Pharmacogenetics of stimulant abuse liability: association of CDH13 variant with amphetamine response in a racially-heterogeneous sample of healthy young adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 234 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam M. Leventhal ◽  
Matthew G. Kirkpatrick ◽  
Mollie S. Pester ◽  
John E. McGeary ◽  
Robert M. Swift ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Abuse Liability ◽  
Heterogeneous Sample ◽  
Stimulant Abuse

scholarly journals Transitions in Tobacco Product Use by U.S. Adults between 2013–2014 and 2014–2015: Findings from the PATH Study Wave 1 and Wave 2

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Kasza ◽  
Nicolette Borek ◽  
Kevin Conway ◽  
Maciej Goniewicz ◽  
Cassandra Stanton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
The United States ◽  
Tobacco Product ◽  
Abuse Liability ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Product Use ◽  
Current Tobacco ◽  
Pipe Tobacco

In 2013–2014, nearly 28% of adults in the United States (U.S.) were current tobacco users with cigarettes the most common product used and with nearly 40% of tobacco users using two or more tobacco products. We describe overall change in prevalence of tobacco product use and within-person transitions in tobacco product use in the U.S. between 2013–2014 and 2014–2015 for young adults (18–24 years) and older adults (25+ years). Data from Wave 1 (W1, 2013–2014) and Wave 2 (W2, 2014–2015) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study were analyzed (N = 34,235). Tobacco product types were categorized into: (1) combustible (cigarettes, cigars, pipe tobacco, hookah), (2) noncombustible (smokeless tobacco, snus pouches, dissolvable tobacco), and (3) electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS). Transitions for individual combustible-product types, and for single- and multiple-product use, were also considered. Overall prevalence of current tobacco use decreased from 27.6% to 26.3%. Among W1 non-tobacco users, 88.7% of young adults and 95.8% of older adults were non-tobacco users at W2. Among W1 tobacco users, 71.7% of young adults transitioned, with 20.7% discontinuing use completely, and 45.9% of older adults transitioned, with 12.5% discontinuing use completely. Continuing with/transitioning toward combustible product(s), particularly cigarettes, was more common than continuing with/transitioning toward ENDS. Tobacco use behaviors were less stable among young adults than older adults, likely reflecting greater product experimentation among young adults. Relative stability of cigarette use compared to other tobacco products (except older adult noncombustible use) demonstrates high abuse liability for cigarettes.

scholarly journals Behavioral economic assessment of abuse liability for Black & Mild cigar flavors among young adults.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rose S. Bono ◽  
Caroline O. Cobb ◽  
Catherine S. Wall ◽  
Rebecca C. Lester ◽  
Cosima Hoetger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Abuse Liability ◽  
Behavioral Economic

Continuum of Care Following Sports-Related Concussion

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 1389-1403
Author(s):  
Jessica Brown ◽  
Kelly Knollman-Porter
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Sports Injuries ◽  
Continuum Of Care ◽  
Medical Professional ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Youth Athletes ◽  
Speech Language Pathologist ◽  
History Of ◽  
Injury Reporting

Purpose Although guidelines have changed regarding federally mandated concussion practices since their inception, little is known regarding the implementation of such guidelines and the resultant continuum of care for youth athletes participating in recreational or organized sports who incur concussions. Furthermore, data regarding the role of speech-language pathologists in the historic postconcussion care are lacking. Therefore, the purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the experiences of young adults with history of sports-related concussion as it related to injury reporting and received follow-up care. Method Participants included 13 young adults with history of at least one sports-related concussion across their life span. We implemented a mixed-methods design to collect both quantitative and qualitative information through structured interviews. Participants reported experiencing 42 concussions across the life span—26 subsequent to sports injuries. Results Twenty-three concussions were reported to a parent or medical professional, 14 resulted in a formal diagnosis, and participants received initial medical care for only 10 of the incidents and treatment or services on only two occasions. Participants reported concussions to an athletic trainer least frequently and to parents most frequently. Participants commented that previous experience with concussion reduced the need for seeking treatment or that they were unaware treatments or supports existed postconcussion. Only one concussion incident resulted in the care from a speech-language pathologist. Conclusion The results of the study reported herein shed light on the fidelity of sports-related concussion care management across time. Subsequently, we suggest guidelines related to continuum of care from injury to individualized therapy.

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