scholarly journals Bioprocess optimization of glutathione production by Saccharomyces boulardii: biochemical characterization of glutathione peroxidase

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossam Badr ◽  
Ashraf El-Baz ◽  
Ismail Mohamed ◽  
Yousseria Shetaia ◽  
Ashraf S. A. El-Sayed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Saccharomyces Boulardii ◽  
Bioprocess Optimization

scholarly journals Bioprocess Optimization of Glutathione Production by Saccharomyces Boulardii: Biochemical Characterization of Glutathione Peroxidase

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossam Badr ◽  
Ashraf El-Baz ◽  
Ismail Mohamed ◽  
Yousseria Shetaia ◽  
Ashraf El-Sayed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Saccharomyces Boulardii ◽  
Growth Time ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Subunit Structure ◽  
Agitation Rate ◽  
Maximum Production ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The well-known probiotic GRAS Saccharomyces boulardii (CNCM I-745) was used for the first time to produce glutathione (GSH). The culture conditions affecting GSH biosynthesis were screened using a Plackett-Burman design (PBD). Analyzing the regression coefficients for 12 tested variables; 6 of them, including yeast extract, glucose, peptone and cysteine; temperature and agitation rate had a positive significant effect on GSH production with a maximum production of 192 mg/L. The impact of addition time of cysteine was investigated in 19 experiments during the growth time course (0-36 h), the best addition time was 8h post-inoculation producing 235 mg/L of GSH. The most significant variables were further explored at 5-levels using Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD), giving a maximum production of GSH (552 mg/L). Using baffled flasks, the GSH was increased to 730 mg/L, i.e 1.32-folds increment than obtained using CCRD. The two rate-limiting genes of GSH biosynthesis “γ-glutamyl cysteine synthetase (gsh1) and GSH-synthetase (gsh2) were amplified and sequenced to validate the GSH biosynthetic potency of S. boulardii. The sequences of genes showed 99% similarity with gsh1 and gsh2 genes of S. cerevisiae. Glutathione peroxidase was purified and characterized from S. boulardii with molecular mass and subunit structure of 80 kDa and 35 kDa as revealed from native and SDS-PAGE, ensuring its homodimeric identity. The activity of GPx was reduced by 2.5-folds upon demetallization confirming its metalloproteinic identity. The enzyme was strongly inhibited by hydroxylamine and DTNB, ensuring the implication of surface lysine and cysteine residues on the enzyme active site domains.

Plant Pathology Diagnosed by X-Ray Microanalysis

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 974-975
Author(s):  
J. H. Resau ◽  
N. Howell ◽  
S. H. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Plant Pathology ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Green Leaf ◽  
Parasitic Infestation ◽  
X Ray

Spinach grown in Texas developed “yellow spotting” on the peripheral portions of the leaves. The exact cause of the discoloration could not be determined as there was no evidence of viral or parasitic infestation of the plants and biochemical characterization of the plants did not indicate any significant differences between the yellow and green leaf portions of the spinach. The present study was undertaken using electron microscopy (EM) to determine if a micro-nutrient deficiency was the cause for the discoloration.Green leaf spinach was collected from the field and sent by express mail to the EM laboratory. The yellow and equivalent green portions of the leaves were isolated and dried in a Denton evaporator at 10-5 Torr for 24 hrs. The leaf specimens were then examined using a JEOL 100 CX analytical microscope. TEM specimens were prepared according to the methods of Trump et al.

Interaction effect of rootstocks on gas exchange parameters, biochemical changes and nutrientstatus in Sauvignon Blanc winegrapes

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-225
Author(s):  
R. G. Somkuwar ◽  
M. A. Bhange ◽  
A. K. Upadhyay ◽  
S. D. Ramteke
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Wine Grape ◽  
Gas Exchange Parameters ◽  
Food Material ◽  
Total Carbohydrates ◽  
Salt Creek ◽  
Grape Varieties ◽  
Photosynthetic Activities

SauvignonBlanc wine grape was characterized for their various morphological, physiological and biochemical parameters grafted on different rootstocks. Significant differences were recorded for all the parameters studied. The studies on vegetative parameters revealed that the rootstock influences the vegetative growth thereby increasing the photosynthetic activities of a vine. The highest photosynthesis rate was recorded in 140-Ru grafted vine followed by Fercal whereas the lowest in Salt Creek rootstock grafted vines.The rootstock influenced the changes in biochemical constituents in the grafted vine thereby helping the plant to store enough food material. Significant differences were recorded for total carbohydrates, proteins, total phenols and reducing sugar. The vines grafted on1103-Pshowed highest carbohydrates and starch followed by 140-Ru,while the least amount of carbohydrates were recorded in 110-R and Salt Creek grafted vines respectively.Among the different rootstock graft combinations, Fercal showed highest amount of reducing sugar, proteins and phenols, followed by 1103-P and SO4, however, the lowest amount of reducing sugar, proteins and phenols were recorded with 110-R grafted vines.The vines grafted on different rootstocks showed changes in nutrient uptake. Considering this, the physico-biochemical characterization of grafted vine may help to identify particularrootstocks combination that could influence a desired trait in commercial wine grape varieties after grafting.

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