Current evidence of survival benefit between chest-compression only versus standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

Herz ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Ivan ◽  
F. Budiman ◽  
R. Ruby ◽  
I. P. Wendi ◽  
D. A. Ridjab
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Chest Compression ◽  
Survival Benefit ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

scholarly journals The influence of past experiences on future willingness to perform bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keng Sheng Chew ◽  
Shazrina Ahmad Razali ◽  
Shirly Siew Ling Wong ◽  
Aisyah Azizul ◽  
Nurul Faizah Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Chest Compression ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Spontaneous Circulation ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Bystander Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Abstract Background The influence of past familial experiences of receiving cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and medical help in various cardiac arrest and nonfatal cardiac events toward willingness to “pay it forward” by helping the next cardiac arrest victim was explored. Methods Using a validated questionnaire, 6248 participants were asked to rate their willingness to perform bystander chest compression with mouth-to-mouth ventilation and chest compression-only CPR. Their past familial experiences of receiving cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and medical help in various cardiac arrest and nonfatal cardiac events were also recorded. Results Kruskal-Wallis test with post hoc Dunn’s pairwise comparisons showed that the following were significantly more willing to perform CPR with mouth-to-mouth ventilation: familial experience of “nonfatal cardiac events” (mean rank = 447) vs “out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with no CPR” (mean rank = 177), U = 35442.5, z = −2.055, p = 0.04; “in-hospital cardiac arrest and successful CPR” (mean rank = 2955.79) vs “none of these experiences” (mean rank = 2468.38), U = 111903, z = −2.60, p = 0.01; and “in-hospital cardiac arrest with successful CPR” (mean rank = 133.45) vs “out-of-hospital arrest with no CPR” (mean rank = 112.36), U = 4135.5, z = −2.06, p = 0.04. For compression-only CPR, Kruskal-Wallis test with multiple runs of Mann-Whitney U tests showed that “nonfatal cardiac events” group was statistically higher than the group with “none of these experiences” (mean rank = 3061.43 vs 2859.91), U = 1194658, z = −2.588, p = 0.01. The groups of “in-hospital cardiac arrest with successful CPR” and “in-hospital cardiac arrest with transient return of spontaneous circulation” were the most willing groups to perform compression-only CPR. Conclusion Prior familial experiences of receiving CPR and medical help, particularly among those with successful outcomes in a hospital setting, seem to increase the willingness to perform bystander CPR.

Chest compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation performed by lay rescuers for adult out-of-hospital cardiac arrest due to non-cardiac aetiologies

Resuscitation ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish R. Panchal ◽  
Bentley J. Bobrow ◽  
Daniel W. Spaite ◽  
Robert A. Berg ◽  
Uwe Stolz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Chest Compression ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

scholarly journals Mechanical Versus Manual Chest Compression: A Retrospective-Cohort in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Acta Medica ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Alp Şener ◽  
Gül Pamukçu Günaydın ◽  
Fatih Tanrıverdi
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Chest Compression ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Spontaneous Circulation ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Return Of Spontaneous Circulation ◽  
Mechanical Chest Compression ◽  
Manual Chest Compression ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Objective: In cardiac arrest cases, high quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation and effective chest compression are vital issues in improving survival with good neurological outcomes. In this study, we investigated the effect of mechanical chest compression devices on 30- day survival in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Materials and Methods: This retrospective case-control study was performed on patients who were over 18 years of age and admitted to the emergency department for cardiac arrest between January 1, 2016 and January 15, 2018. Manual chest compression was performed to the patients before January 15, 2017, and mechanical chest compression was performed after this date. Return of spontaneous circulation, hospital discharge, and 30-day survival rates were compared between the groups of patients in terms of chest compression type. In this study, the LUCAS-2 model piston-based mechanical chest compression device was used for mechanical chest compressions. Results: The rate of return of spontaneous circulation was significantly lower in the mechanical chest compression group (11.1% vs 33.1%; p < 0.001). The 30-day survival rate was higher in the manual chest compression group (6.8% vs 3.7%); however, this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.542). Furthermore, 30-day survival was 0% in the trauma group and 0.6% in the patient group who underwent cardiopulmonary resuscitation for over 20 minutes. Conclusion: It can be seen that the effect of mechanical chest compression on survival is controversial; studies on this issue should continue and, furthermore, studies on the contribution of mechanical chest compression on labor loss should be conducted.

scholarly journals Insights From the Ventricular Fibrillation Waveform Into the Mechanism of Survival Benefit From Bystander Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brooke Bessen ◽  
Jason Coult ◽  
Jennifer Blackwood ◽  
Cindy H. Hsu ◽  
Peter Kudenchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Ventricular Fibrillation ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Survival Benefit ◽  
Amplitude Spectrum ◽  
Peak Frequency ◽  
Spectrum Area ◽  
Bystander Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Bystander Cpr ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Background The mechanism by which bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) improves survival following out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest is unclear. We hypothesized that ventricular fibrillation (VF) waveform measures, as surrogates of myocardial physiology, mediate the relationship between bystander CPR and survival. Methods and Results We performed a retrospective cohort study of adult, bystander‐witnessed patients with out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest with an initial rhythm of VF who were treated by a metropolitan emergency medical services system from 2005 to 2018. Patient, resuscitation, and outcome variables were extracted from emergency medical services and hospital records. A total of 3 VF waveform measures (amplitude spectrum area, peak frequency, and median peak amplitude) were computed from a 3‐second ECG segment before the initial shock. Multivariable logistic regression estimated the association between bystander CPR and survival to hospital discharge adjusted for Utstein elements. Causal mediation analysis quantified the proportion of survival benefit that was mediated by each VF waveform measure. Of 1069 patients, survival to hospital discharge was significantly higher among the 814 patients who received bystander CPR than those who did not (0.52 versus 0.43, respectively; P <0.01). The multivariable‐adjusted odds ratio for bystander CPR and survival was 1.6 (95% CI, 1.2, 2.1), and each VF waveform measure attenuated this association. Depending on the specific waveform measure, the proportion of mediation varied: 53% for amplitude spectrum area, 31% for peak frequency, and 29% for median peak amplitude. Conclusions Bystander CPR correlated with more robust initial VF waveform measures, which in turn mediated up to one‐half of the survival benefit associated with bystander CPR. These results provide insight into the biological mechanism of bystander CPR in VF out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest.

Abstract 265: Impact of Changes in the Telephone Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Instruction After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 138 (Suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Nagao ◽  
Hiroyuki Hanada ◽  
Yoshio Tahara ◽  
Hiroshi Nonogi ◽  
Naohiro Yonemoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Chest Compression ◽  
Neurological Outcome ◽  
Group Versus ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Similar Proportion ◽  
International Consensus ◽  
Favorable Neurological Outcome ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Background: The international consensus on cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and emergency cardiovascular care science with treatment recommendations (CoSTR) 2010 changed the dispatcher-initiated telephone CPR instruction. Major changes of the telephone CPR instruction were simplified algorithm, elimination of “Look, listen, and feel for breathing” chest compressions first (C-A-B), chest compression only CPR if bystander was not trained in CPR, et al. However, few studies have investigated the efficacy of telephone CPR instruction based on the CoSTR 2010. Methods: From the All-Japan Utstein Registry for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) between 2006 and 2015, we enrolled adult (18 years or older) patients with bystander-witnessed OHCA and stratified by the two CoSTR eras (the CoSTR 2010 group from 2011 through 2015 versus the CoSTR 2005 group from 2006 through 2010). The primary endpoint was 30-day favorable neurological outcome after OHCA. Results: Of the 378,757 adult patients with bystander-witnessed OHCA, 199,117 (52.5%) received CPR based on the CoSTR 2010 and 179,640 (47.4%) received CPR based on the CoSTR 2005. In the whole cohort, the CoSTR 2010 group had higher proportion of cases receiving telephone CPR instruction than the CoSTR 2005 group (48.8% versus 40.9%, P<0.001). In the subgroups of patients receiving telephone CPR instruction, the CoSTR 2010 group had higher proportion of bystander chest compression-only CPR (60.5% versus 47.3%, p<0.001) and public access defibrillation (1.9% versus 0.9%, P<0.001) than the CoSTR 2005 group. Although those subgroups had similar proportion of initial shockable cardiac arrest rhythm (15.2 % in the CoSTR 2010 group versus 15.3 % in the CoSTR 2005 group, P=0.63), the CoSTR 2010 group had higher frequency of the favorable neurological outcome than the CoSTR 2005 group (4.5 % versus 3.7%%, P<0.001). In the subgroup of patients receiving telephone CPR instruction, an adjusted odds ratio for the favorable neurological outcome in the CoSTR 2010 group (reference, the CoSTR 2005 group) was 1.47 (95 % CI, 1.43-1.51, p<0.001). Conclusions: Telephone CPR instruction based on the CoSTR 2010 was the preferable approach to resuscitation for adult patients with bystander-witnessed OHCA.

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