Selectivity of the action of morphine and ketamine on neuro-muscular transmission in smooth muscles of different types in the stomach and large intestine of guinea pigs

1994 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-141
Author(s):  
V. P. Zagorodnyuk ◽  
I. A. Vladimirova ◽  
M. F. Shuba ◽  
V. M. Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Large Intestine ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Smooth Muscles ◽  
Different Types

Relationship between potency of L-isoprenaline and β-adrenoceptor density estimated in single cells from tracheal smooth muscles of guinea pigs of different ages

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 458-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Issei Takayanagi ◽  
Mitsutoshi Satoh ◽  
Noriko Kokubu ◽  
Teruko Kato
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Dissociation Constants ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Regression Line ◽  
Smooth Muscles ◽  
Receptor Density ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Β Receptor

An age-related change in potency of L-isoprenaline in the presence of ascorbic acid, desmethylimipramine, corticosterone, pargyline, and phentolamine was obtained in tracheal strips from guinea pigs of differing ages between 6 and 40 weeks. The potency in the strips from 100-week-old guinea pigs did not significantly differ from that in strips from 40-week-old animals. Single cells were prepared from the tracheal muscles of 6-, 10-, 40-, and 100-week-old guinea pigs. The specific binding of [3H]dihydroalprenolol to the single cells was saturable. The dissociation constants of [3H]dihydroalprenolol were in good agreement with those of the membrane fractions from the guinea-pig tracheal muscles, and did not change with age. An excellent relationship between the potency of L-isoprenaline and the maximum binding of [3H]dihydroalprenolol estimated in the preparations from 6- to 40-week-old guinea pigs was found, suggesting that the increase in the potency of L-isoprenaline is due to the increase in the maximum binding or receptor density. The value in the preparations from 100-week-old guinea pigs deviated significantly from the regression line. This suggests the possibility that the decrease in potency in the strips from 100-week-old animals is due to a change in post β-receptor processes in responsiveness.Key words: guinea-pig trachea, single cells, β-receptor density, ageing, dissociation constant.

Novel intrinsic neurogenic and myogenic mechanisms underlying formation of faecal pellets along the large intestine of guinea‐pigs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcello Costa ◽  
Timothy J. Hibberd ◽  
Lauren J. Keightley ◽  
Lukasz Wiklendt ◽  
Melinda A. Kyloh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Intestine ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Faecal Pellets

Scanning Electron Microscopic Study of the Organ of Corti in Normal and Sound-Damaged Guinea Pigs

1976 ◽  
Vol 85 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduard R. Soudijn
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Organ Of Corti ◽  
Tectorial Membrane ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Human Organ ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic Study ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Temporal Bones ◽  
Scanning Electron

A method was evolved by which the organ of Corti could be examined in its entirety with the scanning electron microscope, the organ meanwhile retaining its spiral form. This made it possible to assess traumatic effects on the cochlea and qualify lesions in terms of extent, localization and pattern. It was also found possible eventually to cut the same specimen into sections for cellular and subcellular studies. The number of guinea pigs examined totalled 91, divided into three groups. The first group was used to study the anatomy of the organ of Corti with special reference to normal variations and artifacts. Unmistakable indications were found that the longest stereocilia of the inner hair cells are linked to the tectorial membrane. The animals of the second group were exposed to pure tones of high intensity, whereupon, lesions of the organ of Corti were described according to intensity, time, and frequency. Three different types of otologic drills were used to perform mastoidectomies on temporal bones and on the cadaver. The noise produced was analyzed as to intensity and frequency range. It was found that the drill with the lowest rpm (and highest torque) produced the highest noise intensities, at levels which can be traumatic to the human organ of hearing. The animals of the third group were exposed to the amplified noise produced by otologic drills of three different types. The resulting lesions in the organ of Corti were examined by the method described for scanning electron microscopy and compared. In spite of the wide variation in individual lesions, patterns of degeneration of three different types could be distinguished. The high-speed and the very-high-speed drill inflicted less damage on the organ of Corti than the low-speed drill. It is therefore advised to refrain from using the latter drill in prolonged operations.

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