scholarly journals Fungicides Improve Field Performance of Stored Loblolly and Longleaf Pine Seedlings

1996 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Brissette ◽  
James P. Barnett ◽  
John P. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Longleaf Pine ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Fungicide Application ◽  
Total Height ◽  
Pine Seedlings

Abstract Seedlings of loblolly and longleaf pine lifted in December, January, and February were treated with either benomyl or ridomil before cold storage. Along with an untreated control, they were planted after cold storage of less than 1 wk, 3 wk, and 6 wk. Survival was measured in mid-June after planting, and after 1 and 4 yr in the field. Total height was measured after 4 yr. The fungicide application increased survival of both species lifted in December or February and was beneficial to longleaf pine seedlings regardless of storage duration. Fungicide-treated longleaf pine seedlings had greater mean 4 yr height than the controls, but fungicides did not affect the height of loblolly pine. South. J. Appl. For. 20(1): 5-9.

Improving Field Performance of Southern Pine Seedlings by Treating with Fungicides before Storage

1988 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Barnett ◽  
John C. Brissette ◽  
Albert G. Kais ◽  
John P. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Shortleaf Pine ◽  
Southern Pine ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Clay Slurry

Abstract Field survival of longleaf, shortleaf, slash, and loblolly pine seedlings that had benomyl incorporated into the packing medium was markedly improved over that of clay-slurry controls. The more difficult to store seedlings of longleaf and shortleaf pine had greater magnitudes of response than more easily stored loblolly and slash pines. The decrease in seedling survival with storage time is related to a rapid increase in pathogenic microorganisms in cold storage. Although Benlate® ¹ 50WP is now registered for this use, the most effective fungicide dosage rates for routine use with different southern pine species must still be determined. South. J. Appl. For. 12(4):281-285.

Using silvicultural practices to regulate competition, resource availability, and growing conditions for Pinus palustris seedlings underplanted in Pinus taeda forests

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 902-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin O. Knapp ◽  
G. Geoff Wang ◽  
Joan L. Walker ◽  
Huifeng Hu
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Resource Availability ◽  
Longleaf Pine ◽  
Pinus Palustris ◽  
Light Transmittance ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Growing Conditions

In the southeastern United States, many forest managers are interested in restoring longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) to upland sites that currently support loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.). We quantified the effects of four canopy treatments (uncut Control; MedBA, harvest to 9 m2·ha−1; LowBA, harvest to 5 m2·ha−1; and Clearcut) and three cultural treatments (NT, no treatment; H, herbicide release of longleaf pine seedlings; and H+F, herbicide release plus fertilization) on resource availability and growing conditions in relation to longleaf pine seedling response for 3 years. Harvesting treatments reduced competition from canopy trees but resulted in greater abundance of understory vegetation. Harvesting shifted the interception of light from the canopy to the subcanopy vegetation layer; however, total light availability at the forest floor increased with the intensity of canopy removal. Soil moisture was not affected by harvesting or by the cultural treatments. Foliar nutrient concentrations (N, P, and K) of longleaf pine seedlings generally increased with the intensity of the harvest treatment. Of the plant resources measured, we found that light was most strongly correlated with longleaf pine seedling growth and that incorporating the interception of light by subcanopy vegetation improved the relationship over that of canopy light transmittance alone.

Foliar Nitrogen Content at Lifting Correlates with Early Growth of Loblolly Pine Seedlings from 20 Nurseries

1988 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry S. Larsen ◽  
David B. South ◽  
James N. Boyer
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Volume Growth ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Root Growth Potential ◽  
Foliar Nitrogen ◽  
Pine Seedlings

Abstract Height growth of outplanted loblolly pine seedlings was monitored over a 3-year period. Growth of seedlings from 20 nurseries was correlated with initial seedling characteristics from paired samples. Height growth during the first 6 months after planting was negatively correlated with the initial seedling height and shoot/root ratio and was positively correlated with root growth potential (RGP) and root weight. However, these variables were not significantly correlated with later growth. Foliar nitrogen content (mg of foliar nitrogen per seedling) was positively correlated with both initial and subsequent field growth. Foliar nitrogen content was the only variable that was significantly correlated with diameter growth and volume growth during the third year after planting. This variable accounted for 36% of the variation among sample means for 3-year height growth. These data support a previous report that field performance of loblolly pine seedlings during the first 3 years in the field can be influenced by the foliar nitrogen content at lifting. South. J. Appl. For. 12(3):181-185.

Field Performance of Container-Grown Loblolly Pine Seedlings with Specific Ectomycorrhizae on a Reforestation Site In South Carolina

1982 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Ruehle
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Field Validation ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Root Collar

Abstract Container-grown loblolly pine seedlings (Pinus taeda L.) with Pisolithus tinctorius, Thelephora terrestris, or no ectomycorrhizae (control) were outplanted on a South Carolina reforestation site. Two years after planting, seedlings initially colonized with Pisolithus or Thelephora had greater survival, height, and root collar diameter than control seedlings. Growth data were integrated into seedling volume indices (D²H). Seedlings with ectomycorrhizae at planting had nearly a three-fold greater D²H than seedlings initially without ectomycorrhizae. These results provided additional field validation for the hypothesis regarding benefits of ectomycorrhizae on this type of planting stock.

The effect of wrenching on morphology and field performance of Douglas fir and loblolly pine seedlings

1976 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuomi Tanaka ◽  
J. D. Walstad ◽  
J. E. Borrecco
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Nursery Stock ◽  
Second Year

Second-year Douglas fir and 1st-year loblolly pine nursery stock were undercut and wrenched while actively growing in nursery beds. Their morphology and field performance were compared with Douglas fir seedlings that had been undercut only and with loblolly pine seedlings that had been left intact.The treatment produced shorter, thinner-stemmed loblolly pine seedlings with reduced shoot dry weight. Height, diameter, and shoot dry weight of Douglas fir seedlings were virtually unaffected, but root dry weight was increased substantially. Development of fibrous lateral roots was stimulated in both species. As a consequence, shoot–root ratios were considerably improved, and the seedlings were better conditioned to withstand outplanting. On droughty sites, field survival of Douglas fir was increased by 20 percentage points and loblolly pine by 30 percentage points. Wrenching also extended by several weeks the fall and spring planting periods for loblolly pine and the fall planting period for Douglas fir.

scholarly journals The Persistence of Container Nursery Treatments on the Field Performance and Root System Morphology of Longleaf Pine Seedlings

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 807
Author(s):  
Shi-Jean S. Sung ◽  
R. Kasten Dumroese ◽  
Jeremiah R. Pinto ◽  
Mary Anne S. Sayer
Keyword(s):  
Longleaf Pine ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Pinus Palustris ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Root Pruning ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Container Nursery

In recent decades, container stock has become the preferred plant material to regenerate longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) forests in the southeastern United States. We evaluated the effects of container nursery treatments on early and long-term field performance in central Louisiana. Seedlings were grown in four cavity volumes (60–336 mL) with or without copper oxychloride root pruning (Cu or no-Cu) and fertilized at three nitrogen (N) rates. Across treatments, 91% of the seedlings emerged from the grass stage by the second field season, and 88% of the seedlings survived eight years after outplanting (Year 8). Seedlings grown in the largest cavities had greater total heights and stem diameters than those cultured in the 60- and 95-mL cavities through Year 8. Seedlings receiving the least amount of N in the nursery were consistently smaller in stature through Year 8 than seedlings receiving more N. Field growth was unaffected by copper root pruning through Year 8. Foliar mineral nutrient concentrations and seedling nutrient contents of Year 2 seedlings did not respond to nursery treatments. Independent of nursery treatments, seedlings excavated in Year 2 had at least 60% of their first-order lateral roots (FOLRs) originating from the top 4.0 cm of the taproots. The Cu-root-pruned seedlings had twofold the percentage of FOLRs egressed from the top 8.0 cm of the root plug when compared with the no-Cu seedlings. Moreover, the Cu root pruning treatment decreased the percentage of root plug biomass allocated to FOLRs, total within root plug FOLR lengths, and FOLR deformity index. The effects of increasing cavity volume or N rate on the root plug FOLR variables were opposite those of the Cu root pruning treatment. Our results suggest that a tradeoff may exist between seedling stature and a more natural FOLR morphology in outplanted container longleaf pine seedlings.

scholarly journals Influence of Plant Storage Duration on Strawberry Runner Tip Viability and Field Performance

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 1596-1600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stan C. Hokanson ◽  
Fumiomi Takeda ◽  
John M. Enns ◽  
Brent L. Black
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Nutrient Film Technique ◽  
Mother Plants ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Fruit Harvest

Tissue-culture derived mother plants were established in a greenhouse suspended-gutter, nutrient-film technique growing system to evaluate runner tip productivity in the system. Effects of cultivar (`Allstar', `Chandler', `Latestar', `Northeaster', and USDA selection B 27) and duration (0, 1, or 2 months) of cold storage at 1 °C on tip viability, rooting success, and performance in fruit production were determined. The average number and weight of runner tips produced in the gutter production system, the capacity of runner tips to form cohesively rooted plug plants, and the number and length of adventitious roots produced by runner tips varied significantly among the cultivars and the three storage durations (0, 1, or 2 months). In the field, plants produced from runner tips stored for 2 months produced more runners than plants produced from freshly harvested runner tips. Crown number differed among the cultivars, but was not affected by cold storage treatment. No treatment differences were noted for the fruit harvest parameters evaluated. The results suggest that the transplants derived from mother plants grown in a greenhouse-based soilless system can be useful for annual plasticulture strawberry production in colder climates. Although long periods of cold storage of runner tips resulted in lower tip-to-transplant conversion ratios, field performance of transplants was not adversely affected. Additional research is needed to improve greenhouse strawberry production practices for increasing runner output and storage conditions that maintain the integrity of cold-stored runner tips. Without these improvements it is unlikely that soilless runner tip production will become a widely accepted technique that would replace the field nursery tip production method currently used by commercial strawberry propagators.

scholarly journals Eight-Year Field Performance of Pine Seedlings after Mycorrhizae Were Triadimefon-Inhibited in the Nursery

1996 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-44
Author(s):  
W. A. Carey ◽  
W. D. Kelley
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Fusiform Rust ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Mycorrhizal Development

Abstract Loblolly pine seedlings were not sprayed with a fungicide or were sprayed with triadimefon (Bayleton®) at 6 oz ai/ac or with twice or four times that rate to differentially suppress mycorrhizal development. Seedlings were planted at three sites and evaluated in the eighth year after outplanting. Fusiform rust incidence and tree heights and diameters differed significantly between nursery sources and among outplanting sites, but not between triadimefon treatments. Survival did not differ between sites, nursery sources or triadimefon treatments. South. J. Appl. For. 20(1):42-44.

scholarly journals Successful Reforestation of South Carolina Sandhills is not influenced by Seedling Inoculation with Pisolithus tinctorius in the Nursery

1999 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle M. Cram ◽  
John G. Mexal ◽  
Ray Souter
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Longleaf Pine ◽  
Pinus Palustris ◽  
Pisolithus Tinctorius ◽  
Savannah River ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Seedling Inoculation ◽  
River Site

Abstract Longleaf (Pinus palustris) and loblolly pine (P. taeda) nursery beds were treated with either vegetative inoculum of Pisolithus tinctorius (Pt) or allowed to become inoculated with natural ectomycorrhizae (NI) from 1987 to 1991. The resulting Pt and NI seedlings were outplanted on 2 sites per year (1988-1992) for a total of 10 demonstration plantings on the Savannah River Site (SRS), South Carolina. After 4 yr (5 yr for Site 5) the presence of Pt on bareroot longleaf pine at the time of planting did not improve seedling diameter or height growth. Longleaf pine survival was increased with the presence of Pt only on one site, while NI seedlings had greater survival on five sites and greater growth on two sites. The presence of Pt on the containerized longleaf pine had no effect on survival or diameter growth after 4 yr. Inoculation of bareroot loblolly pine with Pt resulted in larger diameter seedlings at the time of planting for four of eight sites. However, these differences in diameter were not maintained in three of the sites after 4 yr. The use of Pt as an artificial inoculant of bareroot longleaf and loblolly pine seedlings does not increase survival or growth response of reforestation plantings on the sandhills of South Carolina after 4 (5) yr. South. J. Appl. For. 23(1):46-52.

Early Field Performance of Loblolly Pine Seedlings with Pisolithus Tinctorius Ectomycorrhizae on Two Lower Coastal Plain Sites

1983 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory N. Leach ◽  
Homer H. Gresham
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Pisolithus Tinctorius ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Bare Root ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Lower Coastal Plain ◽  
Growth Of Seedlings

Abstract Bare root seedlings of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) with Pisolithus tinctorius (Pers.) Coker and Couch (Pt) ectomycorrhizae were outplanted on typical reforestation sites in the lower coastal plain in Florida and Georgia. After two growing seasons, survival and height growth of seedlings with heavy Pt colonization at planting were not significantly different from control seedlings naturally infected with other ectomycorrhizae. Mycelial inoculum added to the nursery soil resulted in greater Pt colonization of seedlings than basidiospore inoculum applied in an inert coating on encapsulated seed.

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