Variability of flowering and 2n pollen production in diploid potatoes under high temperatures

1987 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen G. Haynes ◽  
F. L. Haynes ◽  
William H. Swallow
Keyword(s):  
High Temperatures ◽  
Pollen Production ◽  
2N Pollen

Use of Ipomoea trifida (HBK.) G. Don germ plasm for sweet-potato improvement. 2. Fertility of synthetic hexaploids and triploids with 2n gametes of I. trifida, and their interspecific crossability with sweet potato

Genome ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosanna Freyre ◽  
Masaru Iwanaga ◽  
Gisella Orjeda
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
2N Gametes ◽  
Pollen Production ◽  
2N Pollen ◽  
Ipomoea Trifida ◽  
Potato Improvement ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploids ◽  
Interspecific Crossability

Twenty-two synthetic hexaploids and 33 triploids with 2n pollen production of Ipomoea trifida were used in crosses to estimate their male and female fertility and their crossability with sweet potato, Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. Several important conclusions were drawn. (i) The fertility of pollen of the triploid plants was confirmed, which suggested they are truly functional 2n pollen. (ii) The average male fertility of hexaploid plants was higher than that of triploid with 2n pollen production plants. (iii) 2n egg production was observed in several triploid genotypes, (iv) From a polycross, 3079 seeds with normal shapes were produced. These represent a population of hexaploid I. trifida with a wide genetic base, and they may be important material for sweet-potato improvement, (v) A total of 3275 seeds were obtained from crosses with six sweet-potato female parents, of which only 60 germinated, indicating the existence of an interspecific barrier. The implications of 2n gametes for breeding and evolution of sweet potato are also discussed.Key words: Ipomoea batatas, Ipomoea trifida, 2n gametes, sexual polyploidization, triploid.

scholarly journals Effects of Colchicine on Populus canescens Ectexine Structure and 2n Pollen Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Zhou ◽  
Jian Wu ◽  
Yaru Sang ◽  
Zhengyang Zhao ◽  
Pingdong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Production ◽  
2N Pollen

Male fertility and 2n pollen production in haploid-wild species hybrids

1985 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
pp. 479-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelley A. Hermundstad ◽  
S. J. Peloquin
Keyword(s):  
Wild Species ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Pollen Production ◽  
2N Pollen ◽  
Species Hybrids

Discrepancy between spindle anomalies and 2N pollen production insolanum interspecific hybrids

1997 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 399-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amalia Barone ◽  
Domenico Carputo ◽  
Giuliana La Rotonda ◽  
Luigi Frusciante
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Pollen Production ◽  
2N Pollen

Variation for 2n pollen production in clones of Solanum phureja Juz. and Buk.

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Veilleux ◽  
F. I. Lauer
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Phureja ◽  
Pollen Production ◽  
2N Pollen

Use of Ipomoea trifida (HBK.) G. Don germ plasm for sweet potato improvement. 1. Development of synthetic hexaploids of I. trifida by ploidy-level manipulations

Genome ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaru Iwanaga ◽  
Rosanna Freyre ◽  
Gisella Orjeda
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ploidy Level ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Colchicine Treatment ◽  
Pollen Production ◽  
2N Pollen ◽  
Ipomoea Trifida ◽  
Pollen Sample ◽  
Colchicine Solution ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploids

Crosses were made between 21 tetraploid accessions and 41 diploid accessions of Ipomoea trifida, obtaining a total of 9185 triploid seeds from 215 different cross combinations. Doubling the somatic chromosome number of the triploids was attempted by colchicine treatment on young seedlings to obtain synthetic hexaploids. A total of 787 axillary buds of 316 triploid plants were treated with a 0.5% colchicine solution for 24 h, applied to cotton plugs surrounding the buds. The survival rate of the treated buds was, on average, 41%. The ploidy level in germ-layer L2 was determined in 258 clones by evaluating a pollen sample from each clone. Fifty-five clones were selected for high stainability and pollen size. The selected genotypes were meiotically analyzed. Twenty-two of them were identified as hexaploid and 33 as triploid with 2n pollen production. The present study is the first report on 2n pollen production in triploid plants of Ipomoea species. The use of these triploid clones with 2n pollen production and synthetic hexaploid clones for sweet-potato breeding is discussed.Key words: Ipomoea batatas, Ipomoea trifida, colchicine, triploids, 2n pollen.

Effects of different temperature regimes on flower development, microsporogenesis and fertility in bolting garlic (Allium sativum)

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Einat Shemesh Mayer ◽  
Tomer Ben-Michael ◽  
Sagie Kimhi ◽  
Itzhak Forer ◽  
Haim D. Rabinowitch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperatures ◽  
Flower Development ◽  
Temperature Increase ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Flower Senescence ◽  
Continuous Exposure ◽  
Pollen Production ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Reproductive Process

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) cultivars do not develop fertile flowers and seeds. Therefore, garlic production and improvement depend exclusively on vegetative propagation. Recent advances in garlic research have enabled fertility restoration and the discovery of fertile and male-sterile genotypes; however, the environmental regulation of the reproductive process is still not clear. Garlic seeds are successfully produced in the Mediterrenean region, where the photoperiod is relatively short, whereas spring and summer temperatures are high. We hypothesise that, in bolting garlic, various stages of florogenesis are differentially regulated by temperature and that high temperatures might obstruct pollen production. The effects of eight combinations of controlled growth temperatures on fertile and male-sterile garlic clones were studied. In both genotypes, a gradual temperature increase before and during anthesis favoured intact flower development. Surprisingly, continuous exposure to moderate temperatures during the entire growth period resulted in poor flowering, anther abortion and reduced pollen production. In the male-sterile genotype, no growth regime improved pollen production, which is controlled by genetic mechanisms. In the male-fertile genotype, gradual temperature increase supported pollen production but a sharp transition to high temperatures resulted in rapid flower senescence and pollen abortion, thus supporting our research hypothesis. In both fertile and male-sterile plants, the most vulnerable phase of microsporogenesis is the unicellular microspore stage. Tapetal malformation is the major cause for malnutrition of the microspores, with consequent production of nonviable pollen grains.

2n GAMETES IN DIPLOID SOLANUM: FREQUENCY AND TYPES OF SPINDLE ABNORMALITIES

1982 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Veilleux ◽  
N. A. McHale ◽  
F. I. Lauer
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Meiotic Division ◽  
2N Gametes ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Solanum Phureja ◽  
Spindle Orientation ◽  
Pollen Production ◽  
2N Pollen ◽  
Genetic Theory ◽  
Parallel Spindles

Cytological disturbances resulting in 2n pollen were examined in four clones of diploid (2x = 24) Solanum phureja Juz. and Buk.; two (148-17 and 127-14) were variable and two (154-1 and B2-11) were consistently high in 2n pollen production. Three types of abnormal spindle orientation were observed at the second meiotic division: fused, tripolar, and parallel spindles (fs, tps, and ps, respectively). All four genotypes had fs. Three had tps, and ps was least frequent, occuring in two genotypes only. Cross-sections of buds revealed that all three abnormalities can occur in adjacent cells of a locule. In all genotypes, fs predominated at high levels of expression of 2n gametes. At lower levels of expression (i.e. less than 60%, which occurred only in 148-17 and 127-14), however, the frequencies of tps and ps increased. In general, there was little evidence for localization of dyads (resulting from fs or ps) or tetrads (resulting from normal divisions) within cross sections of locules, but 52.4% of all tetrads which occurred in a single locule of genotype 127-14 were found in 25% of the locular area. Cross-sections of buds revealed variation in frequency of 2n gametes among anthers (61.7 vs. 5.6% in 148-17) and between locules of an anther (73.1 vs. 90.0% in B2-11). Implications of the anatomical study were applied to current genetic theory regarding the development of 2n gametes in potato species.

scholarly journals Unreduced 2n Pollen Production in ‘Nishiuchi Konatsu’ Hyuganatsu as Inferred by Pollen Characteristics and Progeny Ploidy Level

2012 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chitose Honsho ◽  
Eri Yamamura ◽  
Kyoko Tsuruta ◽  
Yukako Yoshimaru ◽  
Kiichi Yasuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ploidy Level ◽  
Pollen Production ◽  
2N Pollen

INFLUENCE OF HIGH TEMPERATURES AT BLOOMING TIME ON POLLEN PRODUCTION AND FRUIT SET OF PEACH 'MACIEL' AND 'GRANADA'

2010 ◽  
pp. 225-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Couto ◽  
M.C.B. Raseira ◽  
F.G. Herter ◽  
J.B. Silva
Keyword(s):  
High Temperatures ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Pollen Production
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