Loss of smell leads to dementia in mice: Is Alzheimer's disease a degenerative disorder of the olfactory system?

1989 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 448-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Kurtz ◽  
T. Schuurman ◽  
Heino Prinz
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Olfactory System ◽  
Degenerative Disorder

The olfactory system in Alzheimer’s disease: Pathology, pathophysiology and pathway for therapy

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tibor Kovács
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Nerve Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Olfactory System ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Degenerative Disorders ◽  
Invasive Method

AbstractOlfaction is frequently mentioned as a “neglected sense”, although the olfactory system has several interesting and unique anatomical and physiological features. Olfactory involvement is present in several degenerative disorders, especially in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The peripheral and central parts of the olfactory system are damaged even in the early stages of AD, manifesting in profound olfactory deficits. Besides the early pathology, the olfactory system may be involved in the pathogenesis of AD by providing a route of entry for pathological agents still unknown. In contrast to this olfactory vector hypothesis, the olfactory system can be used to deliver therapeutic agents in AD, such as nerve growth factor and insulin, by decreasing the side-effects of the therapy or providing a non-invasive method of delivery.

scholarly journals Liver Growth Factor “LGF” as a Therapeutic Agent for Alzheimer’s Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (23) ◽  
pp. 9201
Author(s):  
Rafael Gonzalo-Gobernado ◽  
Juan Perucho ◽  
Manuela Vallejo-Muñoz ◽  
Maria José Casarejos ◽  
Diana Reimers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Dorsal Cortex ◽  
Liver Growth ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Protein Ubiquitination ◽  
Aging Populations ◽  
Degenerative Disorder

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive degenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia in aging populations. Although the pathological hallmarks of AD are well defined, currently no effective therapy exists. Liver growth factor (LGF) is a hepatic albumin–bilirubin complex with activity as a tissue regenerating factor in several neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s disease and Friedreich’s ataxia. Our aim here was to analyze the potential therapeutic effect of LGF on the APPswe mouse model of AD. Twenty-month-old mice received intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of 1.6 µg LGF or saline, twice a week during three weeks. Mice were sacrificed one week later, and the hippocampus and dorsal cortex were prepared for immunohistochemical and biochemical studies. LGF treatment reduced amyloid-β (Aβ) content, phospho-Tau/Tau ratio and the number of Aβ plaques with diameter larger than 25 µm. LGF administration also modulated protein ubiquitination and HSP70 protein levels, reduced glial reactivity and inflammation, and the expression of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax. Because the administration of this factor also restored cognitive damage in APPswe mice, we propose LGF as a novel therapeutic tool that may be useful for the treatment of AD.

scholarly journals The unfolded protein response is activated in the olfactory system in Alzheimer’s disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen C. Murray ◽  
Birger Victor Dieriks ◽  
Molly E. V. Swanson ◽  
Praju Vikas Anekal ◽  
Clinton Turner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Unfolded Protein Response ◽  
Olfactory System ◽  
Unfolded Protein ◽  
The Unfolded Protein Response ◽  
Protein Response

IC-03-03: An early Alzheimer's disease functional imaging marker: Olfactory deficits in Alzheimer's disease and MCI reflect degeneration of central olfactory system

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (7S_Part_1) ◽  
pp. P9-P9
Author(s):  
Megha Vasavada ◽  
Brittany Martinez ◽  
Prasanna Karunanayaka ◽  
Jianli Wang ◽  
Paul J. Eslinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Functional Imaging ◽  
Olfactory System ◽  
Early Alzheimer’S Disease

Olfactory (Chemosensory) Event-Related Potentials

1994 ◽  
Vol 10 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 587-596
Author(s):  
Gerd Kobal ◽  
Thomas Hummel
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Olfactory System ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Objective Data ◽  
Sense Of Smell ◽  
Multiple Chemical Sensitivities ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Multiple Chemical

Chemosensory event-related potentials (CSERPs) have found their way into a number offields of research where they help to determine the function of both the trigeminal and the olfactory system. The investigation of chemosensory deficits in patients with Parkinson's or Alzheimer's disease is only one of the typical applications. It can be assumed that scientists involved in research on patients with multiple chemical sensitivities will also benefit from having access to objective data covering different aspects of the sense of smell.

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