Movements of supernumerary hindlimbs after innervation by single lumbar spinal nerves ofXenopus laevis

1979 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 506-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Kleinebeckel
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Nerves ◽  
Lumbar Spinal

Posterior Branches of Lumbar Spinal Nerves – part II: Lumbar Facet Syndrome – Pathomechanism, Symptomatology and Diagnostic Work-up

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Kozera ◽  
Bogdan Ciszek ◽  
Paweł Szaro
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Facet Joint ◽  
Medial Branch ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Spinal Nerves ◽  
Lower Lumbar Spine ◽  
Facet Syndrome ◽  
Lumbar Spinal ◽  
Lumbar Facet

Posterior branches of the lumbar spinal nerves are the anatomic substrate of pain in the lower back, sacrum and the gluteal area. Such pain may be associated with various pathologies which cause pain in the posterior branches of the lumbar spinal nerves due to entrapment, mechanical irritation or inflammatory reaction and/or degeneration. The posterior branches are of significant functional importance, which is related to the function of the structures they supply, including facet joints, which are the basic biomechanical units of the spine. Low back pain caused by facet joint pathology may be triggered e.g. by simple activities, such as body rotations, unnatural positions, lifting heavy weights or excessive bending as well as chronic overloading with spinal hyperextension. Pain usually presents at the level of the lumbosacral junction (L 5 -S 1 ) and in the lower lumbar spine (L 4-5 , L 3-4 ). In the absence of specific diagnostic criteria, it is only possible to conclude that patients display tenderness at the level of the affected facet joint and that the pain is triggered by extension. Differential diagnosis for low back pain is difficult, since the pain may originate from various structures. The most reliable method of identifying Lumbar Facet Syndrome has been found to be a positive response to an analgesic procedure in the form of a block of the medial branch or intraarticular injection. There appear to be good grounds for conducting further studies and developing unequivocal diagnostic tests.

Acupuncture Points of the Lumbar Plexus

1985 ◽  
Vol 13 (01n04) ◽  
pp. 133-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.C. Dung
Keyword(s):  
Body Wall ◽  
Lumbar Plexus ◽  
Acupuncture Points ◽  
Lumbar Region ◽  
Lower Abdomen ◽  
Spinal Nerves ◽  
Medial Surface ◽  
Anatomic Basis ◽  
Lumbar Spinal

This communication is the fifth in a series of six publications describing acupuncture points by anatomic nomenclature. This article describes acunpuncture points in the lumbar region of the posterior body wall, the inguinal and pelvic regins of the lower abdomen, and the medial surface of the thigh and leg. Acunpuncture points in these regions are generally established by anatomic features of the lumbar spinal nerves. Nerve branches of the posterior primary rami of the lumbar spinal nerves and the lumbar plexus provide the anatomic basis for acunpuncture points in these regions and are used to name the points accordingly.

Evaluation of the anatomic effect of physical therapy exercises for mobilization of lumbar spinal nerves and the dura mater in dogs

2006 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 1773-1779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredrik I. Gruenenfelder ◽  
Alois Boos ◽  
Marco Mouwen ◽  
Frank Steffen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Dura Mater ◽  
Spinal Nerves ◽  
Lumbar Spinal

Proximal lumbar spinal nerves in axial MR imaging, CT, and anatomic sections.

Radiology ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 183 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Kostelic ◽  
V M Haughton ◽  
L Sether
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Spinal Nerves ◽  
Lumbar Spinal

Anatomy of the lumbar spinal nerves in the intervertebral foramen

1991 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 366-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
John K. Kostelic ◽  
Victor M. Haughton ◽  
Lowell A. Sether
Keyword(s):  
Intervertebral Foramen ◽  
Spinal Nerves ◽  
Lumbar Spinal

Neurogenic Pruritus: Treatment by Acupuncture

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 123-139
Author(s):  
AJ Stellon
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Spinal Nerves ◽  
Paravertebral Muscles ◽  
Skin Conditions ◽  
One Year ◽  
Lumbar Spinal

Introduction Notalgia paraesthetica is a condition associated with itching, and unassociated with a rash, that affects a segment of the body innervated by T2-T6 dorsal spinal nerves. It is believed to be a type of neuropathy. This single-handed practice reports one such case. It also describes a further eight cases of “neurogenic” pruritus which share similar characteristics to this condition but are in segments of the body innervated by cervical and lumbar spinal nerves. Traditional acupuncture has been described to help with skin conditions and this study was performed to see if it was successful in this type of pruritus. Patients and Methods Over a nine-year period in a practice with an average list size of 2000 patients, nine patients aged 41 to 79 years presenting with segmental itching were identified. Other causes of pruritus were excluded by clinical examination, as well as by haematological and biochemical tests. Drug induced causes were also excluded. Duration of pruritus was six weeks (range 4 – 52 weeks). In eight patients itching was restricted to dermatomes innervated by the spinal nerves of the cervical spine, in two by the dorsal spine and in two by the lumbar spine. In three patients pruritus occurred in dermatomes innervated by two separate areas of the spine. Clinical examination revealed restricted cervical or lumbar movements in seven patients. Paravertebral tenderness and/or spasm of the paravertebral muscles was found in the areas of pruritus in seven patients. Skin changes associated with sympathetic nerve over-activity were noted in five patients. Six of the nine patients had x-ray evidence of degeneration of the spine. Results All nine patients were treated by deep intramuscular stimulation of the paravertebral muscles in the dermatomes affected by pruritus. In total a median of three treatments (range 2 – 5) was required to resolve the pruritus. Recurrence of symptoms occurred in four patients within 8 to 12 months of their last treatment over a period of follow-up of 0.5 – 9 years (median one year). Repeat acupuncture treatment resolved the pruritus. Discussion The term neurogenic pruritus describes and encompasses all conditions associated with segmental itching unassociated with a rash. The clinical signs of this condition are suggestive of an early neuropathy as a result of a degenerative condition of the spine. This is the first report of symptoms of such a condition being treated successfully by acupuncture.

Neurogenic Pruritus: An Unrecognised Problem? A Retrospective Case Series of Treatment by Acupuncture

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 186-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Stellon
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Symptomatic Relief ◽  
Case Series ◽  
The Body ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Spinal Nerves ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Skin Conditions ◽  
Lumbar Spinal ◽  
Dorsal Spinal

Intractable localised segmental pruritus without a rash has been reported over the years under various titles depending on the area of the body affected. Notalgia paraesthetica and brachioradial pruritus are the two terms used for what is believed to be a form of neuropathy. The clinical observations reported here suggest that other localised cases of pruritus exist that share common clinical features, and the term neurogenic pruritus is suggested to encompass these under one clinical condition. Acupuncture has been used to treat skin conditions, of which pruritus is one symptom. This retrospective study looked at the symptomatic relief of neurogenic pruritus in 16 patients using acupuncture. In 12 cases the affected dermatomes of the body were innervated by cervical spinal nerves, seven innervated by dorsal spinal nerves and four innervated by the lumbar spinal nerves. Seven patients had areas affected by two different regions of the spine. Restricted neck or back movements were noted in patients as were areas of paravertebral spasm or tenderness of the muscles. Total resolution of symptoms as judged by VAS occurred in 75% of patients. Relapse occurred in 37% of patients within 1-12 months following treatment. Acupuncture appeared to be effective in alleviating the distressing symptom of itching in patients presenting with neurogenic pruritus.

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