Development of adrenomedullary function in suckling rats: Effects of high doses of thyroxine and cortisol

1990 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-107
Author(s):  
L. Goya ◽  
C. Aláez ◽  
A. M. Pascual-Leone
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Insulin Administration ◽  
Newborn Rats ◽  
Short Intervals ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
High Doses

Abstract. The development of epinephrine, norephinephrine, and total catecholamine secretion in plasma and andrenal glands was studied in newborn rats at short intervals: at day 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 23. The increase in the plasma level of epinephrine represents a maturation of the secretion of the adrenal medulla. The increase in plasma of epinephrine and norepinephrine and the content of catecholamines in the adrenal glands of both normal animals and those treated with either high doses of T4 or cortisol at birth suggest a slowing down of the normal development of epinephrine secretion. This was confirmed by inducing hypoglycemia in these three groups of animals by a 20-h fast or by insulin administration (0.1436 μmol/kg). We conclude that both high doses of T4 and cortisol administered at birth seem to retard the development of the autonomic nervous system similar to the effect on the central nervous system.

Clinical Electroencephalography of Children Vol. II, edited by Peter Kellaway and Ingemar Peterśen. New York/London: Grune & Stratton, Inc., 1968, 332 pp., $16.75

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 785-786
Author(s):  
Cesare T. Lombroso
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Clinical Neurophysiology ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Subject

This book contains twenty papers read in the summer of 1967 at a conference in Gäteborg, Sweden. This was the second symposium within the span of 4 years on the subject of electroencephalognaphy and clinical neurophysiology relating to early life. The holding of the conference is certainly an index of the great surge of interest among pediatricians, neurologists and neurophysiologists in matters pertaining to the normal development of the central nervous system as well as in the pathologic deviations of this system.

Peripheral and brain tissue catecholamine content in intact and anti-NGF-treated fetal sheep

1987 ◽  
Vol 252 (1) ◽  
pp. R7-R12 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Schuijers ◽  
D. W. Walker ◽  
C. A. Browne ◽  
G. D. Thorburn
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Fetal Sheep ◽  
Catecholamine Content ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Fetal lambs were treated with a single dose of anti-mouse nerve growth factor (anti-NGF) at 80 days gestational age. The catecholamine content of tissues was determined at 135 days gestational age. There was a reduction of either norepinephrine, epinephrine, or both, in the thymus, thyroid, atrium (but not ventricle), lung, liver, kidney, and jejunum when compared with age-matched control fetuses. The spleen, ileum, colon, and the adrenal glands were not affected by anti-NGF. In treated fetuses there was a reduction in catecholamine content of the thalamus, hypothalamus, hippocampus, medulla, cerebellum, and cervical spinal cord. These results show that some tissues are sensitive to, and some are refractory to, the action of anti-NGF at 80 days gestation. Also the results suggest that NGF may play a role in the development of catecholamine-containing neurons within the central nervous system.

scholarly journals nanos1: a mouse nanos gene expressed in the central nervous system is dispensable for normal development

2003 ◽  
Vol 120 (6) ◽  
pp. 721-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiki Haraguchi ◽  
Masayuki Tsuda ◽  
Satoshi Kitajima ◽  
Yumiko Sasaoka ◽  
Aya Nomura-Kitabayashid, ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
The Central Nervous System

scholarly journals High doses of cefotaxime in treatment of adult meningitis due to Streptococcus pneumoniae with decreased susceptibilities to broad-spectrum cephalosporins.

1996 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 218-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
P F Viladrich ◽  
C Cabellos ◽  
R Pallares ◽  
F Tubau ◽  
J Martínez-Lacasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Adjunctive Therapy ◽  
Maximum Dose ◽  
Central Nervous System Infection ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
High Doses

We treated nine patients (10 episodes) with meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates with decreased susceptibilities to broad-spectrum cephalosporins with high doses of cefotaxime (300 mg/kg of body weight per day; maximum dose, 24 g/day). Early adjunctive therapy with dexamethasone was also administered. Cefotaxime MICs were 0.5 (three episodes), 1 (five episodes), and 2 (two episodes) micrograms/ml, and MBCs ranged from 1 to 4 micrograms/ml. Therapy was well tolerated, and all patients experienced prompt clinical improvement. One patient died 8 days after the end of therapy, the central nervous system infection had already been cured, and the remaining patients recovered without relapses.

scholarly journals The role of the central nervous system in glucose homeostasis

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Muntean ◽  
Maria Mota ◽  
Simona Popa ◽  
Adina Mitrea
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Firing Rates ◽  
Claude Bernard ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Extracellular Level ◽  
The One

Abstract Central nervous system, mainly the hypothalamus and the brainstem are importantkeys in glucose homeostasis. Not only do they use glucose as primary fuel for theirfunctioning but they are part of intricate neuronal circuits involved in glucose uptakeand production as was first shown by Claude Bernard. Moreoverelectrophysiological analysis of hypothalamus revealed the existence of glucosensingneurons whose firing rates are controlled by glucose extracellular level. Furtherinformation was obtained regarding the importance of leptin, insulin and free fattyacids as afferent signals received by these neural structures. As for the main efferentpathways, autonomic system is the one connecting CNS with the effector organs (theliver, the pancreas and the adrenal glands).

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