The pharmacokinetics of atovaquone and proguanil in pregnant women with acute falciparum malaria

2003 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 545-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. McGready ◽  
K. Stepniewska ◽  
M. D. Edstein ◽  
T. Cho ◽  
G. Gilveray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Falciparum Malaria

The pharmacokinetics of artemether and lumefantrine in pregnant women with uncomplicated falciparum malaria

2006 ◽  
Vol 62 (12) ◽  
pp. 1021-1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rose McGready ◽  
Kasia Stepniewska ◽  
Niklas Lindegardh ◽  
Elizabeth A. Ashley ◽  
Yar La ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Uncomplicated Falciparum Malaria

WOMEN AND MALARIA—SPECIAL RISK AND APPROPRIATE CONTROL STRATEGY

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-117
Author(s):  
R. Rueben
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Malaria Transmission ◽  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Malaria Control ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Current Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Utility Distribution

The factors that make pregnant women particularly vulnerable to morbidity and mortality with falciparum malaria and their relationship to current control strategies are reviewed. Pregnant women, particularly during their first pregnancy, are at greatest risk of severe falciparum malaria in areas of high and continuous malaria transmission and under conditions of unstable malaria in which they do not develop protective immunity. The author recommends chemoprophylaxis with chloroquine for pregnant women living in holoendemic and hyperendemic areas of Africa and Papua, New Guinea. Chloroquine is safe, but drug resistance has increasingly limited its utility, distribution is a formidable problem. In rural areas where poorly developed health care system are better developed and malaria transmission is less intense, the emphasis should be on early diagnosis and treatment. Women are potentially the key to the implementation of malaria control programs, yet recent studies indicate that underprivileged women frequently do not attend malaria clinics and are often missed in projects with passive surveillance. Additional research and community interventions are needed to enable women with malaria to obtain treatment and to involve them in malaria control measures at the village level.

scholarly journals Pharmacokinetics of Dihydroartemisinin and Piperaquine in Pregnant and Nonpregnant Women with Uncomplicated Falciparum Malaria

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (12) ◽  
pp. 5500-5506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus J. Rijken ◽  
Rose McGready ◽  
Aung Phae Phyo ◽  
Niklas Lindegardh ◽  
Joel Tarning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Drug Exposure ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Uncomplicated Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽  
Population Pharmacokinetic ◽  
Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling

ABSTRACTDihydroartemisinin-piperaquine is a fixed-dose artemisinin-based combination treatment. Some antimalarials have altered pharmacokinetics in pregnancy. Pregnant women in the 2nd or 3rd trimester and matched nonpregnant women with uncomplicated falciparum malaria were treated with a total of 6.4 mg/kg of body weight dihydroartemisinin and 51.2 mg/kg piperaquine once daily for 3 days. Venous blood samples were drawn at prespecified time points over 9 weeks. Plasma dihydroartemisinin and piperaquine concentrations were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Piperaquine and dihydroartemisinin pharmacokinetics were well described. There were no significant differences in total piperaquine exposure (P= 0.80) or drug exposure during the terminal elimination phase (72 h to infinity) (P= 0.64) between the two groups. The apparent volume of distribution of piperaquine was significantly smaller (602 liters/kg versus 877 liters/kg) in pregnant women than in nonpregnant women (P= 0.0057), and the terminal elimination half-life was significantly shorter (17.8 days versus 25.6 days;P= 0.0023). Dihydroartemisinin exposure after the first dose was significantly lower (844 h × ng/ml versus 1,220 h × ng/ml,P= 0.0021) in pregnant women, but there were no significant differences in total dihydroartemisinin exposure or maximum concentrations between the two groups. There were no significant differences in any pharmacokinetic parameters between the second and third trimester. These results obtained through noncompartmental analysis suggest that in the treatment of falciparum malaria, there are no clinically important differences in the pharmacokinetics of dihydroartemisinin or piperaquine between pregnant and nonpregnant women. However, a more detailed analysis using population pharmacokinetic modeling is needed to fully investigate the differences found for some of the pharmacokinetic parameters, such as the terminal half-life.

scholarly journals Socio-economic behavioural indicators of falciparum malaria parasitaemia and moderate to severe anaemia among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Lagos, Southwest Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeola Y. Olukosi ◽  
Abiodun Olakiigbe ◽  
Olusola Ajibaye ◽  
Bassey A. Orok ◽  
Olugbenga O. Aina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Malaria Infection ◽  
Malaria Prevention ◽  
Severe Anaemia ◽  
Southwest Nigeria ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Antenatal Clinics ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Background Incidence of malaria and anaemia are of public health importance especially in pregnant women in endemic regions, due to the negative health consequences to the mother and fetus. This study aimed to assess the pattern of falciparum malaria infection and anaemia, based on malaria prevention methods practiced by participants. Methods A semi-structured tool was used to capture information on demographic, socio-economic and malaria prevention practices from 113 pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in 2 peri-urban health facilities in Lagos, southwest Nigeria. Malaria microscopy was conducted and haematocrit was measured. Logistic regression analysis was performed on the data collated from the survey. Results The prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women was 87.2%. The mean (± sd) packed cell volume (PCV) (%) of the 22 (19.5%) infected subjects (26.8 ± 6.6), was significantly lower (t = −2.60, P value = 0.007) than that of the 91 (80.5%) uninfected subjects (30.8 ± 6.0). The prevalence of infection was highest in the 3rd trimester (n = 40, 35.4%) at 27.5% (11/40) and among those in their first pregnancy (n = 32, 28.3%) at 25.0% (8/32). There was a significant difference (t = −2.23, P-value = 0.01) in the mean PCV % of pregnant women who consumed herbal teas in pregnancy (28.2 ± 5.2) compared to those who did not (30.8 ± 6.6). Regression analysis showed that first pregnancy, anti-malarial use and insecticide-treated nets use the night before study had increased odds of malaria infection in participants (OR = 1.35, P = 0.006, 95% CI 0.52−2.49; OR = 2.3, P = 0.005, 95% CI 0.14−0.41; OR = 1.92, P = 0.001, 95% CI 0.62−5.98) while intermittent preventive treatment (IPT) participation and formal education were strongly and significantly associated with lower risk of parasitaemia (OR = 0.95, P = 0.025, 95% CI 0.41−2.26; OR = 0.44, P = 0.005, 95% CI 0.34−10.50). Conclusion Interventions that will reduce malaria and moderate to severe anaemia, especially in a first pregnancy, should include education on the correct use of long-lasting insecticide-treated bed nets (LLIN), IPT and the dangers of herbal teas in pregnancy.

Mefloquine pharmacokinetics in pregnant women with acute falciparum malaria

1994 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.Na Bangchang ◽  
T.M.E. Davis ◽  
S. Looareesuwan ◽  
N.J. White ◽  
D. Bunnag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Falciparum Malaria
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