Oxidative activity during the sexual cycle of the central nervous system, adrenal glands and ovaries in the hamster (Mesocricetus auratus)

1978 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Menendez-Patterson ◽  
J. A. Florez-Lozano ◽  
B. Marin
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Mesocricetus Auratus ◽  
Sexual Cycle ◽  
Oxidative Activity ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Development of adrenomedullary function in suckling rats: Effects of high doses of thyroxine and cortisol

1990 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-107
Author(s):  
L. Goya ◽  
C. Aláez ◽  
A. M. Pascual-Leone
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Insulin Administration ◽  
Newborn Rats ◽  
Short Intervals ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
High Doses

Abstract. The development of epinephrine, norephinephrine, and total catecholamine secretion in plasma and andrenal glands was studied in newborn rats at short intervals: at day 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 23. The increase in the plasma level of epinephrine represents a maturation of the secretion of the adrenal medulla. The increase in plasma of epinephrine and norepinephrine and the content of catecholamines in the adrenal glands of both normal animals and those treated with either high doses of T4 or cortisol at birth suggest a slowing down of the normal development of epinephrine secretion. This was confirmed by inducing hypoglycemia in these three groups of animals by a 20-h fast or by insulin administration (0.1436 μmol/kg). We conclude that both high doses of T4 and cortisol administered at birth seem to retard the development of the autonomic nervous system similar to the effect on the central nervous system.

Peripheral and brain tissue catecholamine content in intact and anti-NGF-treated fetal sheep

1987 ◽  
Vol 252 (1) ◽  
pp. R7-R12 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Schuijers ◽  
D. W. Walker ◽  
C. A. Browne ◽  
G. D. Thorburn
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Fetal Sheep ◽  
Catecholamine Content ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Fetal lambs were treated with a single dose of anti-mouse nerve growth factor (anti-NGF) at 80 days gestational age. The catecholamine content of tissues was determined at 135 days gestational age. There was a reduction of either norepinephrine, epinephrine, or both, in the thymus, thyroid, atrium (but not ventricle), lung, liver, kidney, and jejunum when compared with age-matched control fetuses. The spleen, ileum, colon, and the adrenal glands were not affected by anti-NGF. In treated fetuses there was a reduction in catecholamine content of the thalamus, hypothalamus, hippocampus, medulla, cerebellum, and cervical spinal cord. These results show that some tissues are sensitive to, and some are refractory to, the action of anti-NGF at 80 days gestation. Also the results suggest that NGF may play a role in the development of catecholamine-containing neurons within the central nervous system.

scholarly journals The role of the central nervous system in glucose homeostasis

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Muntean ◽  
Maria Mota ◽  
Simona Popa ◽  
Adina Mitrea
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Firing Rates ◽  
Claude Bernard ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Extracellular Level ◽  
The One

Abstract Central nervous system, mainly the hypothalamus and the brainstem are importantkeys in glucose homeostasis. Not only do they use glucose as primary fuel for theirfunctioning but they are part of intricate neuronal circuits involved in glucose uptakeand production as was first shown by Claude Bernard. Moreoverelectrophysiological analysis of hypothalamus revealed the existence of glucosensingneurons whose firing rates are controlled by glucose extracellular level. Furtherinformation was obtained regarding the importance of leptin, insulin and free fattyacids as afferent signals received by these neural structures. As for the main efferentpathways, autonomic system is the one connecting CNS with the effector organs (theliver, the pancreas and the adrenal glands).

scholarly journals Refractory neuroblastoma, victory over pain (clinical case)

Pain medicine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 64-58
Author(s):  
O O Kalinchuk ◽  
T G Korol ◽  
S S Blazhko ◽  
N U Kosechenko
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Sympathetic Ganglia ◽  
Protective Mechanism ◽  
Thoracic Cavity ◽  
Oncological Patients ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Neuroblastoma is a malignant tumor that develops from the stem cells of the sympathetic ganglia and the adrenal medulla and belongs to the group of neuroendocrine tumors. It is most often localized in the adrenal glands and the retroperitoneal space, less – in sympathetic ganglia of the neck and thoracic cavity. Pain syn-drome is one of the leading manifestations in patients with disease progression. Unlike other patients, a pain syndrome in oncological patients is not a temporary or periodic sensation, it has no physio-logical expediency, it does not have a protective mechanism, but, on the contrary, pain in this group of patients leads to inadaptation, distorted perception of pain and small impulses, most importantly, accompanied by various disorders of the functions of the central nervous system in the patient’s body.

Dietary sodium stimulates ouabainlike activity in adrenalectomized spontaneously hypertensive rats

1993 ◽  
Vol 265 (1) ◽  
pp. H421-H424 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. H. Leenen ◽  
E. Harmsen ◽  
H. Yu ◽  
B. Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Both the adrenal glands and the hypothalamus have been proposed to produce compound(s) with ouabainlike activity (OLA). To evaluate the contribution of the adrenal glands, 4-wk-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were sham operated or adrenalectomized. The adrenalectomized SHR were given daily injections of corticosterone and aldosterone. Subsequently, rats were randomized to control or high (8%) dietary Na+, and after 2.5 wk, blood pressure and OLA in plasma, hypothalamus, and pituitary were evaluated. Hypertension developed somewhat less in adrenalectomized vs. sham-operated SHR. On control Na+ intake, adrenalectomy caused only minor decreases in circulating and central OLA. Adrenalectomy did not prevent the 50-90% increases in plasma, hypothalamus, and pituitary OLA caused by high Na+ intake for 2.5 wk. These findings are consistent with the concept that, at least in SHR, the central nervous system may represent the major source of both central and peripheral OLA.

Primary neuroblastoma of the central nervous system with spontaneous extracranial metastases

1973 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio S. Henriquez ◽  
David M. Robertson ◽  
W. John S. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cerebral Neuroblastoma ◽  
Prior Surgery ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Extracranial Metastases ◽  
Fine Print

✓ A case of spontaneous extracranial metastases from a cerebral neuroblastoma in the absence of prior surgery is reported. The tumor was discovered incidently through biopsy of an enlarged retro-auricular lymph node in an apparently well 7-year-old boy who had not previously received surgery or radiotherapy. The patient died 15 months later. Autopsy excluded neuroblastoma of the adrenal glands or the sympathetic chains.

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