Carbon distribution and nitrogen partitioning in a soil-plant system with barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and rape (Brassica napus L.) grown in a14CO2-atmosphere

1994 ◽  
Vol 166 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erick Zagal
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Nitrogen Partitioning ◽  
Carbon Distribution ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Plant System

GROWTH OF BARLEY, BROMEGRASS AND ALFALFA IN THE GREENHOUSE IN SOIL CONTAINING RAPESEED AND WHEAT RESIDUES

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 241-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. WADDINGTON
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Nitrogen Deficiency ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Bromus Inermis ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Total Leaf Area ◽  
Brassica Napus L

Under greenhouse conditions, incorporating ground straw in the soil at rates between 2,240 and 8,970 kg/ha reduced the emergence of alfalfa (Medicago media Pers. cv. Beaver) significantly (P < 0.05) and bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss cv. Magna) slightly, but had no effect on barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Conquest). Rape (Brassica napus L. cv. Target and B. campestris L. cv. Echo) straws were more damaging than wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Manitou) straw. Symptoms of severe nitrogen deficiency appeared early in the growth of barley where straw had been added to the soil. The effect on tillering varied. In one experiment tillers were smaller, in one tillers were larger; but in both, total leaf area produced was much less where 8,970 kg/ha of straw had been added to the soil. Bromegrass showed the same effects but to a lesser degree, probably because of slower growth requiring a smaller supply of nitrogen. Alfalfa growth was apparently unaffected. There was no evidence that the straw of either rapeseed species was more deleterious than wheat straw to crop growth after emergence. It is concluded that straw incorporated in soil affected barley and bromegrass growth by reducing the availability of nitrogen.

scholarly journals THE SULPHUR STATUS OF EASTERN CANADIAN PRAIRIE SOILS: SULPHUR RESPONSE AND REQUIREMENTS OF ALFALFA (Medicago sativa L.), RAPE (Brassica napus L.) AND BARLEY (Hordeum vulgare L.)

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. D. BAILEY
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Plant Uptake ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Canadian Prairie ◽  
Prairie Soils ◽  
S Uptake ◽  
Herbage Yield

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa), rape (Brassica napus) and barley (Hordeum vulgare) were grown in a growth chamber with and without sulphur (S) on surface samples (0–15 cm) of 17 eastern Canadian prairie soils. The soil varied in pedological origin and were divided into three groups based on their total nitrogen:total sulphur (N:S) ratios. Herbage yield of alfalfa (full bud) and rape (flowering) were highly correlated (P < 0.01) with soil (N:S)s ratios and soil SO4-S, while for barley (shot blade) the relationships were significant [Formula: see text]. Herbage yields of the three crops were also significantly correlated [Formula: see text] with plant (N:S)p ratios. Soil (N:S) ratio was considered the best predictor of herbage yield because it is more stable over time than soil SO4-S and because plant (N:S)p ratio only indicates a need for future fertilization. The highest yields and S and N composition of plant tissues were obtained on soils with SO4-S concentrations greater than 12 mg kg−1 and an (N:S)s ratio of approximately 6. These soils had sufficient S to meet the requirements of all three crops. Addition of S had no effect on herbage yield but did increase S uptake. Results indicated that soils with (N:S)s ratio of 9 and SO4-S concentration of 7 mg kg−1, may have sufficient S to meet the requirement of barley but not alfalfa and rape. However, soils with higher (N:S)s ratios and lower SO4-S content were deficient in S for all crops. Barley was the most responsive to applied S of the three crops, although it had the lowest concentration of S (0.15 mg S g−1 dry herbage) and highest plant (N:S)p ratio (16) at its highest yield. Rape was more responsive to applied S than alfalfa but the concentration of S in the herbage of both crops at their highest yields were similar, 0.27 and 0.26 mg S g−1 dry herbage, respectively. Both crops also had lower (N:S)p ratios than barley at the highest yield (14 (alfalfa) and 12 (rape)), reflecting their greater S uptake. Key words: Plant-available S, soil (N:S)s ratio, plant (N:S)p ratio, plant uptake of S, plant uptake of N

CONTROL OF BARLEY AND WHEAT IN CANOLA WITH BAS 9052

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 1099-1102 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. N. P. CHOW ◽  
P. A. O’SULLIVAN ◽  
J. H. HUNTER ◽  
K. J. KIRKLAND
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Seed Yields

Control of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) at Brandon and Lacombe, and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at Regina and Scott, in Canola (Brassica campestris L. and Brassica napus L.) with postemergence (three- to four-leaf) applications of BAS 9052 (2-[1-(ethoxyimino)butyl]-5-[2-(ethylthio)-propyl]-3-hydroxy-2-cylcohexen-1-one) mixed with Atplus 411F (0.5% vol/vol) were evaluated in 1979 and 1981. Control of barley and wheat was good to excellent with applications at 0.3 or 0.4 kg/ha and seed yields of canola were increased.Key words: Barley, wheat, canola, BAS 9052

Induction by chromium ions of chitinases and polyamines in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and rape (Brassica napus L. ssp. oleifera)

Plant Science ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Jacobsen ◽  
Michael Zwicky Hauschild ◽  
Ulla Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Chromium Ions

Nitrogen partitioning and cycling in barley-soil systems under conventional and zero tillage in central Alberta

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Haugen-Kozyra ◽  
N. G. Juma ◽  
M. Nyborg
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Nitrogen Partitioning ◽  
Urea Solution ◽  
Organic N ◽  
N Recovery ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Soil Systems ◽  
Microbial N

Cropping systems which conserve soil, water and nutrients are needed on the Canadian prairies. The objectives of this study were: (1) to assess the effects of urea injection on N partitioning in barley-soil systems under conventional (CT) and zero tillage (ZT); and (2) to measure the dynamics of fertilizer and soil N over the growing season. Twelve microplots were installed in each of CT and ZT plots located on a Black Chernozemic soil and were fertilized (59 kg N ha−1) with 15N urea solution, sown to barley (Hordeum vulgare (L.) 'Empress') and destructively sampled at the fifth leaf, ear emergence, grain filling and ripening growth stages. Distribution of 14N and 15N in shoots, roots, mineral N, microbial N, and soil organic N were measured. The recovery of fertilizer N in the soil-plant system was not different between treatments. Microbial N and non-microbial organic N accounted for > 80% of residual 15N in both treatments. Nitrogen budgets showed that grain removal from CT was 76 kg ha−1 and 56 kg ha−1 in ZT. Our study suggests that more 15N from injected urea was converted to organic N under ZT than CT; thus ZT systems have the potential of conserving N. Tillage practices affect the fate of added N. Key words: Typic Cryoboroll, 15N, organic matter, Hordeum vulgare, N recovery, zero tillage

scholarly journals Lambs Fed Fresh Winter Forage Rape (Brassica napus L.) Emit Less Methane than Those Fed Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), and Possible Mechanisms behind the Difference

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e0119697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuezhao Sun ◽  
Gemma Henderson ◽  
Faith Cox ◽  
German Molano ◽  
Scott J. Harrison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Lolium Perenne L ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Forage Rape
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