Mechanisms of algal patch depletion: importance of consumptive and non-consumptive losses in mayfly-diatom systems

Oecologia ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garry J. Scrimgeour ◽  
Joseph M. Culp ◽  
Max L. Bothwell ◽  
Frederick J. Wrona ◽  
Malcolm H. McKee
Keyword(s):  
Patch Depletion

Patch depletion behavior differs between sympatric folivorous primates

Primates ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaia J. Tombak ◽  
Andrea J. Reid ◽  
Colin A. Chapman ◽  
Jessica M. Rothman ◽  
Caley A. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patch Depletion

Distance from cover affects artificial food-patch depletion by macropod herbivores

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey M. While ◽  
Clare McArthur
Keyword(s):  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Artificial Food ◽  
Full Dataset ◽  
Burnt Wood ◽  
Feeding Station ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Protective Cover ◽  
First Time ◽  
Patch Depletion

Artificial food patches were used to examine whether red bellied-pademelons (Thylogale billiardierii) and Bennett’s wallabies (Macropus rufogriseus rufogriseus) altered their foraging behaviour in an open habitat (a young plantation) in response to distance from cover, used as a surrogate for predation risk. Analyses using the full dataset showed no significant relationship between the amount of food eaten at a station and any of the cover variables. In contrast, regression analyses of the upper bounds dataset indicated that both increased distance from windrow (2.5-m-high stacks of burnt wood) and from nearest cover (windrow or forest at plantation edge) significantly reduced the amount of food consumed at a station. This indicates that distance from cover acts as a constraint on the amount of food eaten. When the feeding-station data were overlayed onto a map of scat densities across the study site, the amount of food eaten was positively related to the density of scats of both red-bellied pademelons and Bennett’s wallabies. Our results demonstrate that these macropods trade-off increased foraging benefits in order to forage closer to protective cover. Furthermore, they represent the first time that artificial food patches, with progressively decreasing reward per search effort, have been used to assess foraging behaviour in macropods. This opens up a wide range of research opportunities aimed at examining macropod foraging, with both ecological and practical applications.

scholarly journals The Prediction of Daily Intake in Grazing Cattle Using Methodologies, Models and Experiments that Integrate Pasture Structure and Ingestive Behavior

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene D. Ungar ◽  
Montague W. Demment ◽  
Uri M. Peiper ◽  
Emilio A. Laca ◽  
Mario Gutman
Keyword(s):  
Foraging Behavior ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Ingestive Behavior ◽  
Search Pattern ◽  
Intake Rate ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Grazing Cattle ◽  
Feeding Station ◽  
Patch Depletion

This project addressed the prediction of daily intake in grazing cattle using methodologies, models and experiments that integrate pasture structure and ingestive behavior. The broad objective was to develop concepts of optimal foraging that predicted ingestive behavior and instantaneous intake rate in single and multi-patch environments and extend them to the greater scales of time and space required to predict daily intake. Specific objectives included: to determine how sward structure affects the shape of patch depletion curves, to determine if the basic components of ingestive behavior of animals in groups differs from animals alone, and to evaluate and modify our existing models of foraging behavior and heterogeneity to incorporate larger scales of time and space. Patch depletion was found to be predominantly by horizon, with a significant decline in bite weight during horizon depletion. This decline derives from bite overlap, and is more pronounced on taller swards. These results were successfully predicted by a simple bite placement simulator. At greater spatial scales, patch selection was aimed at maximizing daily digestible intake, with the between patch search pattern being non-random. The processes of selecting a feeding station and foraging at a feeding station are fundamentally different. The marginal value theorem may not be the most appropriate paradigm for predicting residence time at a feeding station. Basic components of ingestive behavior were unaffected by the presence of other animals. Our results contribute to animal production systems by improving our understanding of the foraging process, by identifying the key sward parameters that determine intake rate and by improving existing conceptual and quantitative models of foraging behavior across spatial and temporal scales.

Patch Use and Patch Depletion By the Spider and Howling Monkeys of Santa Rosa National Park, Costa Rica

Behaviour ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 105 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 99-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
National Park ◽  
Feeding Activity ◽  
Ecological Models ◽  
Spider Monkeys ◽  
Patch Use ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Santa Rosa National Park ◽  
Patch Depletion ◽  
Howling Monkeys

AbstractPatch depletion is an assumption that underlies many behavioural ecological models, yet it has rarely been examined. The evidence presented here suggests that the spider and howling monkeys of Santa Rosa National Park, Costa Rica use food resources that occur in patches and generally deplete the patches they use. However, some types of patches (e.g. large fruiting trees for spider monkeys, and trees used as sources of leaves for howlers) are not depleted by the feeding activity of primates. An examination of which types of patches are depleted and the manner in which depletion likely occurs, allows an assessment of possible factors underlying the different types of social organizations in these species.

scholarly journals Optimal foraging: food patch depletion by ruddy ducks

Oecologia ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael W. Tome
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Foraging ◽  
Food Patch ◽  
Ruddy Ducks ◽  
Patch Depletion

Feeding competition inferred from patch depletion in a supergroup of Rwenzori black-and-white colobus monkeys (Colobus angolensis ruwenzorii) in Rwanda

Behaviour ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 157 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 731-760
Author(s):  
Alex Miller ◽  
Debra S. Judge ◽  
Grace Uwingeneye ◽  
Dieudonne Ndayishimiye ◽  
Beth A. Kaplin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scramble Competition ◽  
Feeding Competition ◽  
Intake Rate ◽  
Contest Competition ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Colobus Monkeys ◽  
Colobus Angolensis ◽  
Black And White Colobus ◽  
Patch Depletion

Abstract Competition for food is often a cost associated with living in a group, and can occur in an indirect (scramble) or direct (contest) form. We investigated feeding competition in a supergroup of Rwenzori black-and-white colobus monkeys (Colobus angolensis ruwenzorii) in Rwanda, with the aim of establishing whether freedom from scramble competition allows these monkeys to form supergroups. We used the patch depletion method, measuring intake rate coupled with movement rate, to assess if food patches become depleted over the occupancy period. Resource depletion was evident when the colobus fed on young leaves, but not when feeding on mature leaves. Scramble competition was inferred from a negative correlation between group size and change in intake rate over patch occupancy. Between-group contest competition was inferred from displacement from patches. Although feeding competition exists for select resources, limited competition for mature leaves may enable Rwenzori colobus to live in a supergroup of hundreds of individuals in this montane forest.

The "Feed:Feed" Decision: How Goldfish Solve the Patch Depletion Problem

Behaviour ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 89 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 175-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel P. Lester
Keyword(s):  
Patch Depletion

scholarly journals Oviposition behaviour of Gryon gallardoi (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae) on eggs of different ages of Spartocera dentiventris (Hemiptera, Coreidae)

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciane da Rocha ◽  
Luiza Redaelli ◽  
Milton de S. Mendonça Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Host Choice ◽  
Oviposition Behaviour ◽  
Host Age ◽  
Behavioural Changes ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Patch Depletion

The oviposition behaviour of Gryon gallardoi (Brèthes, 1914) on eggs of Spartocera dentiventris Mendonça Jr. (Berg, 1884) of different ages (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 12 days) was investigated. Groups of 12 eggs of each age were exposed to single females of G. gallardoi, and the oviposition behaviour was recorded under a stereomicroscope for two hours. Ten replicates were used for each age. In order to identify the moment the parasitoid egg was released inside the host, 1-day old eggs of S. dentiventris were exposed to G. gallardoi females, and the oviposition was interrupted at intervals of 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140 and 160s after ovipositor insertion had initiated. Five behavioural steps were recorded: drumming, ovipositor insertion, marking, walking and resting. The average drumming and ovipositor insertion times increased with the host age (P<0.01). Ovipositor insertion usually occurred next to the longitudinal extremities of the host eggs. Marking took on average 19.5 ± 0.7s, and as walking and resting, was not affected by host age. Self-parasitism behaviour was observed in only 13.8 ± 2.3% of the eggs, being more evident with increasing patch depletion (reduction in non-parasitized eggs in the egg group, P<0.01), again with no variation due to changes in host egg age. For all ages tested, self-parasitized host eggs were less frequently contacted and accepted than non-parasitized ones (P<0.01). The parasitoid egg was released 137.0 ± 3.7s after ovipositor insertion. Spartocera dentiventris egg condition can lead to parasitoid behavioural changes, especially during the process of host choice and discrimination.

The effect of patch depletion on meal patterns in rats

1993 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deanne F. Johnson ◽  
Jeffery Triblehorn ◽  
George Collier
Keyword(s):  
Meal Patterns ◽  
Patch Depletion
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