Cryptic introgressions contribute to transgressive segregation for early blight resistance in tomato

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Anderson ◽  
S. M. Zitter ◽  
D. M. De Jong ◽  
D. M. Francis ◽  
M. A. Mutschler
Keyword(s):  
Early Blight ◽  
Transgressive Segregation ◽  
Blight Resistance

scholarly journals A Test of Taxonomic Predictivity: Resistance to Early Blight in Wild Relatives of Cultivated Potato

2008 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 680-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. Jansky ◽  
R. Simon ◽  
D. M. Spooner
Keyword(s):  
Breeding System ◽  
Early Blight ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Solanum Species ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Wild Solanum Species ◽  
Group Breeding ◽  
Mold Resistance ◽  
Wild Solanum

Host plant resistance offers an attractive method of control for early blight (caused by the foliar fungus Alternaria solani), a widespread disease that appears annually in potato crops worldwide. We tested the assumed ability of taxonomy to predict the presence of early blight resistance genes in wild Solanum species for which resistance was observed in related species. We also tested associations to ploidy, crossing group, breeding system, and geography. As in a prior study of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (white mold) resistance, tremendous variation for resistance to early blight was found to occur within and among species. There was no discernable relationship between the distribution of resistant phenotypes and taxonomic series (based on an intuitive interpretation of morphological data), clade (based on a cladistic analysis of plastid DNA data), ploidy, breeding system, geographic distance, or climate parameters. Species and individual accessions with high proportions of early blight resistant plants were identified, but high levels of inter- and intra-accession variability were observed. Consequently, the designation of species or accessions as resistant or susceptible must take this variation into account. This study calls into question the assumption that taxonomic or geographic data can be used to predict sources of early blight resistance in wild Solanum species.

scholarly journals Greenhouse Disease Screen Facilitates Breeding Resistance to Tomato Early Blight

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randokh G. Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Early Blight ◽  
Alternaria Solani ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Stem Lesion ◽  
Foliar Resistance

An F2 population segregating for tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) early blight resistance derived from C1943 was screened in the greenhouse by spray-inoculating conidia of Alternaria solani (Ellis and Martin) Jones and Grout onto stems of 6-week-old seedlings. Selected F3 lines derived from F2 plants with resistant, intermediate, and susceptible stem lesion reactions were grown in a replicated field trial and evaluated for foliar early blight resistance. Stem lesion and foliar resistance were closely associated, making the greenhouse screen for stem lesion resistance useful in identifying plants with foliar resistance.

scholarly journals Current Status of Early Blight Resistance in Tomato: An Update

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pragya Adhikari ◽  
Yeonyee Oh ◽  
Dilip Panthee
Keyword(s):  
Early Blight ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Blight Resistance

Resistance to Phytophthora infestans Clonal Lineage US-23 in Potato Cultivars and Its Relationship with Early Blight Resistance and Tuber Yield

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiya Xue ◽  
Kathleen G. Haynes ◽  
Xinshun Qu
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Early Blight ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Late Blight Resistance ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Clonal Lineage ◽  
Progress Curve

Resistance to late blight, caused by Phytophthora infestans clonal lineage US-23, in 217 old and modern potato cultivars was evaluated in field trials in 2016 and 2017 in Pennsylvania. Significant differences in resistance were found among these cultivars (P < 0.0001). Significant interaction between cultivars and environments was found (P < 0.0001). The values of relative area under the disease progress curve ranged from 0 to 0.5841 in 2016 and from 0 to 0.5469 in 2017. Broad-sense heritability of late blight resistance was estimated to be 0.91 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.88 to 0.93. Cluster analysis classified the cultivars into 5 groups: resistant, moderately resistant, intermediate, moderately susceptible, and susceptible. Thirty cultivars showing resistance and 32 cultivars showing moderate resistance were identified. The 217 cultivars were also evaluated for foliar maturity, tuber yield and resistance to early blight, caused by Alternaria solani. A few cultivars with late blight resistance independent of late maturity were found. Late blight resistance and early blight resistance were positively correlated, and 17 cultivars possessed resistance to both diseases. Yield tradeoff associated with late blight resistance was not observed among the cultivars in the absence of disease pressure.

Phenotyping early blight resistance in potato cultivars and breeding clones

Euphytica ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 197 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Odilbekov ◽  
U. Carlson-Nilsson ◽  
E. Liljeroth
Keyword(s):  
Early Blight ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Blight Resistance

scholarly journals (13) Comparative Mapping of Early Blight Resistance QTLs and Candidate Resistance Genes in F2, F3, F4 and a RIL Population of Tomato

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1040B-1040
Author(s):  
Hamid Ashrafi ◽  
Arun Sharma ◽  
David Niño-Liu ◽  
Liping Zhang ◽  
Majid Foolad
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Early Blight ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Candidate Gene Approach ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Resistance Qtls ◽  
Ril Population ◽  
Related Wild Species

Most cultivars of tomato (Lycopersiconesculentum) are susceptible to early blight (EB), a devastating fungal (Alternariasolani) disease of tomato in the northeast and eastern part of the U.S. The most economic and durable measure of disease control is by using genetic resistance. There is limited EB resistance within the cultivated tomato. However, genetic sources of resistance exist within the tomato-related wild species L. hirsutum and L. pimpinellifolium. Early blight resistance does not follow the gene-for-gene model of host–pathogen interaction. Mapping QTLs conferring horizontal resistance is an effective approach for studying complex resistance traits such as EB. We have developed F2, F3, F4, and an F2:7 derived RIL population of a L. esculentum× L. pimpinellifolium cross and evaluated them for EB resistance under field conditions. Genetic maps were constructed based on the F2 (including 256 RFLP, EST and RGA markers) as well as the RIL population (including over 220 RFLP and EST markers). In each of the F2, F3, and F4 population, an average of seven QTLs were identified for resistance, which were highly consistent across populations. Mapping of EB resistance QTLs in the RILs is underway. Co-localizations of QTLs with several ESTs and RGAs were observed, suggesting potential involvement of the latter markers with EB resistance. Furthermore, co-localizations were observed among QTLs, ESTs, and RGAs and several known tomato vertical disease resistance genes. Possible occurrence of such co-localization in the RIL population will be reported. It is speculated that candidate-gene approach is an effective way of identifying and mapping new R genes in tomato. This study may lead to the identification of genes underlying EB resistance in tomato.

scholarly journals Combining ability, gene action and heritability analysis for early blight resistance, yield and quality traits in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1495-1500
Author(s):  
Bharathkumar M. V. ◽  
Sadashiva A. T. ◽  
Punith Kumar R.
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Early Blight ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Fruit Firmness ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Yield And Quality

Nine tomato genotypes were crossed in Line ×Tester fashion to develop 18 hybrids, which, along with their parents and checks were evaluated for early blight resistance, fruit yield and quality of tomato (Solanum lyco-persicum) to know extent of combining ability for the same. IIHR1816 was found to be the best general combiner with significant highest GCA (General Combining Ability) in desirable direction for per cent disease index (-15.71), carotenoids (3.46), lycopene (2.43) and yield (13.13); while, for plant height (3.94), average fruit weight (25.93), fruit length (0.54), fruit breadth (0.63) and pericarp thickness (1.71), the line IIHR2848 was best general combiner. The tester IIHR2852 was a best general combiner for traits like days to 50% flowering (-0.83) and fruit firmness (0.51).The crosses viz., IIHR2891 × IIHR2853 (11.61), IIHR2850 × IIHR2852 (11.40) and IIHR2892 × IIHR2890 (11.19) were found to be superior specific combiners for yield. IIHR2892 × IIHR2852 was a superior specific combin-er for fruit quality traits like fruit firmness (0.98), total carotenoids (6.95) and lycopene (4.52).Best specific combiners for early blight resistance were IIHR2850 × IIHR2852 (-9.58), IIHR2891 × IIHR2890 (-9.58) and IIHR2892 × IIH-R2890 (-6.82). The experiment helped in identifying these superior general combiners and specific combiners for early blight resistance, coupled with good yield and quality of the crop, which can be used in further breeding under-takings.

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