Effect of CD4+ lymphocyte count, viral load, and duration of taking antiretroviral treatment on presence of oral lesions in a sample of South African children with HIV+/AIDS

Background/aim: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most common chronic infectious conditions causing mortality and se- vere outcomes, particularly in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence and predictors of TB among PLWHA. Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective and single-center study of adults (≥18 years) PLWHA registered at our tertiary teaching and research hospital between 2000 and 2016. Results: A total of 711 PLWHA were included. Of whom, 633 (89.0%) were male. Mean age was 36.53 ±11.55 years (range, 17-79). Thirty-eight (5.3%) patients were diagnosed with active TB. TB development was associated with low CD4+ lymphocyte count (p<0.001), high viral load (p=0.040) and alcohol consumption (p=0.004) but no association with age (p=0.392), gender (p=0.928) and duration since anti-retroviral therapy initiation (p=0.788) was found. Also, a receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that the area under the curves of CD4+ lymphocyte count as a predictor for TB development in PLWHA was 0.717 (p<0.001). Conclusion: There are still clinical challenges to predict TB diagnosis. However, CD4+ lymphocyte count and viral load may be considered as valuable predictors for TB development. Also, community strategies to reduce harmful effect of alco- hol use should be developed. Keywords: Tuberculosis; HIV viral load; CD4 cell counts.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of laboratory markers of progression of HIV disease to death

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical ◽

10.1590/s0037-86822011005000062 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 44 (6) ◽

pp. 657-660 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Graça Maria de Castro Viana ◽

Maria do Desterro Soares Brandão Nascimento ◽

Aila de Menezes Ferreira ◽

Érica Milena Fernandes Rabelo ◽

João Arnaud Diniz Neto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Viral Load ◽

Hiv Disease ◽

Significant Relation ◽

Chi Square ◽

Laboratory Markers ◽

Cd4 Lymphocyte Count ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Cd4 Lymphocyte ◽

Hiv Aids

INTRODUCTION: One of the important current problems in HIV/AIDS infection is the establishment of epidemiological and laboratorial prognostic parameters during patient follow-up. This study aimed at analyzing the evolution of laboratory tests: CD4 lymphocyte count, viral load, hemoglobin (Hb), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and the epidemiological variables sex and age as prognostic factors for survival in progression to death among AIDS patients. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted using analysis of medical records, and prospective 24-month follow-up of patients with HIV/ AIDS attended at the President Vargas Hospital Outpatient Clinic, a reference center in HIV/ AIDS attendance in the State of Maranhão, Brazil. The study analyzed patients aged 10 to 60 years old, who manifested AIDS and who were not using antiretroviral therapy or had used it for less than 5 years. The Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The sample included 100 patients - 57 were current outpatients, and 43 had died. The variables viral load (p=0.726), ALT (p=0.314), sex (p=0.687), and age (p=0.742) were analyzed, and no evidence of association between them and worst prognosis was observed. CONCLUSIONS: A significant relation was verified between low Hb levels (p=0.000) and CD4 (p=0.000) and shorter survival.

Download Full-text

Outcomes by sex following treatment initiation with darunavir/cobicistat in a large Spanish cohort of the CODAR study (GeSIDA 9316)

Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy ◽

10.1093/jac/dkz254 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 74 (10) ◽

pp. 3044-3048

Author(s):

M J Pérez Elías ◽

B Alejos ◽

M J Vivancos ◽

E Ribera ◽

M J Galindo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Viral Load ◽

Lymphocyte Count ◽

Ethics Committees ◽

Hiv Viral Load ◽

Women Living With Hiv ◽

Load Response ◽

Cd4 Lymphocyte Count ◽

Previous Regimen ◽

Cd4 Lymphocyte ◽

Viral Load Response

Abstract Background Few women have been included in darunavir/cobicistat clinical development studies, and hardly any of them were antiretroviral experienced or treated with anything other than triple-based therapies. Objectives Our aim was to increase our knowledge about women living with HIV undergoing darunavir/cobicistat-based regimens. Methods A multicentre (21 hospitals), retrospective study including a centrally selected random sample of HIV-1 patients starting a darunavir/cobicistat-based regimen from June 2014 to March 2017 was planned. Baseline characteristics, 24 and 48 week viral load response (<50 copies/mL), CD4+ lymphocyte count increase, time to change darunavir/cobicistat and adverse event occurrence were all compared by sex. The study was approved by each of the 21 ethics committees, and patients signed informed consent. Results Out of 761 participants, 193 were women. Similar characteristics were found for both sexes, except that the women had a longer duration of HIV infection (P = 0.001), and were less frequently pre-treated with darunavir/cobicistat in their previous regimen (P = 0.02). The main reason for using a darunavir/cobicistat-based regimen was simplification, without differences by sex, while monotherapy seems to be more frequently prescribed in women than in men (P = 0.067). The main outcomes, HIV viral load response, CD4+ lymphocyte count increase at 24 or 48 weeks, occurrence of adverse events, main reasons for changing and time to the modify darunavir/cobicistat regimen, did not show differences between the sexes. Conclusions No sex disparities were found in the main study outcomes. These results support the use of a darunavir/cobicistat-based regimen in long-term pre-treated women. Clinical Trial.gov No. NCT03042390.

Download Full-text