Trends in use and prospects for the future harvest of world fisheries resources

1972 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 345A-350A ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucian M. Sprague ◽  
John H. Arnold

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Utomo ◽  
A. Wibowo ◽  
R. A. Suhaimi ◽  
D. Atminarso ◽  
L. J. Baumgartner

Indonesia’s increasing human population will require more food and potable water into the future. Constructing more reservoirs has been deemed a national priority to help meet these basic needs. The number of reservoirs in Indonesia has increased gradually over time, but this may have affected fisheries resources. Of the 100 reservoirs already built, 80% are on the island of Java. The direct effects of reservoir on fisheries resources include sedimentation, reduced water flows, eutrophication and disturbance to the fish life cycle, and indirect effects may include overfishing. Reservoirs can also alter habitat, which can change fisheries productivity. Fisheries resources management, in a reservoir, has a high possibility of success if clear boundaries are set and expectations are managed. Fishermen need to participate in management and targets must be set to establish a complete ecosystem for a growing fish population. Other interventions, such as floating cage aquaculture and fish restocking, are suitable tools for management. However, at present there is no Indonesian framework to guide such management tools. With many more reservoirs planned into the future, there is a pressing need to develop a systematic and robust management system to ensure fisheries and river development can coexist.



<em>Abstract</em>.—Federal restricted access management plans for Alaska’s fisheries have resulted in Bering Sea/Aleutian Island crab fisheries rationalization implemented in 2005. While rationalization of fisheries addresses problems of overcapitalization and inefficiencies in the industry, it does not explicitly address equitable distribution of shares to local communities or provide for the future participation of these communities. The Bering Sea/Aleutian Island crab rationalization program establishes a new precedent in rights-based fisheries management schemes by privileging processors with quota share. Through considerable and historical processor influence over local, state, and federal political processes, processor quota share was freely allocated to eligible processors because of the industry’s claim to a long-standing and capital intensive investment in crab fisheries. Processor parent companies can rely on diversification of their investments, and their stake in the industry is protected through direct processor quota shares. Local income diversification strategies diminish, however, with the passage of each restricted-access management program and the currently identified protections for local communities are inadequate to ensure their participation in the crab fisheries of the future. As a complement to the aim of achieving economic efficiency, the social context of fisheries needs to be considered in the design of rationalization programs for local fishermen and communities who too have a long-standing investment in Bering Sea fisheries resources.



Abstract: Fishery management agencies face the potentially opposing missions of fostering participation in consumptive recreational activities (fishing, boating) and, at the same time, managing to maintain, restore, protect, and conserve sometimes fragile fisheries resources. We discuss how two conservation agencies representing states as geographically, biologically, demographically, and climatically different as Florida and Alaska address the challenges of promoting recreational fishing use, while trying to sustain fragile fisheries resources and provide quality fishing opportunities for all types of anglers. In both cases, promotion of recreational fishing within appropriate constraints and with well-tailored outreach and conservation education messages are considered justified and necessary to the future of healthy fisheries and their continuing management.



1961 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
Wm. Markowitz
Keyword(s):  

A symposium on the future of the International Latitude Service (I. L. S.) is to be held in Helsinki in July 1960. My report for the symposium consists of two parts. Part I, denoded (Mk I) was published [1] earlier in 1960 under the title “Latitude and Longitude, and the Secular Motion of the Pole”. Part II is the present paper, denoded (Mk II).



1978 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 387-388
Author(s):  
A. R. Klemola
Keyword(s):  

Second-epoch photographs have now been obtained for nearly 850 of the 1246 fields of the proper motion program with centers at declination -20° and northwards. For the sky at 0° and northward only 130 fields remain to be taken in the next year or two. The 270 southern fields with centers at -5° to -20° remain for the future.



Author(s):  
Godfrey C. Hoskins ◽  
Betty B. Hoskins

Metaphase chromosomes from human and mouse cells in vitro are isolated by micrurgy, fixed, and placed on grids for electron microscopy. Interpretations of electron micrographs by current methods indicate the following structural features.Chromosomal spindle fibrils about 200Å thick form fascicles about 600Å thick, wrapped by dense spiraling fibrils (DSF) less than 100Å thick as they near the kinomere. Such a fascicle joins the future daughter kinomere of each metaphase chromatid with those of adjacent non-homologous chromatids to either side. Thus, four fascicles (SF, 1-4) attach to each metaphase kinomere (K). It is thought that fascicles extend from the kinomere poleward, fray out to let chromosomal fibrils act as traction fibrils against polar fibrils, then regroup to join the adjacent kinomere.



Author(s):  
Nicholas J Severs

In his pioneering demonstration of the potential of freeze-etching in biological systems, Russell Steere assessed the future promise and limitations of the technique with remarkable foresight. Item 2 in his list of inherent difficulties as they then stood stated “The chemical nature of the objects seen in the replica cannot be determined”. This defined a major goal for practitioners of freeze-fracture which, for more than a decade, seemed unattainable. It was not until the introduction of the label-fracture-etch technique in the early 1970s that the mould was broken, and not until the following decade that the full scope of modern freeze-fracture cytochemistry took shape. The culmination of these developments in the 1990s now equips the researcher with a set of effective techniques for routine application in cell and membrane biology.Freeze-fracture cytochemical techniques are all designed to provide information on the chemical nature of structural components revealed by freeze-fracture, but differ in how this is achieved, in precisely what type of information is obtained, and in which types of specimen can be studied.



Author(s):  
B. C. Hutchens
Keyword(s):  


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