scholarly journals Grammatical Constructions in Typical Developing Children: Effects of Explicit Reinforcement, Automatic Reinforcement and Parity

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leni Østvik ◽  
Svein Eikeseth ◽  
Lars Klintwall
2013 ◽  
Vol 118 (6) ◽  
pp. 460-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott S. Hall ◽  
Jennifer L. Hammond ◽  
Kristin M. Hustyi

Abstract Few studies have examined the relationship between heart rate and self-injurious behavior (SIB) shown by individuals with IDD (intellectual and developmental disabilities). In this single-case study, we simultaneously monitored heart rate and activity levels during a functional analysis of severe skin picking behavior exhibited by a young man with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). Results of the functional analysis indicated that the participant's skin picking was maintained by automatic reinforcement. A within-session analysis of the data indicated that skin picking bouts resulted in an increase in heart rate, suggesting a positive- automatic reinforcement function. These data indicate that inclusion of heart rate and activity-level monitoring during a functional analysis may provide important additional information concerning the determinants of SIB.


2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catia Cividini-Motta ◽  
Keira Moore ◽  
Lauren M. Fish ◽  
Jonathan C. Priehs ◽  
William H. Ahearn

Individuals with autism may engage in sexual behavior at inappropriate times and/or in inappropriate places. The current study investigated the effects of response interruption and redirection (RIRD) and response interruption (RI) on public masturbation (PM) of children and adolescents with autism. Initial assessments showed that PM was maintained by automatic reinforcement. During the treatment evaluation phase, we compared RIRD and RI to determine whether either procedure was successful in decreasing the duration of PM. In the RIRD condition, contingent on the occurrence of any PM the participant completed physical activities involving both hands (e.g., moving chairs, touching toes). In the RI condition, the therapist interrupted all instances of PM using physical and verbal prompts (e.g., saying in a neutral tone, “Stop that” and moving hands away from genitals). Both procedures were effective in decreasing the duration of PM but RI required fewer resources and less time. Clinical implications and suggestions for future research are reviewed.


2000 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 393-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meeta R Patel ◽  
James E Carr ◽  
Christine Kim ◽  
Adel Robles ◽  
Dixie Eastridge

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1107-1112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca A. Sharp ◽  
Katrina J. Phillips ◽  
Oliver C. Mudford

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 617-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy K. Berg ◽  
David P. Wacker ◽  
Joel E. Ringdahl ◽  
Jason Stricker ◽  
Kelly Vinquist ◽  
...  

1996 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rick Smith ◽  
Jack Michael ◽  
Mark L. Sundberg

2013 ◽  
Vol 838-841 ◽  
pp. 3296-3299
Author(s):  
Young Sang Cho ◽  
Sung Chul Hong ◽  
Hyun Suk Jang ◽  
Min O Kang

The purpose of this study is to enhance productivity and economic value with precise object information generation and reinforcement quantity take-off by developing the Automation Reinforcement Placement System of Foundation (ARPF). This study was conducted by selecting the most basic form, spread footing, and no force was applied on the foundation other than axial force. For the development of ARPF, variables that should be input into the typical programs directly by users were minimized through developing the reinforcement placement algorithm by using visual C# based on the reinforced concrete structure design standard. The process of reinforcement detail placement formation was performed in the Tekla Structure (TS) that has outstanding accessibility and usability of API. Objects made by applying ARPF enable information confirmation and modification, as typical ones. Through this process using ARPF, rapid and precise reinforcement quantity take-off and footing bar placement are possible. If modeling is performed on the Tekla Structures by using ARPF, a detailed 3D reinforcement placing drawing, not 2D, can be created. It is expected that this method may take a smaller amount of time and effort than the typical drawing generation method that users had to generate objects or input information themselves.


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