Low-density lipoprotein turnover in inbred strains of rabbits hypo- or hyperresponsive to dietary cholesterol

High and low responding opossums (Monodelphis domestica) differ in their plasma very low density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein (VLDL+LDL) cholesterol concentrations when they consume a high cholesterol diet, which is due in part to absorption of a higher percentage of dietary cholesterol in high responders. We compared the expression of a set of genes that influence cholesterol absorption in high and low responders fed a basal or a high cholesterol and low fat (HCLF) diet. Up-regulation of theABCG5,ABCG8, andIBABPgenes by the HCLF diet in high and low responders may reduce cholesterol absorption to maintain cholesterol homeostasis. Differences in expression of the phospholipase genes (PLA2andPLB) and phospholipase activity were associated with differences in cholesterol absorption when opossums were fed cholesterol-enriched diets. HigherPLA2andPLBmRNA levels and higher phospholipase activity may increase cholesterol absorption in high responders by enhancing the release of cholesterol from bile salt micelles for uptake by intestinal cells.

Download Full-text

Absorption and metabolism of cholesterol in familial hypercholesterolemia

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs0760297 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 76 (3) ◽

pp. 297-301 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Helena Gylling ◽

Tatu A. Miettinen

Keyword(s):

Cholesterol Synthesis ◽

Familial Hypercholesterolaemia ◽

Cholesterol Metabolism ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Dietary Cholesterol ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Cholesterol Absorption ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Low Density ◽

Cholesterol Intake

1. The present study investigated the role of intestinal cholesterol absorption in the regulation of cholesterol metabolism and serum lipoprotein levels in 22 patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia on low to normal cholesterol intake. 2. The results showed that the higher the dietary cholesterol absorption, the lower was the overall synthesis of cholesterol. Efficient cholesterol absorption actually reduced the elimination of cholesterol as faecal neutral sterols but not consistently as bile acids. 3. In multifactorial analysis, body mass index and dietary plant sterols were negatively associated with cholesterol absorption, but were unrelated to cholesterol synthesis. 4. Fractional cholesterol absorption was related only to the serum very-low-density triacylglycerol level. It was not associated with the total or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. On the other hand, cholesterol synthesis was significantly associated with the serum concentrations of very-low-density lipoprotein and intermediate-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triacylglycerols, and with those of low-density lipoprotein triacylglycerols. 5. In conclusion, dietary cholesterol absorption is an essential regulator of cholesterol homoeostasis in familial hypercholesterolaemia, even in patients on low cholesterol intake.

Download Full-text

Molasses Increases HDL Cholesterol in Rats Research Note

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831.75.3.211 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 75 (3) ◽

pp. 211-217 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Schlegelmilch ◽

Brandsch ◽

Stangl ◽

Eder

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Control Diet ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Dietary Cholesterol ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Cholesterol Concentration ◽

Low Density ◽

Serum Lipoproteins ◽

Cholesterol Levels

Two experiments were conducted to determine whether molasses might exert effects on serum lipoproteins. In experiment 1, 24 rats were divided into two groups and fed diets containing liquid molasses from sugar beet or sucrose (7.71 g of molasses dry matter or sucrose per kg of diet). The second experiment included four groups of rats (n = 12/group) and was conducted in a bifactorial design, with the factors being molasses (non-supplementation vs. supplementation of 77.1 g of molasses dry matter per kg of diet at the expense of sucrose) and dietary cholesterol (0 vs. 5 g/kg diet). In experiment 1, the ratio of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentration tended to be lower in rats fed the molasses diet than in rats fed the control diet (p < 0.15). In experiment 2, rats fed the molasses diet had higher concentrations of HDL cholesterol (+ 26%) than control rats fed diets without molasses (p < 0.05). This effect was independent of the dietary cholesterol concentration. Concentrations of cholesterol in LDL, very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and liver as well as concentrations of triacylglycerols in plasma and liver remained unaffected by molasses in both experiments. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that supplementation of molasses is effective at raising HDL cholesterol levels in rats.

Download Full-text