Gastrointestinal smooth muscle function

1963 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Farrar
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Gastrointestinal Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Function

scholarly journals Regulation of Gastrointestinal Smooth Muscle Function by Interstitial Cells

Physiology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 316-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenton M. Sanders ◽  
Yoshihiko Kito ◽  
Sung Jin Hwang ◽  
Sean M. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Interstitial Cells Of Cajal ◽  
Smooth Muscles ◽  
Interstitial Cells ◽  
Gastrointestinal Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Function ◽  
Cells Of Cajal ◽  
Regulatory Functions

Interstitial cells of mesenchymal origin form gap junctions with smooth muscle cells in visceral smooth muscles and provide important regulatory functions. In gastrointestinal (GI) muscles, there are two distinct classes of interstitial cells, c-Kit+interstitial cells of Cajal and PDGFRα+cells, that regulate motility patterns. Loss of these cells may contribute to symptoms in GI motility disorders.

scholarly journals Functions of Muscarinic Receptor Subtypes in Gastrointestinal Smooth Muscle: A Review of Studies with Receptor-Knockout Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 926
Author(s):  
Yasuyuki Tanahashi ◽  
Seiichi Komori ◽  
Hayato Matsuyama ◽  
Takio Kitazawa ◽  
Toshihiro Unno
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Knockout Mice ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors ◽  
Receptor Subtype ◽  
Receptor Subtypes ◽  
Gastrointestinal Smooth Muscle ◽  
Subtype Selectivity ◽  
Smooth Muscle Function

Parasympathetic signalling via muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) regulates gastrointestinal smooth muscle function. In most instances, the mAChR population in smooth muscle consists mainly of M2 and M3 subtypes in a roughly 80% to 20% mixture. Stimulation of these mAChRs triggers a complex array of biochemical and electrical events in the cell via associated G proteins, leading to smooth muscle contraction and facilitating gastrointestinal motility. Major signalling events induced by mAChRs include adenylyl cyclase inhibition, phosphoinositide hydrolysis, intracellular Ca2+ mobilisation, myofilament Ca2+ sensitisation, generation of non-selective cationic and chloride currents, K+ current modulation, inhibition or potentiation of voltage-dependent Ca2+ currents and membrane depolarisation. A lack of ligands with a high degree of receptor subtype selectivity and the frequent contribution of multiple receptor subtypes to responses in the same cell type have hampered studies on the signal transduction mechanisms and functions of individual mAChR subtypes. Therefore, novel strategies such as genetic manipulation are required to elucidate both the contributions of specific AChR subtypes to smooth muscle function and the underlying molecular mechanisms. In this article, we review recent studies on muscarinic function in gastrointestinal smooth muscle using mAChR subtype-knockout mice.

Enhanced actions of nitric oxide in modulating gastrointestinal smooth muscle function during pregnancy

1995 ◽  
Vol 108 (4) ◽  
pp. A1246
Author(s):  
S.N. Shah ◽  
J.M. Cuevas ◽  
A.J. Hobbs ◽  
E. Whang ◽  
L.J. Ignarro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Gastrointestinal Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Function

SMALL BOWEL ISCHEMIA/REPERFUSION (II/R) ALTERS COLONIC SMOOTH MUSCLE FUNCTION.

Shock ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 9 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
DT Dempsey ◽  
BS Myers ◽  
JP Ryan ◽  
J Carroll ◽  
SI Myers
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Small Bowel ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Bowel Ischemia ◽  
Smooth Muscle Function

Effect of Flush-Perfusion on Vascular Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Function

1997 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 1075-1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Ingemansson ◽  
Algimantas Budrikis ◽  
Ramunas Bolys ◽  
Trygve Sjöberg ◽  
Stig Steen
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Smooth Muscle Function

scholarly journals Effects of Scleroderma Antibodies and Pooled Human Immunoglobulin on Anal Sphincter and Colonic Smooth Muscle Function

2012 ◽  
Vol 143 (5) ◽  
pp. 1308-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jagmohan Singh ◽  
Sidney Cohen ◽  
Vaibhav Mehendiratta ◽  
Fabian Mendoza ◽  
Sergio A. Jimenez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Anal Sphincter ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Human Immunoglobulin ◽  
Smooth Muscle Function
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