New Social Movements, the Third Sector and the welfare state

City ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 1 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 141-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Lipietz

Author(s):  
Caitlin McMullin ◽  
Michael J. Roy ◽  
Maeve Curtin

We compare the development of the third sector in Scotland and Quebec, which have developed ecosystems that distinguish them from the liberal non-profit regimes of the UK and Canada. We employ an institutional logics framework to consider how the rules, practices, values and beliefs of these ‘stateless nations’ have formed unique structures and identities of the third sector that diverge from their broader national context. Our model demonstrates how the development of the welfare state and approaches to implementing social policy, government–third sector relationships, civic nationalism and solidarity interact in an iterative process to create distinct third sectors.


1999 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher A. Colderley

Throughout the 1980s, neoconservative governments—fueled by the conviction that the delivery of goods and services is more efficient when left in the hands of the nongovernmental sector, and that nonprofits are more sensitive to personal and individual needs because they are not bound by “bureaucratic” and “majoritarian” constraints—called upon volunteer activity to substitute for the state in many areas of social policy. This doctrine viewed “the relationship between government and the nonprofit sector in terms that are close to what economists would call a zero-sum game.” Advocates of this position believed that once the welfare state dissipated most social welfare activities would be (re)supplied through the expansion of the third sector. Despite the prominence of these beliefs, the evidence overwhelmingly suggests otherwise.


Author(s):  
Lucas Henrique Pinto

El trabajo aborda el tema de la acción colectiva internacional desde el ascenso de las organizaciones del llamado tercer sector, hasta el (re)surgimiento de movimientos campesinos contrahegemónicos, que internacionalizan y ambientalizan su lucha a partir de la agroecología y los debates de la soberanía alimentaria y justicia ambiental. Estos debates serán ejemplificados a partir de tres organizaciones campesinas de Brasil, México y Argentina. Las mismas expresan los procesos de territorialización campesina y sus dinámicas en los tres países, además de un complejo acercamiento a las temáticas ambientales que propone un quiebre normativo en relación a la actuación de Organizaciones No Gubernamentales (ONGs), fundaciones y organizaciones ambientalistas tradicionales. Si bien las organizaciones que buscaremos caracterizar en clave comparativa sean organizaciones novedosas en relación al movimiento campesino clásico, por adentrarse en problemáticas contemporáneas como la cuestión ambiental, democracia interna y la soberanía alimentaria; resignificando y ambientalizando a la cuestión agraria contemporánea; las mismas cuestionan al capitalismo y rescatan críticamente las experiencias de los movimientos sociales y sindical que las precedieron. Luego, las organizaciones campesinas estudiadas afirman en su existencia y base social algunas características que la Escuela de los Nuevos Movimientos Sociales tiende a negar frente su interpretación analítica de la acción colectiva internacional en la globalización y los sujetos sociales (tercer sector) que la misma privilegia en sus análisis. Abstract This research approaches the issue of the international collective action, from the rise of the third sector organizations to the resurgence of counter-hegemonic peasant movements that internationalize and “environmentalize” their struggle from the discussions of agroecology, food sovereignty and environmental justice. These discussions will be exemplified by three peasant organizations in Brazil, México and Argentina. The organizations above mentioned express the processes of peasant territorialization and their dynamics in the three countries, in addition to a complex approach to the environmental issues that proposes a normative break related to the actions of the traditional environmental NGO´s, foundations and organizations. The organizations that we characterize in comparative terms are innovatory in relation to the classic peasant movement, because they move further into contemporary issues such as environmental questions, internal democracy and food sovereignty; resignifying and “environmentalizing” the contemporary agrarian question. Also, these organizations confront capitalism and rescue, from a critical perspective, the experiences of the social and trade union movements that preceded them. Then, the peasant organizations studied in this work affirm in their existence and social base some characteristics that the School of New Social Movements tends to deny in its analytical interpretation of the international collective action in globalization and social subjects (third sector) that this School privileges in their analyzes.


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