Distribution of neutralizing antibodies against equine rhinopneumonitis virus in Dutch horse sera as measured by a plaque assay method with fluid overlay

1966 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. F. Boer
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Plaque Assay ◽  
Assay Method

A simple plaque assay method for antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity using Cunningham's chamber

1981 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jo Satoh ◽  
Noboru Suzuki ◽  
Yoshio Gotoh ◽  
Katsuo Kumagai
Keyword(s):  
Plaque Assay ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Dependent Cell

Plaque assay method for arboviruses in mosquito cells

1979 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1077-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conrad E. Yunker ◽  
Jack Cory
Keyword(s):  
Plaque Assay ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Mosquito Cells

Mechanism of Action of the Anti-Influenza Virus Active Kampo (Traditional Japanese Herbal) Medicine, Hochuekkito

Pharmacology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 101 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 148-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuaki Dan ◽  
Keita Takanashi ◽  
Hiroko Akiyoshi ◽  
Kaori Munakata ◽  
Hideki Hasegawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Plaque Assay ◽  
Virus Titer ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Virus Adsorption ◽  
Virus Rna ◽  
Viral Particles

When the Kampo medicine, Hochuekkito (Hochu), was administered to normal mice for 2 weeks, influenza virus titer was reduced. The mechanism of action of Hochu was examined using the plaque assay method. It was suggested that Hochu may either obstruct the first stage of the infection process (adsorption and entry) or may directly target viral particles. Using the plaque assay method, these 2 modes of action could not be differentiated. Virus RNA in the infected cell was verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. An equal inhibition effect was obtained when Hochu was preprocessed for normal cells and when they were made to act simultaneously with virus adsorption. The viral load at the cell surface following UV irradiation was higher in the Hochu-administered group as compared with that of the control. Moreover, the affinity of Hochu for the influenza virus was hundred times higher than its affinity for the host cell. The effect of entry obstruction by Hochu was observed via image analysis, where the amount of virus nucleocapsid protein (NP) invading the cell was visualized with FITC-labeled NP antibody. Hochu does not seem to have an effect on nucleic acid synthesis, viral release from infected cells, and on the subsequent second round of infection. In conclusion, Hochu binds to viral particles and forms complexes that can obstruct the entry of influenza virus into cells.

scholarly journals An improved assay method for neutralizing antibodies against influenza viruses

1958 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Fazekas de St Groth ◽  
J. Withell ◽  
K. J. Lafferty
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Synthetic Medium ◽  
Host Tissue ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Techniques Of Neutralization ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Simple Synthetic Medium ◽  
Plastic Trays

1. A method has been developed for the assay of antisera against influenza viruses.2. Surviving bits of allantois-on-shell serve as host tissue, eighty to one hundred units being provided by a single egg. The test is set up in plastic trays, and uses a simple synthetic medium.3. The method has worked equally well with the ten representative strains of influenza virus tested. It surpasses the orthodox techniques of neutralization in mice or whole eggs as regards sensitivity, accuracy and economy.

scholarly journals Virus excretion and neutralizing antibody response in saliva in human cytomegalovirus infection

1980 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 842-845
Author(s):  
T Tamura ◽  
S Chiba ◽  
Y Chiba ◽  
T Nakao
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Plaque Assay ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Immune Mechanism ◽  
Diethylaminoethyl Cellulose ◽  
Virus Excretion ◽  
Human Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Antibody Determination

The local secretory immune mechanism in infants with cytomegalovirus infection was studied by a measurement of neutralizing antibody in saliva. Neutralizing antibodies were determined by the microculture plaque assay in 65 saliva specimens including 54 samples from cytomegalovirus-infected subjects and 11 from seronegative controls. In addition, cytomegalovirus isolation from saliva or urine or both and antibody determination in serum and saliva were simultaneously performed on seven infants with cytomegalovirus excretion over long periods. Results obtained were as follows. (i) Neutralizing antibodies were detected in 41 (76%) of 54 saliva specimens obtained from infected subjects but in none of the 11 seronegative controls. (ii) Neutralizing antibodies in saliva were of low titer but persistently detectable in all but one of the seven infants. No relationship was recognized between the cessation of virus excretion and the development of neutralizing antibodies in saliva. (iii) Virus-neutralizing activity was specifically found in the immunoglobulin A fraction of pooled saliva by diethylaminoethyl cellulose chromatography.

scholarly journals Plaque assay of neonatal calf diarrhea virus and the neutralizing antibody in human sera

1977 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
S Matsuno ◽  
S Inouye ◽  
R Kono
Keyword(s):  
Plaque Assay ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Kidney Cell Line ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Bovine Rotavirus ◽  
Neonatal Calf ◽  
Calf Diarrhea ◽  
Human Sera ◽  
Neonatal Calf Diarrhea

Neonatal calf diarrhea virus (a bovine rotavirus) formed distinct plaques in monolayers of MA-104 cells, an established macacus rhesus monkey kidney cell line, when diethylaminoethyl dextran and trypsin were included in the overlay medium. By using this plaque assay method, titration of neutralizing antibody to neonatal calf diarrhea virus was made feasible. It was demonstrated that some human sera contained neutralizing antibody to this agent.

scholarly journals Tissue tropism of recombinant coxsackieviruses in an adult mouse model

2005 ◽  
Vol 86 (7) ◽  
pp. 1897-1907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heli Harvala ◽  
Hannu Kalimo ◽  
Jeffrey Bergelson ◽  
Glyn Stanway ◽  
Timo Hyypiä
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Plaque Assay ◽  
Tissue Tropism ◽  
Structural Protein ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Recombinant Viruses ◽  
Adult Mice ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Structural Region

Recombinant viruses, constructed by exchanging the 5′ non-coding region (5′NCR), structural and non-structural protein coding sequences were used to investigate determinants responsible for differences between coxsackievirus A9 (CAV9) and coxsackievirus B3 (CBV3) infections in adult mice and two cell lines. Plaque assay titration of recombinant and parental viruses from different tissues from adult BALB/c mice demonstrated that the structural region of CBV3 determined tropism to the liver tissue due to receptor recognition, and the 5′NCR of CBV3 enhanced viral multiplication in the mouse pancreas. Infection with a chimeric virus, containing the structural region from CBV3 and the rest of the genome from CAV9, and the parental CBV3 strain, caused high levels of viraemia in adult mice. The ability of these viruses to infect the central nervous system suggested that neurotropism is associated with high replication levels and the presence of the CBV3 capsid proteins, which also enhanced formation of neutralizing antibodies. Moreover, the appearance of neutralizing antibodies correlated directly with the clearance of the viruses from the tissues. These results demonstrate potential pathogenicity of intraspecies recombinant coxsackieviruses, and the complexity of the genetic determinants underlying tissue tropism.

Optimal conditions for titration of SV40 by the plaque assay method

1983 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
James L. Fendrick ◽  
Lesley M. Hallick
Keyword(s):  
Plaque Assay ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Optimal Conditions

scholarly journals A Simple Methodological Approach for Counting and Identifying Culturable Viruses Adsorbed to Cellulose Nitrate Membrane Filters

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 194-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios T. Papageorgiou ◽  
Laura Mocé-Llivina ◽  
Christina G. Christodoulou ◽  
Francisco Lucena ◽  
Dina Akkelidou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tap Water ◽  
Membrane Filter ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Plaque Assay ◽  
Cellulose Nitrate ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Cellulose Membrane ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Membrane Filters

ABSTRACT We identified conditions under which Buffalo green monkey cells grew on the surfaces of cellulose nitrate membrane filters in such a way that they covered the entire surface of each filter and penetrated through the pores. When such conditions were used, poliovirus that had previously been adsorbed on the membranes infected the cells and replicated. A plaque assay method and a quantal method (most probable number of cytopathic units) were used to detect and count the viruses adsorbed on the membrane filters. Polioviruses in aqueous suspensions were then concentrated by adsorption to cellulose membrane filters and were subsequently counted without elution, a step which is necessary when the commonly used methods are employed. The pore size of the membrane filter, the sample contents, and the sample volume were optimized for tap water, seawater, and a 0.25 M glycine buffer solution. The numbers of viruses recovered under the optimized conditions were more than 50% greater than the numbers counted by the standard plaque assay. When ceftazidime was added to the assay medium in addition to the antibiotics which are typically used, the method could be used to study natural samples with low and intermediate levels of microbial pollution without decontamination of the samples. This methodological approach also allowed plaque hybridization either directly on cellulose nitrate membranes or on Hybond N+ membranes after the preparations were transferred.

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