Development of a new method for simultaneously evaluating mucociliary clearance and pulmonary epithelial permeability in rabbit experiments by means of18FDG, three-dimensional positron emission tomography and rectilinear scan

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 231-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumiyoshi Ojima ◽  
Tatsuo Ido ◽  
Jun Hatazawa ◽  
Masatoshi Itoh ◽  
Hiroshi Shinohara ◽  
...  

2011 ◽  
Vol 301-303 ◽  
pp. 1316-1321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur E. Ruggles ◽  
Bi Yao Zhang ◽  
Spero M. Peters

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) produces a three dimensional spatial distribution of positron-electron annihilations within an image volume. Various positron emitters are available for use in aqueous, organic and liquid metal flows. Preliminary experiments at the University of Tennessee at Knoxville (UTK) injected small flows of PET tracer into a bulk water flow in a four rod bundle. The trajectory and diffusion of the tracer in the bulk flow were then mapped using a PET scanner. A spatial resolution of 1.4 mm is achieved with current preclinical Micro-PET imaging equipment resulting in 200 MB 3D activity fields. A time resolved 3-D spatial activity profile was also measured. The PET imaging method is especially well suited to complex geometries where traditional optical methods such as LDV and PIV are difficult to apply. PET methods are uniquely useful for imaging in opaque fluids, opaque pressure boundaries, and multiphase studies. Several commercial and shareware Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) codes are currently used for science and engineering analysis and design. These codes produce detailed three dimensional flow predictions. The models produced by these codes are often difficult to validate. The development of this experimental technique offers a modality for the comparison of CFD outcomes with experimental data. Developed data sets from PET can be used in verification and validation exercises of simulation outcomes.









1994 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 124-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Hammes ◽  
John W. Babich

Positron emission tomography {PET) is a nuclear medicine imaging technique which exploits the unique physical characteristics of radionuclides that decay by positron emission. These characteristics allow for in vivo quantitative measurement of three-dimensional distributions of radioactivity with a spatial resolution of 5 mm using current detector technology. In addition to these physical advantages, PET is the only imaging technique that can use the short-lived positron emitting radionuclides of the so-called “organic” elements: carbon (C-11), nitrogen (N-13), and oxygen (0–15). These elements are the building blocks of physiological compounds and can be used to study most enzymes, receptors, and other metabolically important compounds and their associated reactions. PET allows for the study of a variety of physiological and biochemical processes through the application of particular radiopharmaceuticals. PET has also been used to study the interaction of receptor-specific ligands in several receptor systems including dopaminergic, adrenergic, serotinergic, and opiod. C-11 and F-18 labeled receptor ligands have been used to study receptor selectivity and receptor concentrations in vivo. Recently, PET has been used to measure the pharmacokinetics of several novel antibiotics in humans allowing the direct measurement of tissue concentrations and correlation with classical pharmacokinetic parameters. This review discusses some of the current applications of PET in more detail.



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