscles. These tonic afferents were classified as secondary-like spindle afferents because of their low dynamic sensitivity during ramp muscle stretch and their continued discharge during the release phase of muscle stretch. Secondary-like afferents projected most strongly to the region dorsal to Vmo. Boutons ( n = 3,834) from 11 afferents were studied in detail. Secondary-like afferents had statistically larger boutons within Vmo. In both secondary- and primary-like spindle afferents, only a small number of boutons were associated closely with the somata and proximal dendrites of trigeminal motoneurons. In these cases, however, two to five boutons appeared to contact individual motoneurons, implying multiple monosynaptic inputs to a selective subset of jaw-elevator motoneurons. Some “giant” boutons were present dorsal to Vmo and in Vme. These results demonstrate that dynamically sensitive and nondynamically sensitive jaw-elevator muscle spindle afferents project preferentially to different regions. Primary-like spindle afferents are capable of providing feedback related to the dynamic phases of muscle stretch and project most heavily to Vmo. Secondary-like spindle afferents can transmit a feedback signal associated with muscle length and project most strongly to the supratrigeminal region. Both types of afferent have projections caudal to Vmo that may serve longer latency jaw-muscle stretch reflexes and/or the projection of proprioceptive information to the thalamus and cerebellum.

scholarly journals Characterization of Muscle Spindle Afferents in the Adult Mouse Using an In Vitro Muscle-Nerve Preparation

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. e39140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine A. Wilkinson ◽  
Heidi E. Kloefkorn ◽  
Shawn Hochman
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Spindle ◽  
Adult Mouse ◽  
Muscle Spindle Afferents ◽  
Muscle Nerve

scholarly journals Projection of cat jaw muscle spindle afferents related to intrafusal fibre influence.

1993 ◽  
Vol 465 (1) ◽  
pp. 647-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Taylor ◽  
R Durbaba ◽  
J F Rodgers
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Spindle ◽  
Muscle Spindle Afferents ◽  
Intrafusal Fibre ◽  
Jaw Muscle

The Encoding of the Receptor Potential into Impulse Patterns of Muscle Spindle Afferents of Cats

Motor Control ◽  
1973 ◽  
pp. 15-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.-J. Grüsser ◽  
Heidemarie Hohne-Zahn ◽  
Samia A. Jahn ◽  
K. Pellnitz
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Spindle ◽  
Receptor Potential ◽  
Muscle Spindle Afferents

scholarly journals Contribution of muscle spindle afferents to control of masticatory pressure

1990 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 165-172
Author(s):  
Tadashi Nagashima ◽  
Takashi Nokubi ◽  
Takashi Morimitsu ◽  
Minoru Yoshida ◽  
Akio Ikehara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Spindle ◽  
Muscle Spindle Afferents

Effects of Lesions of Jaw Muscle Spindle Afferents on Mastication and Regulation of the Incisal Biting Force in Monkeys

1978 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erich S. Luschei ◽  
Guy M. Goodwin ◽  
Donna S. Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Spindle ◽  
Muscle Spindle Afferents ◽  
Jaw Muscle

scholarly journals Formation of Specific Monosynaptic Connections between Muscle Spindle Afferents and Motoneurons in the Mouse

1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 3128-3135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon C. Mears ◽  
Eric Frank
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Spindle ◽  
Muscle Spindle Afferents

Activity patterns in individual hindlimb primary and secondary muscle spindle afferents during normal movements in unrestrained cats

1979 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 420-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. Loeb ◽  
J. Duysens
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Spindle ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Muscle Length ◽  
Muscle Spindle Afferents ◽  
General Observation ◽  
Postural Changes ◽  
Motor Activities ◽  
Specific Muscle ◽  
Length Changes ◽  
Rapid Modulation

1. Chronically implanted microelectrode wires in the L7 and S1 dorsal root ganglia were used to record unit activity from cat hindlimb primary and secondary muscle spindle afferents. Units could be reliably recorded for several days, permitting comparison of their activity with homonymous muscle EMG and length during a variety of normal, unrestrained movements. 2. The general observation was that among both primary and secondary endings there was a broad range of different patterns of activity depending on the type of muscle involved and the type of movement performed. 3. During walking, the activity of a given spindle primary was usually consistent among similar step cycles. However, the activity was usually poorly correlated with absolute muscle length, apparently unrealted to velocity of muscle stretch, and could change markedly for similar movements performed under different conditions. 4. Spindle activity modulation not apparently related to muscle length changes was assumed to be influenced by fusimotor activity. In certain muscles, this presumption leads to the conclusion that gamma-motoneurons may be activated out of phase with homonymous alpha-motoneurons as well as by more conventional alpha-gamma-motoneuron coactivation. 5. Simultaneous recordings of two spindle primary afferents from extensor digitorum longus indicated that spindles within the same muscle may differ considerably with respect to this presumed gamma-motoneuron drive. 6. Spindle secondary endings appeared to be predominantly passive indicators of muscle length during walking, but could demonstrate apparently strong fusimotor modulation during other motor activities such as postural changes and paw shaking. 7. Both primary and secondary endings were observed to undergo very rapid modulation of firing rates in response to presumed reflexly induced intrafusal contractions. 8. It is suggested that the pattern of fusimotor control of spindles may be tailored to the specific muscle and task being performed, rather than necessarily dominated by rigid alpha-gamma coactivation.

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