scholarly journals Early posterior negativity indicates time dilation by arousal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezgi Özoğlu ◽  
Roland Thomaschke
Keyword(s):  
Time Dilation ◽  
Auditory Stimuli ◽  
Bisection Task ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Accumulator Model ◽  
Temporal Bisection ◽  
Early Posterior Negativity ◽  
Stimulus Valence ◽  
High Level ◽  
Temporal Bisection Task

AbstractWe investigated whether Early Posterior Negativity (EPN) indicated the subjective dilation of time when judging the duration of arousing stimuli. Participants performed a visual temporal bisection task along with high-level and low-level arousing auditory stimuli, while we simultaneously recorded EEG. In accordance with previous studies, arousing stimuli were temporally overestimated and led to higher EPN amplitude. Yet, we observed that time dilation and EPN amplitude were significantly correlated and this effect cannot be explained by confounds from stimulus valence. We interpret our findings in terms of the pacemaker–accumulator model of human timing, and suggest that EPN indicates an arousal-based increasing of the speed of our mental clock.

Knowing your Heart Reduces Emotion-Induced Time Dilation

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 299-315
Author(s):  
Ezgi Özoğlu ◽  
Roland Thomaschke
Keyword(s):  
Close Relation ◽  
Time Dilation ◽  
High Arousal ◽  
Bisection Task ◽  
Temporal Bisection ◽  
Dilation Effect ◽  
Interoceptive Accuracy ◽  
Temporal Bisection Task ◽  
Temporal Illusions

Human timing and interoception are closely coupled. Thus, temporal illusions like, for example, emotion-induced time dilation, are profoundly affected by interoceptive processes. Emotion-induced time dilation refers to the effect when emotion, especially in the arousal dimension, leads to the systematic overestimation of intervals. The close relation to interoception became evident in previous studies which showed increased time dilation when participants focused on interoceptive signals. In the present study we show that individuals with particularly high interoceptive accuracy are able to shield their timing functions to some degree from interference by arousal. Participants performed a temporal bisection task with low-arousal and high-arousal stimuli, and subsequently reported their interoceptive accuracy via a questionnaire. A substantial arousal-induced time dilation effect was observed, which was negatively correlated with participants’ interoceptive accuracy. Our findings support a pivotal role of interoception in temporal illusions, and are discussed in relation to neuropsychological accounts of interoception.

Biasing performance through differential payoff in a temporal bisection task.

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Cambraia ◽  
Marco Vasconcelos ◽  
Jérémie Jozefowiez ◽  
Armando Machado
Keyword(s):  
Bisection Task ◽  
Temporal Bisection ◽  
Temporal Bisection Task

scholarly journals Periodic Fluctuation of Perceived Duration

i-Perception ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 204166951876062
Author(s):  
Shuhei Shima ◽  
Yuki Murai ◽  
Kenichi Yuasa ◽  
Yuki Hashimoto ◽  
Yuko Yotsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Performance ◽  
Group Level ◽  
Target Interval ◽  
Bisection Task ◽  
Periodic Fluctuation ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Temporal Bisection ◽  
Temporal Bisection Task ◽  
Cognitively Demanding Tasks ◽  
Perceived Duration

In recent years, several studies have reported that the allocation of spatial attention fluctuates periodically. This periodic attention was revealed by measuring behavioral performance as a function of cue-to-target interval in the Posner cueing paradigm. Previous studies reported behavioral oscillations using target detection tasks. Whether the influence of periodic attention extends to cognitively demanding tasks remains unclear. To assess this, we examined the effects of periodic attention on the perception of duration. In the experiment, participants performed a temporal bisection task while a cue was presented with various cue-to-target intervals. Perceived duration fluctuated rhythmically as a function of cue-to-target interval at a group level but not at an individual level when the target was presented on the same side as the attentional cue. The results indicate that the perception of duration is influenced by periodic attention. In other words, periodic attention can influence the performance of cognitively demanding tasks such as the perception of duration.

scholarly journals Identification of an Age Maturity in Time Discrimination Abilities

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quentin Hallez ◽  
Sylvie Droit-Volet
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Bisection Task ◽  
Time Discrimination ◽  
Temporal Bisection ◽  
Time Sensitivity ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Temporal Bisection Task ◽  
Weber Ratio

The aim of this study was to identify the age at which parameters of timing performance in a temporal bisection task converge on an adult-like stable level. Participants in the three- to 20-year-old range were tested using a temporal bisection task with sub-second and supra-second durations. The data were divided into two samples. In the first sample, all participants were integrated into the analysis regardless of their success. In the second sample, only performers were inserted. The point of subjective equality (PSE) and the Weber Ratio (WR) were analyzed for each participant in each sample. By fitting a mathematical model to these parameters as a function of age, we showed a large inter-individual variability in the PSE, such that it does not stabilize with increasing age, i.e., during the significant period of development. Interestingly, time sensitivity (WR) shows a similar pattern through the two samples as adult-like performance appeared at an earlier age for short than for long durations. For the first sample, the modeling of WR data suggests that the children reached an adult-like time sensitivity at the age of six years for the short durations and 8½ years for the long durations. For the second sample, the developmental curve was stable at about the same age for the long duration (seven years), and at earlier age for the short durations, i.e., before three years.

Learning in the temporal bisection task: Relative or absolute?

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilia Pinheiro de Carvalho ◽  
Armando Machado ◽  
François Tonneau
Keyword(s):  
Bisection Task ◽  
Temporal Bisection ◽  
Temporal Bisection Task

scholarly journals Optimal time discrimination

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filiz Çoşkun ◽  
Zeynep Ceyda Sayalı ◽  
Emine Gürbüz ◽  
Fuat Balcı
Keyword(s):  
Response Times ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Endogenous Timing ◽  
Bisection Task ◽  
Temporal Bisection ◽  
Expected Gain ◽  
Timing Uncertainty ◽  
Reward Functions ◽  
Human Participants ◽  
Temporal Bisection Task

In the temporal bisection task, participants categorize experienced stimulus durations as short or long based on their similarity to previously acquired reference durations. Reward maximization in this task requires integrating endogenous timing uncertainty as well as exogenous probabilities of the reference durations into temporal judgements. We tested human participants on the temporal bisection task with different short and long reference duration probabilities (exogenous probability) in two separate test sessions. Incorrect categorizations were not penalized in Experiment 1 but were penalized in Experiment 2, leading to different levels of stringency in the reward functions that participants tried to maximize. We evaluated the judgements within the framework of optimality. Our participants adapted their choice behaviour in a nearly optimal fashion and earned nearly the maximum possible expected gain they could attain given their level of endogenous timing uncertainty and exogenous probabilities in both experiments. These results point to the optimality of human temporal risk assessment in the temporal bisection task. The long categorization response times (RTs) were overall faster than short categorization RTs, and short but not long categorization RTs were modulated by reference duration probability manipulations. These observations suggested an asymmetry between short and long categorizations in the temporal bisection task.

scholarly journals Stimulus response compatibility affects duration judgments, not the rate of subjective time

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-163
Author(s):  
Alexander Varakin ◽  
Amanda Renfro ◽  
Jason Hays
Keyword(s):  
Stimulus Duration ◽  
Subjective Time ◽  
Spatial Compatibility ◽  
Response Compatibility ◽  
Bisection Task ◽  
Temporal Interval ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
Temporal Bisection ◽  
Stimulus Response Compatibility ◽  
Temporal Bisection Task

AbstractThe current experiments examined whether non-temporal associations can affect duration judgments without affecting the rate of subjective time. In both experiments, participants performed a temporal bisection task, judging on each trial whether stimulus’ duration was closer to pre-learned short or long standards. In each experiment, the spatial compatibility between stimuli and responses was manipulated. In both experiments, stimulus-response compatibility (SRC) affected duration judgments: stimuli that were spatially compatible with the key used for long judgments elicited long responses at shorter objective durations than stimuli that were compatible with the key used for short judgments. The size of SRC’s effect did not depend on the magnitude of the standard durations and SRC’s effect was magnified even when SRC was introduced after the relevant temporal interval had ended. Thus, these findings are consistent with the idea that duration judgments can be affected without influencing the rate at which subjective time passes.

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