Growth and gas exchange of loblolly pine seedlings as influenced by drought and air pollutants

1990 ◽  
Vol 51 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 105-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Woong S. Lee ◽  
Boris I. Chevone ◽  
John R. Seiler
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Pine Seedlings

Seasonal changes in intensity of bud dormancy in loblolly pine seedlings

1989 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Boyer ◽  
D. B. South
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Bud Dormancy ◽  
Pine Seedlings

EFFECTS OF HERBICIDES ON CARBON DIOXIDE UPTAKE BY PINE SEEDLINGS

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 961-971 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sasaki ◽  
T. T. Kozlowski
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Spray Application ◽  
Leaf Color ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Uptake ◽  
Chlorophyll Breakdown ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Steady Rate

Experiments were conducted on effects of herbicides applied to soil or sprayed on shoots on CO2 uptake of 3-year-old Pinus resinosa Ait. seedlings. When applied to the soil, atrazine, monuron, EPTC, and 2,4-D at 20 lb/ac (soil surface basis) or at 4000 p.p.m. variously decreased absorption of CO2. Monuron checked gas exchange most rapidly, with no CO2 uptake measurable after 10 days. Atrazine and 2,4-D inhibited absorption of CO2 at a steady rate. EPTC caused a delayed inhibition of CO2 uptake. DCPA, CDAA, CDEC, and NPA did not affect gas exchange significantly. Monuron applied as a spray depressed CO2 uptake somewhat faster than the soil-applied herbicide. Very rapid inhibition of CO2 uptake was observed after spray application of 2,4-D or EPTC. Atrazine affected gas exchange similarly when applied as a spray or incorporated in the soil. DCPA, applied as a spray, did not affect absorption of CO2 significantly. Possible reasons for differences in CO2 uptake after spray and soil-application of certain herbicides are discussed. Inert ingredients of EPTC applied as sprays at a concentration of 4000 p.p.m. greatly reduced CO2 absorption 3 days after treatment. However, the rapid early depression of gas exchange was followed by recovery, with no obvious deleterious effects on growth up to 3 months after treatment. Some herbicides checked CO2 absorption without chlorophyll breakdown whereas others did not. Monuron completely inhibited CO2 uptake long before any changes in leaf color were evident. In contrast, depression of CO2 absorption by atrazine and 2,4-D rather closely paralleled development of toxicity symptoms, especially chlorosis. These observations suggested that some herbicides such as monuron affected the photosynthetic mechanism more directly than others such as atrazine, 2,4-D, and EPTC.

scholarly journals The Association of a Longidorus Species with Stunting and Root Damage of Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda L.) Seedlings

Plant Disease ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 86 (7) ◽  
pp. 803-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen W. Fraedrich ◽  
Michelle M. Cram
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Extraction Techniques ◽  
Seedling Root ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Proper Diagnosis ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

A Longidorus species was consistently associated with patches of stunted and chlorotic loblolly pine seedlings at a forest-tree nursery in Georgia. Seedlings from affected areas had poorly developed root systems that lacked lateral and feeder roots. Longidorus population densities in composite soil samples from the margins of patches ranged from 9 to 67 nematodes per 100 cm3 of soil. In a growth chamber experiment, seedling root dry weight decreased with respect to the initial Longidorus dose as well as the final Longidorus populations in containers. The dry root weight of seedlings were 0.117, 0.090, 0.066, and 0.065 g in containers initially infested with 0, 50, 100, and 200 Longidorus, respectively. Lateral and fine roots were lacking on seedlings at the highest doses. Populations of Longidorus increased in all containers during the experiment. Damage to loblolly pine seedlings caused by Longidorus is a previously undescribed problem in southern pine nurseries. Proper diagnosis of the problem by nematode testing laboratories may require the use of extraction techniques specific for larger nematodes such as Longidorus.

scholarly journals Fungicides Improve Field Performance of Stored Loblolly and Longleaf Pine Seedlings

1996 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Brissette ◽  
James P. Barnett ◽  
John P. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Longleaf Pine ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Fungicide Application ◽  
Total Height ◽  
Pine Seedlings

Abstract Seedlings of loblolly and longleaf pine lifted in December, January, and February were treated with either benomyl or ridomil before cold storage. Along with an untreated control, they were planted after cold storage of less than 1 wk, 3 wk, and 6 wk. Survival was measured in mid-June after planting, and after 1 and 4 yr in the field. Total height was measured after 4 yr. The fungicide application increased survival of both species lifted in December or February and was beneficial to longleaf pine seedlings regardless of storage duration. Fungicide-treated longleaf pine seedlings had greater mean 4 yr height than the controls, but fungicides did not affect the height of loblolly pine. South. J. Appl. For. 20(1): 5-9.

Influence of Tylenchorhynchus ewingi on growth of loblolly pine seedlings, and host suitability of legumes and small grains

Nematology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen W. Fraedrich ◽  
Michelle M. Cram ◽  
Zafar A. Handoo ◽  
Stanley J. Zarnoch
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Initial Population ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Small Grains ◽  
Production Losses

Tylenchorhynchus ewingi, a stunt nematode, causes severe injury to slash pine seedlings and has been recently associated with stunting and chlorosis of loblolly pine seedlings at some forest tree nurseries in southern USA. Experiments confirmed that loblolly pine is a host for T. ewingi, and that the nematode is capable of causing severe damage to root systems. Initial population densities as low as 60 nematodes (100 cm3 soil)−1 were sufficient to damage the root systems of loblolly pine seedlings. Populations of T. ewingi increased on pine from two- to 16-fold, depending on the initial population density. Evaluations of various cover crops used in southern forest tree nurseries indicated that legumes, rye and several varieties of sorghum were excellent hosts for T. ewingi. Other small grains such as ryegrass, oats and wheat were poorer hosts. A cultivar of pearl millet was a non-host for T. ewingi, and a cultivar of brown top millet appeared to be either a very poor host or a non-host. Nurseries that have seedling production losses caused by T. ewingi should consider rotating with non-host cover crops such as pearl millet or leaving fields fallow as part of their pest management programme.

Determination of Viability of Loblolly Pine Seedlings after Wilting

1960 ◽  
Vol 121 (4) ◽  
pp. 220-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Brix
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Pine Seedlings

Pine Seedling Response to Dichlobenil, Fluometuron, and Pebulate

Weed Science ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Wilkinson ◽  
T. S. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Shortleaf Pine ◽  
Growth Reduction ◽  
Percentage Survival ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Herbicide Toxicity

Growth and percentage survival was measured for slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.), shortleaf pine (P. echinata Mill.), Virginia pine (P. virginiana Mill.), and loblolly pine (P. taeda L.) seedlings treated with: (a) 0.07 to 4.48 kg/ha 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile (dichlobenil), (b) 0.28 to 8.96 kg/ha 1,1-dimethyl-3-(a,a,a-trifluoro-m-tolyl)urea (fluometuron), or (c) 1.12 to 8.96 kg/ha S-propyl butylethylthiocarbamate (pebulate). Herbicide toxicity to pine seedlings was in order of dichlobenil > fluometuron > pebulate. Acceptance of mild growth reduction would permit pebulate utilization in seed bed nurseries.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document