Polychromatic X-ray method for residual-stress measurements in a subsurface layer

1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-32
Author(s):  
J. Shibano ◽  
S. Tadano ◽  
T. Ukai
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Subsurface Layer ◽  
Ray Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Stress Measurements

X-Ray Residual Stress Analysis of Nickel Base Alloys

2014 ◽  
Vol 922 ◽  
pp. 274-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshihiko Sasaki ◽  
Toshiyuki Miyazaki ◽  
Hamiru Ito ◽  
Takashi Furukawa ◽  
Tsuyoshi Mihara
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Stress Analysis ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Ray Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Stress Measurements ◽  
Residual Stress Analysis ◽  
Nickel Base ◽  
Steam Generator Tubes

Nickel based alloys are widely used in steam generator tubes for nuclear power plants. 1-D X-ray stress measurements have been used for these alloys. But 1-D method requires large equipment and it is practically impossible to measure stress in power plants. In order to overcome this problem, we adopted 2-D X-ray method which requires significantly smaller equipment. In this paper we report preliminary results of 2-D X-ray stress measurements of nickel based alloys.

Service Loading Analysis of Wind Turbine Gearbox Rolling Bearings Based on X-Ray Diffraction Residual Stress Measurements

2013 ◽  
Vol 768-769 ◽  
pp. 723-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürgen Gegner ◽  
Wolfgang Nierlich
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Rolling Contact Fatigue ◽  
Contact Fatigue ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Rolling Bearings ◽  
Wind Turbine Gearbox ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Stress Measurements

Rolling bearings in wind turbine gearboxes occasionally fail prematurely by so-called white etching cracks. The appearance of the damage indicates brittle spontaneous tensile stress induced surface cracking followed by corrosion fatigue driven crack growth. An X-ray diffraction based residual stress analysis reveals vibrations in service as the root cause. The occurrence of high local friction coefficients in the rolling contact is described by a tribological model. Depth profiles of the equivalent shear and normal stresses are compared with residual stress patterns and a relevant fracture strength, respectively. White etching crack failures are reproduced on a rolling contact fatigue test rig under increased mixed friction. Causative vibration loading is evident from residual stress measurements. Cold working compressive residual stresses are an effective countermeasure.

X-ray Residual Stress Analysis of Zn-Ni Alloy Electroplating Layers

1989 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 171-175
Author(s):  
Toshihiko Sasaki ◽  
Makoto Kuramoto ◽  
Yasuo Yoshioka
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Stress Analysis ◽  
Stress Measurement ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
High Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Ray Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ni Alloy ◽  
Residual Stress Analysis

Zn-Ni-alloy electroplated steels are one of the surface-treated materials with a high corrosion resistance and are mostly used for automobiles. It is said that the corrosion resistance is more than four times as great as that of Zn-plated steels. Concerning x-ray stress measurement, Kyono et al reported the result of measurement on y (552) planes and showed that the sin2φ diagram was severely curved.X-ray stress analysis in surface-treated materials will become more important. Some problems, however, remain to be studied when we apply the x-ray method to thin layers. For example, the effective x-ray penetration depth may be different from that in ordinary materials. And complex gradients of stresses and compositions may exist.

The Effects of X-Ray Optics on Residual Stress Measurements in Steel

1973 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 354-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chester F. Jatczak ◽  
Harald H. Boehm
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Elastic Constants ◽  
Hardened Steel ◽  
Broad Line ◽  
Beam Optics ◽  
General Electric ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Stress Measurements ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Peak Location

AbstractThe effects of various combinations of divergence, receiving and Soller slits on x-ray measurements were investigated for Siemens-Halske and General Electric diffractometers. Influences of the following factors which also affect accuracy and precision of x-ray R.S. results were determined in addition: (a) parafocus versus stationary detector focusing geometry, (b) method of peak location, (c) LPA intensity correction, (d) diffractometer electronic stability and (e) elastic constants.The optimum choiees of beam optics and factors (a-e) were defined with regard to aecuraey, precision and minimurn time for stress deterniination, on sharp and broad line speeimens of soft (annealed) and hardened steel and of annealed Cr-powder.

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